China's Gini coefficient exceeds the income distribution imbalance of the warning line

It is generally believed that the Gini coefficient exceeds 0.4, indicating that wealth has been excessively concentrated in the minority, and China's Gini coefficient is over 0.5.　　The Xinhua news agency expert: raises "the tax" the starting point greatly, cancels the low income person's tax payment, lets the wealthy person provide the social peace to compensate. The World Bank report shows that 5% of the population of the United States has 60% of the wealth, while China's 1% of households have the national wealth of 41.4%.　　China's wealth is even more concentrated than the United States, becoming the world's most polarized country.　　From 1997 to 2007, the proportion of Chinese workers ' compensation to GDP fell from 53.4% to 39.74%, the proportion of corporate surplus to GDP rose from 21.23% to 31.29%, while in developed countries, the proportion of workers ' compensation to GDP was more than 50%. After more than 30 years of reform and opening-up, China's economy continued to grow rapidly.　　However, because of the four unbalanced income distribution in the long run, the contribution rate of consumption expenditure to GDP has been declining, and the domestic demand and consumption have caused our country to rely excessively on the external market, which has reduced our country's economic security and long-term development potential, even has already affected the social stability.　　Four manifestations of imbalance of income distribution the government accumulates more and more of the wealth, and the proportion of personal income is less and less in China, the amount of funds under the "Government deposit" project rose from 1999 to 1,696,384,000,000 Yuan in 2008, soaring 9.5 times times. According to the concept of developed countries, if the government can not spend so much money should not collect so many taxes, the people give money to the government is to allow the government to spend money to serve the people. However, all levels of government in our country have saved a large amount of deposits, becoming a consumer, and the local government also through the role of "seller", gathered a large number of land sales. Statistics show that the "Government deposits" project under the amount of funds from the 178.5 billion yuan in 1999 to rise to 1,696,384,000,000 yuan in 2008, soared 9.5 times times!　　The government's savings rate has been rising for 20 of years as the share of labor and household savings has been shrinking, and the government's big budget revenue accounts for almost 30% of national income, combined with extra-budgetary income, revenue from government land sales and the annual unallocated profits of central and local SOEs.　　Therefore, it appears that China's savings rate is very high, but the real people's savings accounted for is not high, according to statistics, 2007 China's corporate savings accounted for the proportion of national income from 10 before 12% rose to 23%, while the household savings account has been hovering around 20%.　　Wealth is increasingly concentrated on a small number of workers and workers in the general public income from China and developed countries hourly wage comparison, China is about 0.2 U.S. dollars, Europe and the United States is 25-30 U.S. dollars. From China and the developed countries in the hourly wage comparison, China is about 0.2 U.S. dollars, Europe and the United States is 25-30 U.S. dollars. Research shows that in China's national income distribution pattern, the laborer's compensation occupiesThe share of GDP has been falling, while the share of capital owners and governments has increased dramatically.　　From 1997 to 2007, the proportion of workers ' compensation to GDP fell from 53.4% to 39.74%, the proportion of enterprise surplus to GDP rose from 21.23% to 31.29%, while in developed countries, the proportion of workers ' compensation to GDP was more than 50%.　　According to statistics of the National Statistical Bureau, Electricity, Telecommunications, petroleum, finance, insurance, water and electricity supply, tobacco and other state-owned industries are less than 8% of the total number of workers in the country, but wages and wages outside the total amount of income is equivalent to 55% of national workers ' wages.　　The World Bank report shows that 5% of the population of the United States has 60% of the wealth, while China's 1% of households have the national wealth of 41.4%.　　The income gap between urban and rural areas is widening and farmers ' consumption is severely depressed due to the low income of most farmers, coupled with the lack of social security and health care.　　The ratio of income per capita in urban and rural areas has widened from 1.8:1 in the early period of reform to 3.33:1 in 2007. In rural areas, not only social security, health insurance coverage of small, low welfare, and long-term in the urban construction and service industry, migrant workers are also working together without the same social security and health care. As of the end of the second quarter of 2009, the country's rural migrant workers reached 151 million people, including pension insurance accounted for 15.88%, participation in health insurance accounted for 27.5%, participation in unemployment insurance accounted for 10.1%, the participation in industrial injury insurance accounted for only 33.5%. According to the home of three people, 150 million migrant workers involved 450 million people.　　Due to the low income of most farmers, coupled with the lack of social security and health insurance, consumption capacity is extremely depressed.　　The profiteering of power capital is expanding, while the profit space of the ordinary people of small and medium-sized enterprises has been squeezed. The sale of state-owned enterprises in previous years has made many powerful people gain profits, and most workers have lost their jobs or income. Due to the lag of China's institutional reform, there is no effective restriction on power, and the proportion of corrupt officials is enlarged.　　Many officials or through the approval of projects and promotion of officials to accumulate money, or in the enterprise has shares dividends, so that the company has the protection of the official unit to obtain huge profits, but the normal channel to do business with the ordinary law-abiding enterprises step-by-step difficult, the overall operational efficiency of society is greatly reduced. The sale of state-owned enterprises in previous years had led to a windfall for many of the rights, while most workers had lost their jobs or their incomes had fallen. Land sales in recent years have also been the process of a few people getting rich and most farmers are seriously deprived.　　The stock market has also become the biggest tool for widening the gap between rich and poor, through unfair distribution system, hundreds of millions of shareholders have suffered heavy losses in their life-saving property.　　The gap between the rich and the poor will make the social contradictions more sharp above the four imbalances led to the widening gap between the rich and the poor, social contradictions increasingly sharp. It is generally believed that Gini coefficient 0.4 is a cordon, once the Gini coefficient is over 0.4, indicating that wealth has been excessively concentrated in the minority, and that the country's society is in a "dangerous" state where unrest may occur. Gini coefficient in ChinaIt has risen from 0.28 in the beginning of reform and opening-up to 0.48 in 2007, and has been rising in the past two years, actually exceeding 0.5.　　The number of poor people in China is still ranked second in the world according to international standards.　　It is because of the four imbalances in income distribution that lead to insufficient domestic demand and forced to rely heavily on foreign consumption and market.　　The huge gap between rich and poor not only brings about domestic demand and consumption, brings economic risks, but also causes serious dissatisfaction of the general public and instability of social order, and urgently needs to take measures to treat the root causes.　　The 10 recommendations to ease imbalances are to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor, to make China's economic development from the serious dependence on external needs to rely on the support of domestic demand, we propose: from the system, system and policy, to carry out a larger reform, and effectively solve the wealth distribution of the four imbalances: first, improve the distribution of the tax system It is the most effective means to reduce the contradictions and disturbances of the social stratum by reducing the income and decreasing the difference between the rich and the poor. (1) Further raise the "tax" starting point, reduce the amount of tax levied by ordinary people and abolish the tax of low-income earners. (2) As soon as possible levy estate tax, property gift tax, real estate value-added tax and other taxes, so that the wealthy people to provide some compensation for social peace. (3) to the size of the non-volume, such as limited to 1 yuan to buy shares but more than 10 yuan, dozens of yuan selling shares to obtain profits, should levy a windfall tax. (4) The different grades of tax should be drawn up according to the difference of wealth and income.　　(5) The "VAT" levied from the enterprise will be changed to the "consumption tax" levied by the circulation link. Second, a substantial increase in staff income and investor income low wages have been considered to be the advantages of China's economic development, however, the 30-year low wages, so that China's wealthy become extravagant hope, even more so that China's consumer market can not be pulled. The average wage of Chinese workers is still only 6% of the average wage of American workers, and there is little social security.　　Therefore, it is necessary to greatly increase the wage income of the broad masses and raise the minimum wage standards.　　At the same time, through further reform of the IPO system, to block the largest access to the public.　　Third, variable resources to large enterprises tilt to the small and medium enterprises.　　Accelerate the process of social security and health care reform, and relieve the worries of people's consumption.　　To strengthen the establishment of modern charitable organizations to help vulnerable groups.　　Six, the monopoly industry high income and executive pay control in a reasonable category. Vii. reduce government expenditure substantially, and spend some of the expenditure on huimin.　　According to statistics, 2007 China's government expenditure accounted for 29% of the revenue, the United States 9%, Europe for 5%.　　Viii. perfecting the national rules and evaluation indexes of cadres.　　To restrain the government and the people to fight for the benefit effectively.　　Ten, the political reform should have substantial progress. What is the Gini coefficient the economic implication is that the portion of income that is used for uneven distribution in total resident income is the percentage of total revenue. The Gini coefficient is maximum "1", and the minimum equals "0". The former means that the income distribution between residents is absolutely uneven, that is, 100% of the income is a unit of people full, while the latter represents an absolute average of income distribution among residents, that is, full equality of income between people, without any difference. But these two situations are only in the theoretical absolute form, in the real life generally does not appear.　　Therefore, the actual value of the Gini coefficient can only be between 0-1. (according to the economic reference newspaper, author Congyaping, Li Changju, Research Center for World Issues, Xinhua)