Text editor Vim

unconsciously a week of time is over, feeling unprecedented enrichment! This week learning the Vim editor is said to be important!

One. Open File

★vim +n filename After opening the file, leave the cursor at the beginning of line N, + the default tail line.

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★vim +/to search for the word filename after opening the file, leave the cursor directly at the beginning of the first line to be matched.

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★vim
-M read-only mode open file

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-D file1 file2 compare multiple files

Two. The Vim editor mode switch

Insert mode--------> Command mode

Esc

Command mode---------> Extended command mode

：

Extended Command mode--------> Command mode

Enter,esc

★ Command mode
ZZ: Save exit
ZQ: Do not save exit

Command mode Flip screen operation:

CTRL +f down one screen
CTRL +b turn up one screen
CTRL +d flip down half screen
CTRL +u flip up half screen

★ Extended Command mode:
: Q exit
: q! Force exit, discard the modifications made
: Wq Save Exit
: X Save exit

Note: wq! or x! can be forced to save and exit when the file is read-only for the current user rights (root and current file owner only)

Extended Command mode

Press ":" To enter expansion mode
Create a command prompt: On the left side of the screen at the bottom
Command: W Write (Save) disk File
Wq Write and exit
X Write and exit
Q exit
Q!! Do not save the log out, even if the changes are lost
R filename reads the contents of the file into the current file
W FileName writes the current file contents to another file
!command Execute command
R!command read-in command output

★ Address definition (Extended command mode)

#具体第 # line, for example, 2 for line 2nd
#,# from the left # represents the starting line to the right # indicates the end line

#,+# the starting line from the left # representation, plus the number of rows on the right # representation. ": 2,+3 = 2 to 5 rows
. When moving forward
$ last line
., $-1 current line to penultimate line
% full text, equivalent to 1,$

/pat1/,/pat2/
Starts from the first line that is matched to the pat1 pattern, until the end of the line that was first matched to by the PAT2

★ Find (Extended command mode)

/pattern: Looks at the end of the file from the current cursor location
? PATTERN: Finds the file header from the current cursor location

N: Same direction as command

N: Opposite direction of command

★ Replace (Extended command mode)

Format: s/What to look for/replace with content/modifiers
What to look for: Available modes
Replace with: cannot use mode, but can use \1, \2, ... You can also use "&" to refer to the entire content found in the previous lookup.
Modifier:
I: Ignore case
G: global substitution; By default, each row replaces only the first occurrence of the
GC: Global substitution, asking before each replacement
Find the delimiter in the replacement/can be replaced with other characters, such as [email protected]/[email protected]/[email protected] s#/boot#/#i

★ Multi-file Mode: Vim F1 F2 F3
: First One
: Next Next
: Last One
: Prev Before a
: Wall Save All
: Qall Quit all
: Wqall Save to exit all

★ Use multiple Windows
Multi-file Segmentation: Vim-o|-o file1 file2 file3

-O Horizontal Split

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-O Vertical Split

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Switch between multiple windows: Ctrl+w Arrow
Single File Segmentation:
Ctrl+w,s:split Horizontal Split
Ctrl+w,v:vertical Vertical Segmentation
Ctrl+w,q: Canceling adjacent windows
Ctrl+w,o: Cancel All windows
: Wqall exit

Exercise

1. Copy the/etc/profile to/tmp/directory and use the Find replacement command to remove the white space characters from the beginning of the/tmp/profile file.

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The knowledge points used in this question are:

1. Address Definition% means full

2. Format of replacement: format: s/What to look for/replace with content/modifiers

3. Use regular expressions for the content you want to find

4. To replace with a space can be used//representation

2. Copy the/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions file to the/tmp directory and add a # number to the beginning of the line beginning with each line of/tmp/functions with the find replacement command.

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Compared with the above problem, this problem to use the latter reference , but to note that the back reference when the content to be quoted must be added ()

3. Copy the/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions file to the/tmp directory, replacing the/etc/sysconfig/init in the/tmp/functions file with the/var/log.

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Answer::%[email protected]\/etc\/sysconfig\/[email Protected]\/var\/[email protected]

Parsing: This problem has many "/", for anti-aliasing can be found in the replacement of the delimiter/replaced with another, such as: @,#, in addition to find in the replacement/to be escaped

Text editor Vim