Linux Operations Basics and commands

1,linux system administrator account?
Root
2,[[email protected] ~]# explain the meaning of each part
Root Account
SVR5 Host Name
~ Directory/root
What are the TTY consoles for the 3,linux system?
Tty1-6 Character Interface
TTY7 graphical interface
4, how to view the kernel, and explain the meaning of each part
# Uname-r
2.6.18-371.el5
Major Version Number 2
Minor version number 6
Revision number 18
Red Hat revision 371
5, see which version of the system belongs to Redhat
# Cat/etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.10 (Tikanga)
6, show what position now
# pwd
7, enter the/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
# cd/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
8, long format and provides easy-to-read properties to display files beginning with/boot Vmlinuz
[Email protected] ~]# ls-lh/boot/vmlinuz*
-rw-r--r--1 root root 2.1M 2013-09-06/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-371.el5
[Email protected] ~]# find/boot-name vmlinuz*-exec ls-lh {} \;
-rw-r--r--1 root root 2.1M 2013-09-06/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-371.el5
9, List/etc Directory properties
[Email protected] ~]# ls-ld/etc
Drwxr-xr-x root root 4096 05-22 19:44/etc
10, recursive display of files and contents in the/boot directory
[Email protected] ~]# ls-r/boot/
11, show root all files including hidden files
[Email protected] ~]# ls-a/root/
12. See how much space each/boot and/etc/pki occupy
[Email protected] ~]# du-sh/boot//etc/pki/
6.5m/boot/
792k/etc/pki/
13, create/vod/movie/cartoon, recursively display/VOD directory structure
[Email protected] ~]# mkdir-p/vod/movie/cartoon
[Email protected] ~]# ls-r/vod/
14, Link System-config-network-tui to/sbin/netconfig
[email protected] ~]# which System-config-network-tui
/usr/sbin/system-config-network-tui
[Email protected] ~]# ln-s/usr/sbin/system-config-network-tui/sbin/netconfig
[Email protected] ~]# ls-l/sbin/netconfig
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 05-22 20:19/sbin/netconfig-/usr/sbin/system-config-network-tui
15, copy the/boot/grub/etc/host.conf to the/root/desktop.
[Email protected] ~]# cp-r/boot/grub//etc/host.conf/root/desktop/
16. Remove grub and host.conf under desktop
[Email protected] ~]# ls/root/desktop/
Grub host.conf
[Email protected] ~]# rm-rf/root/desktop/grub//root/desktop/host.conf
[Email protected] ~]# ls/root/desktop/
17. Create a/root/ls-man.txt file to move this file to the desktop
[Email protected] ~]# Touch/root/ls-man.txt
[Email protected] ~]# mv/root/ls-man.txt/root/desktop/
18, renamed Ls-man.txt to Manls.txt
[Email protected] ~]# Mv/root/desktop/ls-man.txt/root/desktop/manls.txt
[Email protected] ~]# Ls/root/desktop/manls.txt
19. Find the absolute path to the shutdown command
[email protected] ~]# which shutdown
/sbin/shutdown
20, create the myhttpd.conf file, use locate to find, is it possible to find this file?
[email protected] ~]# Touch myhttpd.conf
[Email protected] ~]# Locate myhttpd.conf
21, update the database/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db, use locate find, is it possible to find this file?
[Email protected] ~]# UpdateDB
[Email protected] ~]# Locate myhttpd.conf
/root/myhttpd.conf
22, delete the myhttpd.conf file, use locate find, is it possible to find this file?
[Email protected] ~]# RM-RF myhttpd.conf
[Email protected] ~]# Locate myhttpd.conf
/root/myhttpd.conf
23. Find the link file under/boot
[Email protected] ~]# Find/boot-type L
/boot/grub/menu.lst
24. Find the directory under/boot
[Email protected] ~]# Find/boot-type D
25. Find the file ending with. conf in/etc under the name Resol.
[Email protected] ~]# Find/etc-name resol*.conf
/etc/resolv.conf
26. display files with the. img End in the/boot format in an easy-to-read property
[Email protected] ~]# ls-lh/boot/*.img
-RW-------1 root root 2.8M 05-21 22:07/boot/initrd-2.6.18-371.el5.img
[Email protected] ~]# find/boot-name *.img-exec ls-lh {} \;
-RW-------1 root root 2.8M 05-21 22:07/boot/initrd-2.6.18-371.el5.img
27. Look for files with the. img End and greater than 2M under/boot
[Email protected] ~]# find/boot-name *.img-a-size +2m
/boot/initrd-2.6.18-371.el5.img
28. Find file names that have changed over/above or equal to 5 days before/var
[Email protected] ~]# find/var/-mtime +4
29, view/etc/passwd Top 5 lines
[Email protected] ~]# head-n 5/etc/passwd
30, view/etc/passwd tail 5 lines
[Email protected] ~]# tail-n 5/etc/passwd
31, view/etc/passwd's 8–12 line
[Email protected] ~]# Head-n 12/etc/passwd | Tail-n 5
32, how many accounts are in the statistical system?
[Email protected] ~]# wc-l/etc/passwd
32/etc/passwd
33, calculate the number of conf configuration files in the/etc directory.
[Email protected] ~]# Find/etc-name *.conf | Wc-l
244
34, display the contents of 127.0.0.1 in/etc/hosts
[[email protected] ~]# grep 127.0.0.1/etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
35, displays the contents of/etc/passwd as Root
[[email protected] ~]# grep ^root/etc/passwd
Root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
36, show content in/etc/passwd that ends with bash
[Email protected] ~]# grep bash$/etc/passwd
Root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
37. Remove blank lines from/etc/hosts.allow and show the results
[Email protected] ~]# grep-v "^$"/etc/hosts.allow
38, showing the contents of/etc/hosts not starting with the # number
[Email protected] ~]# grep-v "^#"/etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
:: 1 localhost6.localdomain6 Localhost6
39, calculate the number of users to login shell with/bin/bash
[Email protected] ~]# grep/bin/bash$/etc/passwd | Wc-l
1
40, find content in/etc/hosts that contains 127.0.0.1 or localhost
[Email protected] ~]# grep-e "127.0.0.1|localhost"/etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
:: 1 localhost6.localdomain6 Localhost6
41. Display/root content in a readable property and long format to redirect the results to/root/gztest.txt inside
[Email protected] ~]# ls-lh/root/>/root/gztest.txt
42, compression and decompression of/root/gztest.txt using gzip and bzip2 respectively
[Email protected] ~]# gzip gztest.txt
[Email protected] ~]# gzip-d gztest.txt
[Email protected] ~]# bzip2 gztest.txt
[Email protected] ~]# bzip2-d gztest.txt.bz2
43. Pack and compress the/etc/mail into the/root/mail.tar.gz
[Email protected] ~]# Tar-zcf/root/mail.tar.gz/etc/mail
44. Pack and compress the/etc/mail into the/root/mail.tar.bz2
[Email protected] ~]# Tar-jcf/root/mail.tar.bz2/etc/mail
45. Unzip the mail.tar.gz to/TMP and delete the/TMP/ETC directory
[Email protected] ~]# tar-zxf/root/mail.tar.gz-c/tmp/
[Email protected] ~]# rm-rf/tmp/etc/
46. Unzip the MAIL.TAR.BZ2 to/TMP and delete the/TMP/ETC directory
[Email protected] ~]# tar-jxf/root/mail.tar.bz2-c/tmp/
[Email protected] ~]# rm-rf/tmp/etc/
47, please create a directory named Vimtest in the/tmp directory.
[Email protected] ~]# mkdir/tmp/vimtest
48, enter the Vimtest directory
[Email protected] ~]# cd/tmp/vimtest/
49. Copy the/etc/man.config to the bottom of this directory
[Email protected] vimtest]# cp/etc/man.config.
50, use Vim to open the Man.config in this directory
[Email protected] vimtest]# vim Man.config
51, set the line number in Vim
: Set Nu
52, move to line 58th, move to the right 40 characters, what do you see in the double quotation marks in the directory?
: 58
40->
/dir/bin/foo
53, move to the first line, and search down the string ' bzip2 ', may I ask what line he is in?
1G
/BZIP2 118/137
54, I want to change the ' lowercase man string ' between 50 and 100 rows to ' uppercase man string ', and if a selection needs to be modified, how can I place an instruction? If you keep pressing ' Y ' during the selection process, the result will change a few guys in the last line.
: 50,100S/MAN/MAN/GC
55, after the modification, suddenly back, to recover all, what are the methods?
Uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu .....
: q!
56, I want to copy the contents of the nine lines (containing Manpath_map) from 65 to 73, and post to the last line
: 65
9yy
G
P
57,21 to 42 lines from the beginning of the # symbol I don't want it, how do I delete it?
: 21
: 21,42s/^#//g
58. Save this file as a Man.test.config file name
: w Man.test.config
59, add a row in the first line, the line content input ' I am a student ... '
1G
O
I am a student ...
60, save and leave.
: Wq/:x/zz

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