Oracle configuration-oracle parameter file (2)

Chapter 4 of oracle parameter 2

This topic describes common parameters.

AUDIT_FILE_DEST
Parameter type: String
Syntax: AUDIT_FILE_DEST = 'directory'
Default Value: ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/audit
Parameter category: static
AUDIT_FILE_DEST defines the path for storing audit files in Oracle.

AUDI_SYS_OPERATIONS
Parameter type: Boolean
Default Value: false
Parameter category: static
Value Range: true or false
AUDI_SYS_OPERATIONS is used to set whether to audit the operations of users logged on with SYSDBA or SYSOPER. Audit records will be written into the audit trace of the operating system.

AUDIT_TRAIL
Parameter type: String
Syntax: AUDIT_TRAIL = {NONE | FALSE | DB | TRUE | OS}
Default Value: No Default Value
Parameter category: static
AUDIT_TRAIL sets whether to automatically write audit records to the audit track. The value is as follows:
NONE or FALSE: Do not write.
OS: starts system-wide audits and writes audit records to the audit track of the operating system.
DB or TRUE: Start the system-wide audit and write the audit records to the audit track of the database (Table SYS. AUD $ ).
You can use the SQL command AUDIT to set AUDIT options and ignore the settings of this parameter.
BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST
Parameter type: String
Syntax: BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST = {corresponding operating system path}
Default Value: varies by operating system
Parameter category: dynamic: ALTER SYSTEM
BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST is used to specify the storage path of the tracking path file of background processes.

BLANK_TRIMMING
Parameter type: Boolean
Default Value: false
Parameter category: static
Value range: true | false
BLANK_TRIMMING is used to set the string semantics. The values are as follows:
False: When two string variables or columns are assigned values, if the source string length is greater than the width of the target variable or column, the value cannot be assigned and an error occurs;
True: when assigning values to two string variables or columns, if the source string length is greater than the width of the target variable or column, the extra-long part is truncated.

CIRCUITS
Parameter type: integer
Default Value: For a Shared Server architecture, the value is the number of sessions. For a non-Shared Server architecture, the value is 0.
Parameter category: static
CIRCUITS is used to specify the total number of virtual CIRCUITS in the MTS server architecture.

CONTROL_FILES
Parameter type: String
Syntax: CONTROL_FILES = file name [, file name [,...]
Parameter category: static
Value Range: 1 to 8 file names
Real-time application cluster: Multiple instances must have the same settings.
CONTROL_FILES is used to specify the parameter files of the database. Multiple Files specified in the parameter value are mirror relationships.

CURSOR_SHARING
Parameter type: String
Syntax: CURSOR_SHARING = {SIMILAR | EXACT | FORCE}
Default Value: EXACT
Parameter category: dynamic: alter session, ALTER SYSTEM
CURSOR_SHARING is used to specify how SQL statements share the cursor. The value is as follows:
FORCE: If the SQL statement is literally different and the effect is the same, the cursor is shared;
SIMILAR: If the SQL statement is literally different and the effect is the same as that of the query plan, the cursor is shared. This is more restrictive than FORCE: the dimension of the query plan;
EXACT: the cursor is shared only when the SQL statement is literally identical.

DB _ nK_CACHE_SIZE
DB_BLOCK_BUFFERS
DB_BLOCK_SIZE
DB_CACHE_SIZE
JAVA_POOL_SIZE
LOG_BUGGER
Shared_pool_size
Sort_area_size
Large_pool_size
Statistics_level
SGA_TARGET

The above parameters are about the setting of memory data blocks. Please refer to my previous article: Article 7 re-describing oracle database architecture 3: Memory Structure and dynamic memory management.
DB_DOMAIN
DB_NAME
ORACLE_SID
INSTANCE_NAME
For more information about the preceding parameters, see my previous article: Article 3: Database Name, Instance name, ORACLE_SID, database domain name, global database name, and service name

DB_FILES
Parameter type: integer
Default Value: 200
Parameter category: static
Real-time application cluster: This value must be set for each instance and the value must be equal.
DB_FILES is used to set the maximum number of database files.

DB_WRITER_PROCESSES
Parameter type: integer
Default Value: 1
Parameter category: static
Value Range: 1 to 20
DB_WRITER_PROCESSES is used to set the number of database write processes.

DISPATCHERS
Parameter type: String
Syntax: DISPATCHERS = 'dispatch _ clause'
Dispatch_cluse: =
(PROTOCOL = protocol) | (ADDRESS = address) | (DESCRIPTION = description) [option_clause]
Options_clause: =
(DISPATCHERS = integer | SESSIONS = integer | CONNECTIONS = integer | TICKS = second | POOL = {1 | ON | YES | TRUE | BOTH | ({IN | OUT} = ticks) | 0 | OFF | NO | FALSE | ticks} | MULTIPLEX = {1 | ON | YES | TRUE | 0 | OFF | NO | FALSE | BOTH | IN | OUT} | LISTENER = tnsname | SERVICE = service | INDEX = integer)
Parameter category: dynamic: ALTER SYSTEM
DISPATCHERS is used to configure the dispatcher process in the Shared Server architecture.

FIXED_DATE
Parameter type: String
Syntax: FIXED_DATE = yyyy-mm-dd-hh24-mi-ss (or a date and time value in an oracle default format)
Parameter category: dynamic: ALTER SYSTEM
FIXED_DATE is used to set SYSDATE values for solidification or dynamic changes. For example, if alter system set fixed_date = '2017-01-01 ', the results of the first select sysdate from dual query are all 2006, to set it back to the current time: alter system set fixed_date = none.

IFILE
Parameter type: parameter file
Syntax: IFILE = parameter file name
Parameter category: static
Real-time application cluster: different instances can have different set values.
IFILE indicates a parameter file of another link. The parameter file of this link is also a parameter file. I think the advantage of using this parameter is that it can be divided into multiple parameter files by different categories, such:
IFILE = COMMON. ORA
IFILE = DBPARAMS. ORA
IFILE = MEMPARAMS. ORA

LICENSE_MAX_SESSIONS
Parameter type: integer
Default Value: 0
Parameter category: dynamic: ALTER SYSTEM
Real-time application cluster: different instances can have different settings, but the total number must be less than or equal to the total number of sessions licensed of the database.
LICENSE_MAX_SESSIONS is used to set the maximum number of licensed user sessions for the instance. If the number of sessions reaches this value, only RESTRICTED is allowed.
Only users with SESSION permissions can connect to the database.

LICENSE_MAX_USERS
Parameter type: integer
Default Value: 0
Real Application Clusters: Multiple instances shocould have the same values. If different instances specify different values for this parameter, then the value of the first instance to mount the database takes precedence.
LICENSE_MAX_USERS sets the maximum number of users in the database. when the actual number of users reaches this limit, no more users can be created.

LOCK_SGA
Parameter type: Boolean
Default Value: false
Parameter category: static
Value Range: false | true
LOCK_SGA is used to set whether SGA only uses physical memory. If the value is true, only physical memory is used. If the value is false, you can use the virtual memory of the Operating System (virtual memory is a technology used by the operating system to use disk space as memory ).

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST _ n
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE _ n
LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES
LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST
LOG_ARCHIVE_START
LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE
The preceding parameters are related to log archiving. These parameters are very important. For more information, see my previous article: Chapter 8 repeat oracle database architecture 4: Process Structure of Oracle instances and the introduction of archived logs in oracle official reference documents.

LOG_CHECKPOINT_INTERVAL
LOG_CHECKPOINT_TIMEOUT
The above two parameters are about checkpoints. Please refer to my previous article: Chapter 8 re-describing oracle database architecture 4: Oracle instance process structure

LOG_CHECKPOINTS_TO_ALERT
Parameter type: Boolean
Default Value: false
LOG_CHECKPOINTS_TO_ALERT is used to set whether to write the checkpoint log to the alert file.

MAX_DISPATCHERS
Parameter type: integer
Default Value: 5
Parameter category: static
MAX_DISPATCHERS is used to set the maximum number of DISPATCHER in the Shared Server architecture.

MAX_DUMP_FILE_SIZE
Parameter type: String
Syntax: MAX_DUMP_FILE_SIZE = {integer [K | M]}
Default Value: UNLIMITED
Parameter category: dynamic: alter system, ALTER SESSION
Value Range: 0 to UNLIMITED
MAX_DUMP_FILE_SIZE is used to set the maximum file size of the trajectory file.

MAX_ENABLED_ROLES
Parameter type: integer
Default Value: 20
Parameter category: static
MAX_ENABLED_ROLES is used to set the maximum number of roles that a user can have at the same time. In fact, the valid color of a user is 2 + MAX_ENABLED_ROLES, because each user has two valid roles by default, one being public and the other being user-specific.

MAX_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS
Parameter type: integer
Default Value: MAX (30, TRANSACTIONS/TRANSACTIONS_PER_ROLLBACK_SEGMENT)
Parameter category: static
Value Range: 2 to 65535
MAX_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS is used to set the maximum rollback segment in SGA.

MAX_SHARED_SERVERS
Parameter type: integer
Parameter category: static
MAX_SHARED_SERVERS is used to set the maximum number of shared servers in the Shared Server architecture.

OPEN_CURSORS
Parameter type: integer
Default Value: 50
Parameter category: dynamic: ALTER SYSTEM
Value Range: 1 to 4294967295
OPEN_CURSORS is used to set the maximum number of cursors that a session can open at the same time.

PROCESSES
Parameter type: integer
Parameter category: static
PROCESSES is used to set the total number of PROCESSES of an instance, including server PROCESSES, background PROCESSES, and task PROCESSES.

REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE
Parameter type: String
Syntax: REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE = {NONE | SHARED | EXCLUSIVE}
Parameter category: static
This parameter is used to set the password file verification method. For details, see my previous article: Article 4 "SYS user verification".

SESSIONS
Parameter type: integer
Default Value: (1.1 * PROCESSES) + 5
Parameter category: static
SESSIONS is used to set the maximum number of SESSIONS that can be created by the system.

SGA_MAX_SIZE
Parameter type: Big integer
Syntax: SGA_MAX_SIZE = integer [K | M | G]
Parameter category: static
SGA_MAX_SIZE is used to set the SGA size of the instance.