Several common Linux commands and common Linux commands
Ls
Purpose: view files in the directory
Format: directly view the current directory by ls, or the ls parameter/directory name.
Parameter:-l View Details
-A: Show Hidden Files
. Indicates the current directory
.. Parent directory
-G: Mark different types of files with different colors (commonly used in mac OS, ubuntu default ls = ls-G)
Pwd
Purpose: view the path
Format: directly view the current path through pwd or the pwd directory name.
Cd
TIPS:
Cd or cd ~ Return to/home
Cd-Return to the last switched directory
Cd/return to the root directory
Date
View system time
Hwclock
View bios time
Shutdown command:
Shutdown
Format: shutdown Parameter
-R restart (-r + minutes) (-r now)
-H Shutdown (-h + min) (-h now)
-C command to cancel Shutdown
Init
Function: switches the system level.
Format: init 0-6
Init 0 is used to immediately switch the system running level to 0, that is, shutdown
Init 6 is used to immediately switch the system running level to 6, that is, restart
Reboot
Restart
Runlevel
View the current system running level
Switch to the graphic interface on the Character interface:
1. startx
Only the graphic interface is started, and the system running level is not switched
2. init 5
Switch system running level
! $ Last parameter of the previous command
Echo prints the value or string of a variable.
Create an empty file
Touch file name. Extension (no extension can be added)
Terminal screen clearing
Ctrl + L
Create an empty folder
Mkdir file name (make directory)
Mkdir-p/root/1/2/3/4/5 and the-p parameter can be used to directly create a path.
Copy a file
Cp
-R: copy the entire folder (the source folder will be created under the target directory)
Eg cp-r/etc // root/copy the entire etc to the root
-R./* Copy all files in the entire folder (the source folder is not created)
Eg cp-r/etc/*/root/copy all files under etc to the root
Delete
Rm-rf file or directory name
-R recursively Delete (delete all files in directories and directories)
-F force Delete
If the-r parameter is not added, the system will prompt that the directory cannot be deleted.
If the-f parameter is not added, you will be asked if you want to delete it.
Rename/move
Mv Source Target
View hard disk usage
Df-h
View the current mounting status
Mount