The philosophical thought and file system of Linux beginners--3.4, 3.5 notes

Source: Internet
Author: User

After 3.4 or 3.5 days of study, I have a preliminary impression of Linux.

1, the procedure generally includes four kinds of documents:

① binary files can execute files; application files in Windows such as. exe and. msi format in Linux are elf formats;

② header File/library file:. dll (dynamic linced library) dynamically linked libraries in Windows so9shared object in Linux) shared library, KO (Kenel object) kernel library, a static library;

③ Help file: That is, the user manual;

④ configuration file

2, the format of the command

The format of the general case; COMMAND OPTIONS Argumenis[parameters]

Note: Spaces must be separated from each other, without limiting the number of spaces

⑴command: The action body, process, which the command wants to perform, is divided into two categories:

① internal command: commands built into the shell

② external command: commands obtained by installing the application

The type can be used to determine the difference between internal and external commands

⑵oppons: Options The attributes used by this command during execution

Short option:-char (character) can write multiple short options at a time but there must be spaces between them, e.g.-a-l-B or-abl

Long option:--word (Word) Example:--help--list cannot merge writing

Note: Some options require additional parameters;

Some options can not be "-" boot, some command options must not add "-"

The long option for some commands uses a "-"

⑶argumenis[parameters]: Parameter the Action object executed by this command

Some commands can have multiple parameters, but they must be separated by a space

Note: commands, options, and parameters must be separated by a space when writing.

Some commands can be swapped at the time of writing, and the options and parameters

The components in the command must be case-sensitive (file system strict requirements)

3. Get the use of commands help

First distinguish inside and outside commands, internal command: Help command

External command: ⑴ using--help

⑵man (Manual) Handbook

⑶info command: Get an online help document for commands

⑷ many programs have their own Help documentation

⑸ Document information in the relevant site site

Official site of the ⑹ program issuer

⑺ Search Engine Reference books

4, the philosophical thinking of Linux

⑴ All documents: Linux almost all the resources are abstracted into file form, even hardware, network communications using sockets and pipelines are so

⑵ is composed of a small number of functions, but it can accomplish complex tasks.

⑶ to avoid direct interaction with users and to automate task implementations in a programmatic way

⑷ using a plain text file to maintain program configuration information

5. The hierarchical standard of hfs--directory division

Bin: Ordinary user-accessible commands for normal operation

Boot: A static file that boots the operating system

Dev:device Devices: ① block devices: Devices that enable data storage (random access)

② character devices: Devices that enable data transfer and data processing (sequential access) The display is a character device

ETC: Storage System configuration file dedicated to the host

Home: The root of the common user home directory

LIB, lib64: directory where shared library files are stored

Media, mount point for removable devices

MNT; temporary file system mount point

opt; The third-party application installation directory, which used to be a popular part of the farm, is now basically under/user.

Root; home directory for super users

Sbin: A management class command that only the root user can execute

SRV: Storage of various service data provided by the system

TMP: Temp file directory periodic cleanup

User; third-party program installation directory, second root of Linux

/user/local: For compiling and installing third-party applications

/USER/SRC; Store program source code

var; changeable data

Pseudo file system, managing data in memory: proc:process

Sys;system

6. File type

Use the file command to see exactly what type of files you can view

The philosophical thought and file system of Linux beginners--3.4, 3.5 notes

Related Article

Contact Us

The content source of this page is from Internet, which doesn't represent Alibaba Cloud's opinion; products and services mentioned on that page don't have any relationship with Alibaba Cloud. If the content of the page makes you feel confusing, please write us an email, we will handle the problem within 5 days after receiving your email.

If you find any instances of plagiarism from the community, please send an email to: info-contact@alibabacloud.com and provide relevant evidence. A staff member will contact you within 5 working days.

A Free Trial That Lets You Build Big!

Start building with 50+ products and up to 12 months usage for Elastic Compute Service

  • Sales Support

    1 on 1 presale consultation

  • After-Sales Support

    24/7 Technical Support 6 Free Tickets per Quarter Faster Response

  • Alibaba Cloud offers highly flexible support services tailored to meet your exact needs.