File Directory Operations Command
[[email] ~]# nl-n rz-w 2 list.txt protected ls02 cd03 pwd04 mkdir05 rm06 rmdir07 mv08 cp09 touch10 cat11 N L12 more13 less14 head15 Tail
Ls
LS Prints the inventory and details of the current directory, or you can specify the list and details of a file or folder
ls "option" "Directory Name"
Common options
-A view all subdirectories and files
-A put "." “..” Filter out
-l lists the details, or it can be the same as LL
-D list the properties of a directory
Instance
[email protected] ~]# ll data/web/log/system.log-rw-r--r--1 root root 4 18:19 data/web/log/system.log[[email PR Otected] ~]# ll-d data/web/log/drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 4 18:19 data/web/log/[[email protected] ~]# ls-a data/we B/log/system.log[[email protected] ~]# ls-a data/web/log/. .. System.log[[email protected] ~]# ls/| Wc-l (add one) 20
Cd
CD switch to a different directory,
CD "Directory Name"
Common options
CD/Switch to root directory
CD Switch Home directory
CD Data/web/log switch to target directory
Cd.. /Switch to Parent directory
CD./Current Directory
CD ~ Switch home directory as CD
CD-Switch to the directory where you Last
[Email protected] ~]# CD/[[email protected]/]# CD [[email protected] ~]# CD Data/web/log/[[email protected] log]# CD. /[[email protected] web]# CD./[[email protected] web]# CD ~[[email protected] ~]# CD-(CD $ is also achievable)/root/data/web
Pwd
PWD View the full path to the current directory
PWD generally does not apply to any parameters
Pwd-p View the true path if the destination file has a link
[[email protected] web]# pwd/root/data/web[[email protected] web]# cd/etc/init.d/[[email protected] init.d]# pwd-p/etc/ Rc.d/init.d
Mkdir
mkdir creating the specified file directory
mkdir "Options" "Directory Name"
-M to set directory permissions
-p recursively Create a directory
-V Displays information each time it is created
[[Email protected] ~]# mkdir sh[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p sh /install/web/tar[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -m 777 install[[email Protected] ~]# mkdir -vp install/{bin/,log/,svn/{zabbix,cacti},ftp/{web,mysql,php},postfix /mail/{admin,pm}} mkdir: created directory ' install/bin/' mkdir: created directory ' install/log/' mkdir: created directory ' install/svn ' mkdir: created directory ' Install/svn/zabbix ' mkdir: created directory ' install/svn/cacti ' mkdir: created directory ' install/ftp ' mkdir: created directory ' Install/ftp/web ' mkdir: created directory ' install/ftp/mysql ' mkdir: created directory ' install/ftp/php ' mkdir: created directory ' Install/postfix ' mkdir: created directory ' install/postfix/ Mail ' Mkdir: created directory ' install/postfix/mail/admin ' mkdir: created directory ' install/postfix/mail/pm '
[Email protected] ~]# tree installinstall├──bin├──ftp│?? ├──mysql│?? ├──php│?? └──web├──log├──postfix│?? └──mail│?? ├──admin│?? └──pm└──svn├──cacti└──zabbix
Rm
RM is the command for deletion, which deletes one or more directories or files
RM [Options] [file name]
-F ignores nonexistent files and never prompts
-I do an interactive delete, delete a file prompt you
-R instructs RM to delete the specified file and all directories and files under the recursive delete
-V shows the steps
[Email protected] ~]# tree data/data/└──web└──log└──system.log2 directories, 1 file[[email protected] ~]# RM-RFV dataremoved ' data/web/log/system.log ' removed directory: ' data/web/log ' removed directory: ' Data/web ' removed Directory: ' data ' [[email protected] ~]# rm-i zabbix/*.logrm:remove regular file ' Zabbix/1.log '? Yrm:remove regular file ' Zabbix/2.log '? Y
RmDir
RmDir deleting an empty directory using Rm-r is too risky
rmdir [Options] [contents]
-V shows the execution process
-P Recursive Delete sub-directory is also empty directory, and deleted together
[[email protected] ~]# rmdir zabbixrmdir:failed to remove ' Zabbix ': Directory not empty[[email protected] ~]# rm-i Zabbi X/*.txtrm:remove regular file ' Zabbix/1.txt '? Y[[email protected] ~]# rmdir zabbix[[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# mkdir zabbix/install-p[[email protected ] ~]# rmdir zabbix/install-p
Mv
MV can be used to move files or rename files, often used to back up files or directories
MV [options] [source file] [target file]
-B If you need to overwrite the file, back up before overwriting
-F If the destination file exists, Force overwrite
-I already exists will prompt whether to overwrite
[[Email protected] ~]# mv aa.sh sh/install/web/install.sh[[email protected] ~]# mv-i install.sh sh/install/web/install.s H mv:overwrite ' sh/install/web/install.sh '? [Email protected] ~]# mv-b install.sh sh/install/web/install.sh mv:overwrite ' sh/install/web/install.sh '? Y[[email protected] web]# lsinstall.sh install.sh~ tar[[email protected] ~]# mv-f install.sh sh/install/web/install.sh
Cp
CP is used to copy files or directories
CP [Options] [source] [directory]
-p ownership, timestamp
-A full copy of the entire catalog file
-I copy time copying
[Email protected]t ~]# cp-ap sh shell/[[email protected] ~]# tree Shell/shell/└──sh└──install└──web ├──install.sh├──install.sh~└──tar
Touch
Touch is used to create a new file that does not exist
touch [options] [filename]
[email protected] ~]# Touch ceshi.txt
Cat
Cat is used to print out the contents of the file and is often used with redirection symbols
Cat [Options] [file]
-N Display number of rows
-S has two consecutive lines of blank line, on behalf of a row display
[[email protected] ~]# cat-n log2016_1_6.log 1 Install centos.6.5 2 Install centos.6.5 3 Install Centos.6 .5 4 Install centos.6.5
nl
NL can be output by default with the number of rows, suitable for more than the number of rows calculation, you can automatically add 0
-N
RZ number of rows in the back plus 0
0-digit number of-W brake occupied
[Email protected] ~]# nl-n rz log2016_1_6.log 000001 install centos.6.5000002 install centos.6.5000003 Install centos.6.5000004 install Centos.6.5[[email protected] ~]# nl-n rz-w 3 log2016_1_6.log 001 Install centos.6.5002 Install centos.6.5003 install centos.6.5004 install centos.6.5
More
More similar to cat, the entire file will be displayed on the screen, press the SPACEBAR to scroll down, press the B key to turn back
more [options] [filename]+n from the first line shows the V Call VI editor Q exit! command to invoke the shell and execute the command--more--(10%)
Less
Less is also used to view the commands that can be page up and down
less [options] [filename]
Head
The head command displays the file start information output
head [parameters] [filename]
-N Displays the number of rows
-C Displays the number of bytes
[[email protected] ~]# head-n 5 who.txt 12345[[email protected] ~]# head-c 4 who.txt 12
Tail
Tail and head Instead, view trailer information
tail [options] [file name]
-C Display bytes
-N Display number of rows
-F Loop read to see how the file changes at any time
[[email protected] ~]# tail-5 who.txt 678910[[email protected] ~]# tail-c 8 who.txt 8910[[email protected] ~]# [[Email Protected] ~]# ping www.baidu.com > Ping.log[[email protected] ~]# ping www.baidu.com > Ping.log
This article is from the "Good Note ops" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://021soso.blog.51cto.com/11045979/1732004
Linux command Daquan _ file Directory Operations Command