Learn the industry-leading NoSQL database = "MongoDB" in one article per day

About MongoDB:

MongoDB is a cross-platform, document-oriented database that enables high-performance, high-availability, and can be easily scaled.

MongoDB is also a product between a non-relational database and a relational database, and is the most versatile and most like relational database in an untyped database.

The operation is primarily based on two concepts: collections and documents

Features of MongoDB:

1, easy to install, provide the document-oriented storage function

2. Provides replication, high availability, and automatic sharding capabilities

3, support rich query expressions, query instructions using JSON-style markup

4. Support various programming languages: Ruby, Pathon, Java, C + +, PHP, C #, etc.

Below I install MongoDB in CENTOS7 and demonstrate a variety of basic operations related

First, install MongoDB (1) Configure the Yum source repository

[[email protected] ~]#cd /etc/yum.repos.d/[[email protected] yum.repos.d]#vim mongodb.repo[mongodb-org]name=MongoDB Repositorybaseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/3.6/x86_64/gpgcheck=1enabled=1gpgkey=https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-3.6.asc

(2) Installing MongoDB

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]#yum list   //测试[[email protected] ~]#yum  install -y mongodb-org[[email protected] ~]#vi /etc/mongod.confbindIp: 0.0.0.0             #监听地址port: 27017                 #监听端口[[email protected] ~]#systemctl start mongod.service[[email protected] ~]#netstat -anpt | grep 27017tcp          0          0 0.0.0.0:27017           0.0.0.0:*       LISTEN          44010/mongod[[email protected] ~]#/usr/bin/mongo>db.version()                //查看版本信息>show dbsadmin 0.0000GBlocal 0.0000GB> DB.getMongo()2018-07-16T16:10:27.899+0800 E QUERY    [thread1] TypeError: DB.getMongo is not a function :@(shell):1:1

Second, start MongoDB multi-instance

[[email protected] ~]# cp-p/etc/mongod.conf/etc/mongod2.conf[[email protected] ~]# vim/etc/                               Mongod2.confpath:/data/mongodb/mongod2.log//Log location DBPath:/data/mongodb/mongo//storage path port:27018 Port number [[email protected] ~]# mkdir-p/data/mongodb/[[email protected] ~]# cd/dat A/mongodb/[[email protected] mongodb]# mkdir mongo[[email protected] mongodb]# touch mongod2.log[[email  protected] mongodb]# chmod 777 mongod2.log[[email protected] mongodb]# mongod-f/etc/mongod2.confabout to  Fork child process, waiting until server was ready for connections.forked Process:51823child process started successfully, Parent exiting[[email protected] mongodb]# MONGO--port 27018MongoDB Shell version v3.6.6connecting TO:MONGODB://1 27.0.0.1:27018/mongodb Server Version:3.6.6server has startup warnings:2018-07-16t16:21:43.218+0800 I CONTROL [Initand Listen] > exitbye[[email protected] mongodb]# NETstat-antpactive Internet connections (servers and established) Proto recv-q send-q Local Address Foreign addres      S state pid/program name TCP 0 0 0.0.0.0:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 44010/mongod TCP 0 0 0.0.0.0:27018 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 51823/mongod TC P 0 0 127.0.0.1:49076 127.0.0.1:27018 time_wait-tcp 0 0 192. 168.200.184:22 192.168.200.1:60220

Third, MongoDB basic operation

> Use MyDB//Create and open MyDB database switched to DB mydb> A=db.info.find ()/ /aliases > Db.createcollection (' a ')//Add a collection to the MyDB database a{"OK": 1}> Show Collections//Display number According to all collections in the library a> typeof (a.ID)//View property type 2018-07-16t17:51:21.735+0800 E QUERY [Thread1] Referenceerr OR:A isn't defined: @ (shell):1:1> Db.a.insert ({"id": 1, "name": "Zhangsan", "hobby": ["Game", "Talk", "read"]})                           Writeresult ({"ninserted": 1}) ["Game", "Talk", "read"]//String array object (object) > Db.a.find () Displays all the documents in the A collection {"_id": ObjectId ("5b4c58ddf7c9ed9a709175e9"), "id": 1, "name": "Zhangsan", "hobby": ["Game "," Talk "," read "]}> Db.a.insert ({" id ": 2," name ":" Lisi "," hobby ": [" Game "," Talk "," read "]}) Writeresult ({" ninserted ": 1}" > Db.a.insert ({"id": 3, "name": "Wangwu", "hobby": ["Game", "Talk", "read"]}) Writeresult ({"ninserted": 1}) > Db.a.find () {"_id": ObjectId ("5b4c58ddf7c9ed9a709175e9 ")," id ": 1," name ":" Zhangsan "," hobby ": [" Game "," Talk "," read "]} {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5b4c67c5bacc9efbe3a0d 477 ")," id ": 2," name ":" Lisi "," hobby ": [" Game "," Talk "," read "]} {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5b4c67ccbacc9efbe3a0d478 ")," I D ": 3," name ":" Wangwu "," hobby ": [" Game "," Talk "," read "]}> Db.a.findone ({" id ": 1})//find specified record {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5b4c58ddf7c9ed9a709175e9 ")," id ": 1," name ":" Zhangsan "," hobby ": [" Game "," ta LK "," read "]}> db.a.update ({" id ": 2},{$set: {" name ":" Xiaoqi "}})//Change Property Writeresult ({" nmatched ": 1," Nupser  Ted ": 0," nmodified ": 1}) > Db.a.find () {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5b4c58ddf7c9ed9a709175e9 ")," id ": 1," name ":" Zhangsan ", "Hobby": ["Game", "Talk", "read"]} {"_id": ObjectId ("5b4c67c5bacc9efbe3a0d477"), "id": 2, "name": "Xiaoqi", "hobby ": [" Game "," Talk "," read "]} {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5b4c67ccbacc9efbe3a0d478 ")," id ": 3," name ":" Wangwu "," hobby ": [" Game "," Talk "," read "]}> show Dbsadmin 0.000GBconfig 0.000GBlocal 0.000GBmydb 0.000gb> use mydbswitched to DB mydb> Db.a.drop () Delete Collection true> show collections> db.dropdatabase ()//delete database {"Dropped" : "MyDB", "OK": 1}> show dbsadmin 0.000GBconfig 0.000GBlocal 0.000GB

Iv. Daily maintenance of MongoDB

Parameter description:

-d：指明数据库的名字-c：指明集合的名字-f：指明要导出哪些列-o：指明要导出的文件名-q：指明导出数据的过滤条件

(1) Import and export

Import and export MongoDB data using the Mongoexport and Mongoimport commands

> Use schoolswitched to DB school> db.createcollection (' info ') {"OK": 1}> for (var i=1;i<=100;i++) db.info.ins ERT ({"id": I, "name": "Jack" +i}) Writeresult ({"ninserted": 1}) > Db.info.find () {"_id": ObjectId ("  5b4ca7864f78ab07f2b572da ")," id ": 1," name ":" Jack1 "} {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5b4ca7864f78ab07f2b572db ")," id ": 2," name ": "Jack2"} {"_id": ObjectId ("5B4CA7864F78AB07F2B572DC"), "id": 3, "name": "Jack3"} {"_id": ObjectId ("5b4ca7864f78ab07 F2B572DD ")," id ": 4," name ":" Jack4 "} {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5b4ca7864f78ab07f2b572de ")," id ": 5," name ":" Jack5 "} {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5b4ca7864f78ab07f2b572df ")," id ": 6," name ":" Jack6 "> Db.info.count ()//display number of rows 100[[ Email protected] ~]# mongoexport-d school-c info-o/opt/school.json//Note Here the exported file format is *.jsonc2018-07-16t22 : 13:22.668+0800 connected to:localhost2018-07-16t22:13:22.675+0800 exported records[[email protected] ~]# C D/opt[[email protected] opt]# LSRH school.json[[emAil protected] opt]# vim School.json [[email protected] opt]# mongoimport-d school-c test--file School.json20 18-07-16t22:15:22.523+0800 Connected to:localhost2018-07-16t22:15:22.700+0800 Imported DOCUMENTS[[EMAIL&NBSP;PR Otected] opt]# mongo> use schoolswitched to DB school> show Tablesinfotest//import file test, which was just exported Content > Db.test.find () {"_id": ObjectId ("5b4ca7864f78ab07f2b572da"), "id": 1, "name": "Jack1"} {"_id": ObjectId ("5b4c A7864f78ab07f2b572db ")," id ": 2," name ":" Jack2 "} {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5B4CA7864F78AB07F2B572DC ")," id ": 3," name ":" Ja Ck3 "} {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5B4CA7864F78AB07F2B572DD ")," id ": 4," name ":" Jack4 "} {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5b4ca7864f78ab07f2b5 72de ")," id ": 5," name ":" Jack5 "} {" _id ": ObjectId (" 5b4ca7864f78ab07f2b572df ")," id ": 6," name ":" Jack6 "[[email&nbsp ;p rotected] opt]# mongoexport-d school-c info-q ' {"id": {"$eq": Ten}} '-o/opt/top10.json//filter the number of rows to be exported,-Q There is a space behind 2018-07-16t22:20:20.610+0800 connected to:localhost2018-07-16t22:20:20.636+0800 exported 1 record[[email protected] opt]# cd/opt /[[email protected] opt]# lsrh school.json top10.json[[email protected] opt]# vim Top10.json {"_id": {"$oid": "5b4ca7864f78ab07f2b572e3"}, "id": 10.0, "name": "Jack10"}

(2) Backup and recovery

Use the Mongodump command to back up MongoDB data

-h:MongoDB所在服务器地址-d：需要备份的数据库实例-o：备份数据存放的位置，该目录需提前创建

[[email protected] opt]# mkdir /backup[[email protected] opt]# mongodump -d school -o /backup/       //备份2018-07-16T22:43:29.828+0800    writing school.info to 2018-07-16T22:43:29.830+0800    writing school.test to 2018-07-16T22:43:29.836+0800    done dumping school.info (100 documents)2018-07-16T22:43:29.838+0800    done dumping school.test (100 documents)[[email protected] opt]# cd /backup/[[email protected] backup]# lsschool[[email protected] backup]# cd school/[[email protected] school]# lsinfo.bson  info.metadata.json  ==test.bson==  test.metadata.json[[email protected] school]# mongorestore -d abc --dir=/backup/school/  //恢复  备注：这里的数据库abc会自动创建，所以可以不存在2018-07-16T22:46:02.801+0800    the --db and --collection args should only be used when restoring from a BSON file. Other uses are deprecated and will not exist in the future; use --nsInclude instead

(3) Copy Database

> show dbsabc     0.000GBadmin   0.000GBconfig  0.000GBlocal   0.000GBschool  0.000GB> show dbsabc     0.000GBadmin   0.000GBconfig  0.000GBlocal   0.000GBschool  0.000GB> db.copyDatabase("abc","abc1")               //复制数据库        { "ok" : 1 }> show dbsabc     0.000GBabc1    0.000GBadmin   0.000GBconfig  0.000GBlocal   0.000GBschool  0.000GB

(4) Create an administrative user

> use admin> db.createUser({"user":"root","pwd":"123","roles":["root"]})> db.auth("root","123")

(5) Process Management

> db.currentOp()          //查看进程    "active" : true,            "currentOpTime" : "2018-07-16T23:28:31.188+0800",            "opid" : 19385,            "secs_running" : NumberLong(0),    > db.killOp(19385){ "info" : "attempting to kill op", "ok" : 1 }

Learn the industry-leading NoSQL database = "MongoDB" in one article per day