Summary of the learning of Linux system (I.)

Just started to contact with the Linux system, so in the study of some hazy, but still very serious study finished. Below I will my learning process and personal sentiment to summarize my learning process.

This chapter is a total of 17 Knowledge points, mainly: Linux system basic Introduction, how to learn good Linux and simple commands and shortcut keys. First of all, we need to learn Linux, it is impossible to install the real Linux on their own PC, we need to install a virtual machine, and then install our Linux on the virtual machine, so that can reduce the time and our own computer damage. I chose ( : Http://pan.baidu.com/s/1sjsUrnR Span style= "TEXT-INDENT:2EM;" >); second I used CentOS 6.5 32-bit ( : http://pan.baidu.com/s/1nthzct7).

after installation is like W Indows like, ready to start using, but Linux and windows are different, need to do some simple settings to fully use, that is, the configuration of IP, which is the biggest problem I have encountered. There are two methods: manual configuration and Automatic acquisition. Automatic IP acquisition requires DHCP service in the network environment where Linux is located. You need to run the command: dhclient; then run: Ifconfig-eth0 view your network card, you can know what your IP is. Since I am using the campus network, the manual setting is somewhat different (using NAT for Internet access). The process is roughly as follows: 1. Set up NAT on the virtual machine. First open virtual machine-Virtual network Editor-change settings-check Vmnet8-nat mode-right NAT settings-gateway set to 192.168.200.3-OK-subnet ip:192.168.200.0-subnet mask: 255.255.255.0-OK. 2. Set the native network settings. Open Network and Sharing Center (I am Win8.1)-Change adapter settings-Check Vmnet8 right-click Properties-internet Protocol version 4 (TCP/IPV4) Properties-Set ip:192.168.200.6-subnet mask: 255.255.255.0- Default gateway: 192.168.200.3-Preferred DNS server: 192.168.200.3-OK after shutdown. 3. Set the IP of Linux on the virtual machine. First Enter: Vim  /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0, Set IP to: 192.168.200.5, subnet mask set to: 255.255.255.0, and then press ESC to enter ": Wq" to save. Then enter: vim  /etc/resolv.conf, add one line: dns1=192.168.200.3. 4. Restart the Network service: Service  network  restart. So I realized the virtual machine to go online.

Next is remote login and key authentication, because Linux is Server service, but the server is fixed in one place, and we need to manage in other places, we need to telnet. There are many tools for remote login, such as: PuTTy, SECURECRT, SSH Secure shell, etc. I chose to use putty. (:Http://pan.baidu.com/s/1gd2cizx) after downloading the installation, double-click Open in Host Name (or IP address) Input: 192.168.200.5, select Default Settings, the rest will remain the defaults, and then "OPen" can be logged into Linux. Then there is the key authentication. Open the Puttygen.exe, then you can turn the lower right corner "number of bits in a generated key" to "1024" to "2048", and then click "Generate", so start to generate the key, you can move the mouse, so that you can quickly Fast-growing into a key pair.   "Kye Passphrase:"   "Confirm Passphrase:" Is the password I set myself. Then click "Save private Key" to save the key. Then copy the long text of the key to the Linux/root/.ssh/authorized_keys , then use the command: Vi/etc/selinux/config and press "I" will selinux= Enforcing modified to: disabled. Exit save.

And then I learned that Linux has a certain level of operation and some important patterns. Linux has 7 levels, namely: 0-shutdown, 1-single user mode, 2--no nfs,3 level-command line mode, 4-reserved level, 5-graphics mode, 6-restart. The primary role of single-user mode is to resolve the forgotten root password and modify it. Rescue mode is the name of the system when the problem and then enter the rescue mode. Then there are some simple and practical commands. The CD command is used to change the directory where the user resides. For example: cd/123/; enter directory 123. This means that the CD can only be followed by directory names. The LS command is used to view the files/directories in the directory. For example: ls/root/, enter the root directory. Finally, there are some common shortcut keys. For example: Ctrl + D exit terminal, CTRL + C cancel command, CTRL + Z pause task, CTRL + L clear screen, and so on.

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Summary of the learning of Linux system (I.)