Linux Review (a) Linux software installation and management

Linux Package Management System types

APT (Advanced package Tool)

Package Name: Packagename_version_arch.deb

Composition: Debian-binary +control.tar.gz +data.tar.gz

Common systems: Ubuntu, Debian, etc.

RPM (RedHat package Management)

Package Name: packagename_version_arch.rpm
packagename_version_arch.src.rpm

Composition: Spec file + Application source code package

Common systems: Red Hat, SuSE, Fedora, CentOS, etc.

RPM Introduction

RPM is an abbreviation for Redhatpackagemanager (Redhat Package management tool)

is an open software packaging system that anyone can use

RPM simplifies Linux software installation and update management

For developers, RPM allows the software code and programs to be packaged and then delivered to the end user.

RPM's design goals

1. Upgradeable with RPM, you can upgrade individual components on your system without having to reload them. When you get a new release version of an RPM-based operating system (such as Redhatlinux), you do not have to reinstall the system.
2. Powerful query function RPM is designed to provide powerful query functionality. You can search the entire database for packages or some specific files. You can easily see which file belongs to which package and where the package comes from.

RPM Basic Operation mode

RPM has five basic operating modes (not including package construction): Install, remove install, upgrade, query and verify

Naming specification for RPM packages

The name of the RPM package has its own format

testlib–1.0–5.i386.rpm
1-The package name is "Testlib";
Version "1.0" of the software, which includes the major and minor version numbers (5);
3-I386 is software running hardware platform, other common platforms are: i586, i686, Noarch, x86_64;
4-rpm as the file extension, which represents the type of file as RPM package.

RPM Installation Package

Syntax format

1: Parameter options:

-V: Represents verbose, which will display detailed information during the installation process.

-H: Represents the hash, and the setting displays "#" during installation to indicate the progress of the installation.

2: For larger RPM packages, use the "-IVH" option during installation to learn more about the progress of the installation.

RPM Uninstall Package

Grammar

RPM Upgrade PackageGrammar

rpm Information Query

Grammar

-A: All installed packages are queried.

-f <file>: Query the specified file, you must specify the full path of the file (such as/bin/ls).

-P <PACKAGEFILE>: Query specific Packages The following options are called information selection options

-I: Displays package information, including name, description, release version, size, date of manufacture, manufacturer, and other miscellaneous.

-L: Displays a list of files included in the package.

-S: Displays the status of all files in the package.

-D: Displays a list of files that are marked as documents (man page, info page, README, and so on).

-C: Displays a list of files that are marked as profiles

rpm Checkcommand format: Rpm-vFor example:rpm-v Testlib, verify that all files within the Testlib package are the same as when they were originally installed. to validate a package that contains a specific file: Rpm-vf/bin/vito verify all installed packages: Rpm-va

Linux Review (a) Linux software installation and management