Root filesystem for Linux (i)

root file System: contains the main programs and data that make the Linux system run, when the kernel starts, it will look for the root file system on the storage device, and the root filesystem will be mounted on the "/".

Location of the root file system:

The root file system is stored in flash memory.

Flash memory is divided into several partitions, the first partition, the second partition, the third partition and so on.

First Partition: Used to store the Linux kernel image file (stored in a separate partition).

Second partition: Used to store the root file system

Third Partition: Store other ordinary file system (operating system does not depend on the third partition)

Directory structure description of the Linux root file system:

The root filesystem complies with the FHS standard (Filesystem Hierarchy standards, file system hierarchy Standard)

Bin directory: Stores basic commands that users can use.

Sbin directory: Store the commands used by the system administrator.

Boot directory: holds static files used by the boot loader

Root directory: Root user's Directory

Home directory: User directory for each ordinary user, there is a subdirectory under the/home directory with the same name as the user name, where the user-related configuration files and private files are stored.

ETC Directory: A variety of system configuration files are stored

Dev directory: Storage of device files and some special files

Opt Catalog: Store additional software in this directory

MNT directory: Temporary file system mount directory used to mount a file system that is temporarily needed

LIB directory: storing shared library files and some driver modules

Proc Directory: is an empty directory, as the proc file system mount directory, proc file system is a virtual file system, it exists in memory, proc file system directory and files are temporarily generated by the kernel.

TMP directory: is an empty directory that is used to hold temporary files. Some programs that need to store temporary files will use the/tmp

USR directory: Store shared, read-only files and programs. Files in this directory can be shared by multiple users.

var directory: Store variable files, such as log files, logs, and temporary files.