Linux File Management command notes, linux File Management notes

Linux File Management command notes, linux File Management notes

More \ less: Paging command

More: view the file content in the form of pages. This command can be used as a pipeline command.

Keys used during page flip:

Space: Page flip down;

Press Enter: Open a line down;

B: turning back, only available, but invalid for pipeline commands.

Q: leave more now.

 

Less: it is easier to flip pages than more and can flip pages up. Can be used as pipeline commands.

The available keys, including the more command function, also include the following:

[Pageup] [pagedown]: One page is up and one page is down;

 

Head/tail: displays part of the article content.

Head [-n number] File: displays the content of the first few lines of files.

Tail [-n number] File: displays the content of the last few lines of files.

 

Tee: a multi-pass command that transfers standard output to a file and sends the same data to the screen for processing.

Example: ls-l/home | tee ~ /Homefile | more

 

Pr: indicates the output command in reorganization format. If the file name is omitted, it can be used as a pipeline command.

Command Format: pr <optional> [file name]

+ <Page number>: output from the specified page number. The default page number is 1;

-<Number of columns>: specify the number of columns for output. The default value is 1;

 

Wc: counts the number of lines of text, the number of words, and the total number of characters in a file (or standard input. Can be used as pipeline commands

Option:

-L: only list rows;

-W: only the number of words listed;

-M: The number of characters.

 

Find command:

Basic usage:

Find <Directory List> <search method> [<execute Operation>]

Directory List: directory tree to search. Multiple directories can be separated by spaces or use wildcards;

Retrieval Method:

-Name <File name>: the file name is available *? And other wildcards;

-Iname can be case insensitive;

-Type <type value>:

F: common file; d: Directory; l: Symbolic Link file; p: Pipeline file; c: character device file; B: block device file; s: Socket file;

-Perm [-] <gossip permission string>

If "-" is added before the "octal" permission, the system searches for files with permissions other than this.

(4) search by row based on the file size.

-Size <number> k

(5) search by the row of the object owner.

-User <owner Account Name>

(6) Search objects based on the time when the objects are accessed and disabled.

-Atime <number>

Searches for files that have been accessed before the specified number of days. And:

-Mtime <number>

Indicates that the files modified before the specified number of days are retrieved.

-Newer <File Name>

Indicates to retrieve all files updated at a time later than the specified file name.

 

The preceding <search method> can also be combined with two rows through logical operations to generate more complex search conditions.

These logical operations include:

And: that is, the. and. operation. No special operator expression is required. You only need to list all the retrieval methods, and use spaces to separate them.

Or:. or. Operation, represented by the operator-o. When the two search conditions are "quit", place "-o" between the two search conditions.

No:. not. Operation, Operator! .

Use "()" When combining some search conditions, but "()" has special meanings, therefore, use the Escape Character "\" to write it as "\ (" and "\)".

 

Common <execution actions> include:

-Print: displays the retrieved file name on the standard output (screen.

-Exec <command >\;: Execute <command>. If you want to use the retrieved file name in the command, replace it with the symbol, the system will pass the retrieved file name to the command where "{}" is found.

 

Grep: full-text search. It can be used to retrieve files that contain a specified character expression. A character expression can contain "*","? "And other wildcards to implement fuzzy query (also known as" Regular Expression ").

Grep <Regular Expression> <File Name List>