Recently the WIN8 system had 2503 errors when installing node. js and ArcGIS Software, and later discovered that it was Win8 's permission system. The solution may seem primitive, but it works:
1) go to the C:\windows\installer path and locate the MSI for the installer. If your installation package does not extract the MSI files to this path, copy the corresponding MSI and CAB files to this path, such as the installation program for ArcGIS.
2) Open the CMD program as an administrator
3) Enter "C:\windows\installer\xxx.msi" on the command line and return. As can be seen by the following, if your MSI Installer is not under C:\windows\installer this path, command execution will fail, so if your program decompression path is not here, you should copy it to this path and then perform the installation.
So to summarize this is still a problem with the operating system permissions, even if your current user is an administrator. The 2503 error can be resolved by opening CMD with administrator privileges and then executing the MSI installer under the C:\windows\installer path.