Linux X Window Application FAQ (next) _unix Linux

I want to change my Linux desktop environment, how to operate it?

In the popular KDE and GNOME desktop environment, the default window appearance and operation is a lot of imitation of Windows 9X, long time it is boring, it is necessary to enable the activation of the skin Dafa.

1.KDE Environment:

Right-click in the desktop space → display features → style Tab → Remove the "Show controls in Windows 95" option → OK button.

By doing this, the three-dimensional stereoscopic of the Windows controls is particularly strong, including some details, such as the cascading menu arrows, which Windows 9X does not have.

If you want to add the icing on the cake, choose a color scheme from the color tab → color theme dropdown box, where the BeOS, CDE, Digital Unix CDE, Solaris, and other commercial operating system scenarios work well.

2.GNOME Environment:

Gnome General with the Enlightenment window manager with the use, the window manager features is good at changing skin, each of its theme are very luxurious exquisite, three-dimensional effect, stone effect, lantern effect, metal effect, transparent color can be easily realized. With music and animations, at first glance, like many popular 3D game interfaces.

Set the method is: from the Panel click Gnome button →gnome set →gnome control center →theme selector → pop-up theme selection window → "Existing theme" dropdown box → Select a theme→ Press "OK" button.

Description: In the theme Selection window, divide the top and bottom two panes, the left half of the upper pane is the existing Theme Drop-down box, and the bottom pane is preview. When you select some kind of theme, in the preview window in real-time display in this kind of theme, each window control, like button, text input frame, scroll bar and so on example, facilitates you to choose the satisfactory theme.

On the right half of the upper pane, there is also an important button-"Install new theme", click it, there will be a prompt dialog box, ask you the new theme file location, through this button, you can add a filter like Photoshop, the continuous expansion of many exquisite theme.

How do I query System information?

1.KDE Environment:

Click the KDE button from the Panel →kde control center → info item → Click + to expand the subproject.

The whole window is divided into two parts, the left pane is a list of subprojects, the right pane displays the selected Subproject Properties tab, and the selected subprojects have CPUs, DMA channels, interrupts, I/O ports, storage, disk partitions, Pci/isa/usb/ide bus interfaces, SCSI interfaces, character/block devices , sounds, Samba, X server, and so on.

2.GNOME Environment:

Click on the Gnome button from the panel → select "About gnome" → In the lower pane to display the CPU, OS, X window, host name, user name, system load and so on summary information.

If you click the "Details" button → the system Info window will pop up → There are CPU, memory, disk 3 tabs → Select a tab → pop-up the corresponding item Information window.

CPU Information window content is more interesting, it not only shows the CPU model, frequency, cache size, but also automatically to known CPU bug--such as Fdiv_bug, Hlt_bug, Sep_bug, and so on to detect and list the final results. From this you can see some of the internal CPU.

In the Memory Information window, the usage of memory and hard disk swap area is listed, including total/used/idle amount, and buffers, Cache and user allocations in shared memory.

The Disk Information window provides details of the currently installed file system, including the installation point, the device used, the file system type, the amount of disk space occupied, the number of I nodes, and so on.

How to monitor system load in real time?

In the GNOME desktop environment provides a number of System Monitor programs, such as CPU load, hard disk load, memory load, swap load, and so on, they are dynamic histogram, pie small window reflects the system's health, want to put these small windows on the GNOME panel, easy to observe in real time?

Follow the steps below: Click the Gnome button from the panel → select "Panel" → "Add applet" → select "Monitor" → check some kind of monitor.

How do I extend my desktop space?

Under Windows 9X, when you open more than one window, the entire desktop becomes crowded and cluttered, and difficult to classify and manage. In Linux, the problem is solved, and almost every popular X window Windows Management system offers an extended "virtual desktop." Users can open multiple desktops at the same time, and then switch through the Desktop (page) selector, and at a certain point, the user sees only the currently Active Desktop.

1.GNOME Environment:

In the center of the panel there is a "field" Font indicator window → Click on the 1th small square, that is, the 1th desktop, start to use the software, rest assured that open multiple Windows → when you feel that the desktop space is not enough time, click the 2nd Small box, select the 2nd desktop, continue to open the new application window → and so on, You can then use the remaining desktop.

You can click a square at any time, switch to the desktop, and then manipulate the software that was previously opened on the desktop.

2.KDE Environment:

Like Gnome, there are 4 buttons in the center of the panel, numbered one or two and three or four, with a "field" font, and clicking a numbered button indicates that the desktop is selected.

By using "virtual desktop", a physical screen when multiple uses, greatly expanded the desktop free space, the Classification Management Software window is very advantageous. For example, you can use the graphics image processing software on the 1th desktop, while the 2nd desktop uses word processing software and so on.

In Virtual desktop, the Open Software window in the 1th desktop is not visible when you switch to another desktop.

Did you notice? In a KDE environment, a button like "Pushpin" is next to the Control menu box of each window. Its function is "pinning" (Stick), click it, the selected window is "nailed", is "nailed" window, no matter which desktop you switch to, always be visible.

In the GNOME environment, there is no ready-made "pushpin" button, to achieve the same effect, you can: Click the Control menu button → pop-up control menu → Select the "pinning" item.

How to quickly adjust xterm display font size?

Move the mouse pointer to any location in the Xterm display area →ctrl+ Click the right mouse button → Eject the "emulation terminal font" menu → select a display font.

Display Font menu There are several items: English ASCII (default font, normal font, large font), Chinese characters (normal font, small font, large font). When the selection is complete, X window automatically follows the Font size xterm window size, it is very convenient!

How to prevent illegal access?

In a networked environment, X window allows a remote machine to access the local x Server, run the X software on the local machine, and display the results to a remote machine. This is no doubt beneficial to resource sharing, especially when the local server has some expensive x software, and the advantages are obvious.

But convenience can sometimes lead to security problems. If a malicious guy abuses access and runs a listener using the X Window Protocol's basic service to listen to the local server, it can even catch all the contents of the local keystroke.

It is necessary to take precautionary measures. The easiest way to do this is to open the Xterm safe keyboard mode:

Move the mouse pointer to any location in the Xterm display area →ctrl+ Click the left mouse button → pop-up x terminal "main menu options" → Select the "safe keyboard" item → If the "safe keyboard" mode setting succeeds, the Xterm window will be displayed in white. In this case, the contents of the keyboard input will only be sent to the xterm, which is therefore safe. In the picture shown in Figure 2, we are modifying the password of the superuser in Safe keyboard mode.

If the Xterm window is not shown in white, it is very suspicious, and it is possible that you are being watched.