Oracle notes (15th) Database Backup

Link: Oracle notes (1) Oracle introduction and installation: http://www.bkjia.com/database/201209/154049.html#oraclenote (2) SQLPlus command example (3) Scott user's table structure example (4) simple query, limited query, and data sorting http://www.bkjia.com/database/201209/154054.html?oracle=( 5) single-row function; (6) Multi-Table query; (7) data update, transaction processing, and pseudo-column data; (8) complex query and summary (9) create and manage tables (10) Constraint (11) create tables, update and query comprehensive exercises http://www.bkjia.com/database/201209/154621.html#oraclenotes (12) collection, sequence http://www.bkjia.com/database/201209/154623.html#oraclenotes (14) User Management http://www.bkjia.com/database/201209/154886.html
Database Backup is one of the most important tasks in the whole project operation. 1. Data export and import are aimed at a user's backup operations, which can be completed as follows:
1. Create a folder on the hard disk for data export: c: \ backup; enter the exp command; enter the user name and password; set the name of the exported file: EXPDAT. DMP;
2. import data first, and delete the table. Enter c: \ backup in the folder where the exported file is located. Enter the imp command;
Enter the user name and password. Import the entire exported file (yes/no): no> yes
However, the above operations are only used as a demonstration, because such backup operations are only suitable for small data volumes. If the data volume is large, such operations will consume performance, it will take a long time. To solve the problem of large data volumes, you can only operate on data partitions.
Ii. Cold backup of data tables in data operations. Some users may not commit transactions. In this case, full backup operations may fail, the so-called Cold backup refers to the implementation of database backup operations when the database instance is closed. If you want to perform a cold backup, you need to back up some core contents in the database:
The control file refers to the core file that controls the instance services of the entire Oracle database, which is directly found through "v $ controlfile". Redo the log file to perform data disaster recovery, directly find it through "v $ logfile;
Data Files and tablespace files can be found through "v $ datafile" and "v $ tablespace"; the configuration file for core operations (pfile) can be found through "show parameter pfile;
In terms of actual Oracle deployment, all files must be stored on different hard disks to achieve IO balancing. After confirming the file to be backed up, follow these steps: 1. log on to CONN sys/change_on_install as sysdba as a super administrator; 2. Find all the control file directories. SELECT * FROM v $ controlfile;
 
3. SELECT * FROM v $ logfile;
 
4. Find the tablespace file SELECT * FROM v $ tablespace;
SELECT * FROM v $ datafile;
 
5. Find the pfile show parameter pfile;
 
6. Shut down the database instance shutdown immediate;
 
7. Back up all the searched data to the disk. 8. Start the database instance STARTUP;
 
Generally, a professional DBA developer must be proficient in the above steps to perform timely recovery after a disaster occurs.