Linux history and basic knowledge

1. History of Linux:

In 1973, Ken Thompson wrote the first full version of the Unix kernel in C language,

1977: Important UNIX Branch--bsd (Berkeley Sofeware distribution) was born

In order to migrate UNIX to different host, that is, as long as the UNIX source code, and the characteristics of the host to revise the original source code can be completed. UNIX is developed in collaboration with academia. University of Berkeley

Bill Joy added a lot of tools and compilers to the source code and eventually named it BSD. FreeBSD, which can then be installed on the x86 hardware architecture, is the BSD version.

1979: Important System V

Because there was no version of the whole dispute, so many businesses began the development of the UNIX operating system, eg:at&t system V,IBM Aix. (What is now known as Thoroughbred Unix is worth

System V and BSD two sets)

1984: x86 's Minix operating system was born:

A Andrewtanmenbaum professor developed the Minix because of the 1979 copyright statement, which affected the school's teaching of the UNIX kernel source code. (The source code on the disk has a great impact on Linux development

Big. ）

1984: GNU Project and FSF Foundation established free Software Foundation

The GNU project, launched by Stallman, has an indelible effect on today's free software craze.  In order to avoid the use of free software developed by GNU as a proprietary software, a generic public License GPL was drafted (General publicly License). Several important software developed by the GUN: Emacs,gun C (GCC), CNU C Library,bash Shell.

1991: Finnish University student Linus Torvalds developed a Linux kernel program and posted it online.

2. Version:

Kernel version: 2.6.18-92.e15 major version number minor version number minor revision version (where minor version number is odd for developing version, even for stable version)

    Linux Distribution: generally includes kernel+softwares+tools. To make it easy for users to install on Linux, many commercial companies integrate kernel with their own software to form a fully-installed system that we call Linux distribution. In order for all Linux distribution development to be different, developers need to rely on the LSB (Linux standard Base) and the file Hierarchy standard of the directory schema.