"Selenium" XPath syntax (i)

XPath uses a path expression to pick a node or set of nodes in an XML document. A node is picked up either along a path or a step (steps).

We will use this XML document in the following example.

<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "iso-8859-1"?><bookstore><book> <title  lang= "Eng" >Harry potter</title>  <price>29.99</price></book><book>  <title lang= "eng" > Learning xml</title>  <price>39.95</price></book></bookstore>

The most useful path expressions are listed below:

class= xl64 "width=" "346" > selected from the root node.

expression
nodename	Select all child nodes of this node.
/
//	Select the section in the document from the current node that matches the selection Points, regardless of their location.
Select the current node.
Select the parent node of the current node.
@	select Properties.

In the table below, we have listed some path expressions and the results of the expressions:

Instance

In the table below, we have listed some path expressions and the results of the expressions:

Path Expression	Results
Bookstore	Selects all child nodes of the bookstore element.
/bookstore	Select the root element bookstore. Note: If the path starts with a forward slash (/), this path always represents the absolute path to an element!
Bookstore/book	Selects all book elements that belong to a child element of bookstore.
Book	Selects all book child elements, regardless of their position in the document.
Bookstore//book	Selects all book elements that belong to descendants of the bookstore element, regardless of where they are located under bookstore.
@lang	Select all attributes that are named Lang.

predicate (predicates)

To find a particular node or a node that contains a specified value.

The predicate is embedded in square brackets.

Example

In the table below, we list some path expressions with predicates, as well as the results of expressions:

path expression	result
/bo OKSTORE/BOOK[1]	selects the first book element that belongs to the bookstore child element.
/bookstore/book[last ()]	selects the last book element that belongs to the bookstore child element.
/bookstore/book[last ()-1]	selects the penultimate book element that belongs to the bookstore child element.
/bookstore/book[position () <3]	selects the first two book elements that belong to the child elements of the bookstore element.
//title[@lang]	selects all the title elements that have properties named Lang.
//title[@lang = ' eng ']	selects all title elements that have the Lang attribute value of Eng.
/bookstore/book[price>35.00]	selects all book elements of the bookstore element, and the value of the price element must be greater than 35.0 0.
/bookstore/book[price>35.00]/title	selects all the title elements of the book element in the bookstore element, where p The value of the rice element must be greater than 35.00.

Select Unknown node

XPath wildcard characters can be used to select unknown XML elements.

wildcard characters	Description
*	Matches any element node.
@*	matches any attribute node.
Node ()	Matches any type of node.

Instance

In the table below, we list some path expressions and the results of these expressions:

Path Expression	Results
/bookstore/*	Selects all child elements of the bookstore element.
//*	Selects all elements in the document.
Title[@*]	Select all the title elements with attributes.

Select several paths

By using the ' | ' in a path expression operator, you can select a number of paths.

Example

In the table below, we list some path expressions and the results of these expressions:

Path Expression	Results
Book/title | Book/price	Selects all the title and price elements of the book element.
Title | Price	Selects all the title and price elements in the document.
/bookstore/book/title | Price	Selects all the title elements of the book element that belong to the bookstore element, and all the price elements in the document.

"Selenium" XPath syntax (i)