Linux File Directory Management

System directory Structure

1. To make it easier to view the system directory structure, use the tree command:

Installation commands

Yum install-y Tree

Help

Tree--help

Man help command to use

Mans Tree

Tree Usage Example: viewing the root directory under level two

Tree-l 2/

2. Root folder detailed

• Linux Common Commands store folders:/bin/,/sbin/,/usr/bin/,/usr/sbin/

Note: The/sbin/directory can only be used by the root account, and the normal account will use/bin/

• System startup directory: /boot/

• Device Files directory: /dev/

• Configuration file directory: /etc/

• Normal User home directory:/home/

• Root User home directory:/root/

• System Library Files directory:/lib/,/lib64/

View a command using those libraries for example: "/bin/ls"

Ldd/bin/ls

• Media Catalog:/media/

• Temporary mount directory:/mnt/

• Empty directory:/opt/

• System startup Process directory:/proc/

Each process PID has a separate file in this directory

• File directory generated by the process:/run/

• File directory generated by the service:/srv/

• System kernel related files directory:/sys/

• System temp directory:/tmp/

Note: Anyone can operate but only their own data

• User Files directory:/usr/

• Multiple Storage System log:/var/

3. ls command

Ls=list

-L Detailed information = = LL

File type, permissions, location, several files exist the same inode, owner, owning group, size, creation time, file name

-I. Inode number

-a show contains hidden directories

-T time, flashback by time

-D only look at the directory itself, not the files listed under Folders

-H automatically displays the most appropriate size units

4. File type

-   Normal file (can be cat open)

Catalog D

C String Device (mouse, keyboard)

L Soft Link

B-Block devices (discs, disks)

s in-machine communication

5. Alias command

command: which ll

Function: Query specific command alias details

command: alias

Function: Display all system aliases

command: alias pan= ' Ls-lha '

Role: Custom pan aliases are used instead of Ls-lha

To cancel an alias: Unalias

Note: The custom alias path must be $PATH exist in;

6. Relative path and absolute path

Absolute Path : The absolute path is the real path on the hard disk of the file or directory on your home page, (URL and physical path) such as:

C:xyz Est.txt represents the absolute path to the Test.txt file. The http://www.sun.com/index.htm also represents a URL absolute path.

relative Path : The path relative to a base directory. Contains the relative path to the web (relative to the directory in HTML)

For example:

In a servlet, "/" represents a directory of Web apps. and the relative representation of the physical path. For example: "./" represents the current directory, ". /"represents the parent directory. This similar representation also belongs to the relative path.

command: pwd

Function: Displays the directory where the current user is located

7. cd command (change Directory)

• -   go to your last directory

• Go to the current user home directory

• ~ Go to User's home directory

• .. Parent Directory

8. MKDIR and RMDIR

Command: mkdir

Options:

-P If the top-level directory to be set up is not currently established, the upper-level directory will be created

-V Visualization

Command: RmDir

Options:

-P deletes the specified directory if the upper-level directory of the directory has become an empty directory.

Note: Cascading deletions can only be deleted by the empty directory

9. RM command

• R recursive processing, processing all files under the specified directory with subdirectories

• F force removal of files or directories

• I ask for deletion every time you delete

History: View Historical commands

This article is from "a small dream of egg yolk" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://yolks.blog.51cto.com/10857562/1932542

Linux File Directory Management