International Sailing day, sailing and meteorology how much do you know about these little friends?

The "Weather Bottle", a popular online gift, was the masterpiece of the voyage by the meteorologist's captain. Many years of weather conditions such as thunderstorm, fog, typhoon and cold wave, sea ice and so on have become the important basis for determining the route and making the navigation plan. Today (March 17) is the International Sailing day, small series for you to introduce navigation and meteorology of this intimate little partner.

Main meteorological conditions affecting navigation:
Thunderstorm
Thunderstorms and heavy rains tend to occur simultaneously. Thunderstorm will make the ship's electronic equipment damaged or even ineffective, even will cause the host downtime, the rudder failure, seriously endanger the driving safety. The heavy rain will reduce the visibility.
Sea fog
It is divided into four kinds of fog, water mist, evaporation mist and radiation fog. The fog caused a decrease in visibility and had a great impact on ship driving. Navigation in the fog area, even if there is radar navigation, ship collision situation still occurs.
Typhoon Hurricane
The storm and swell caused by typhoon will have adverse effects on ship sailing, docking and typhoon. It is easy to change the original state of the ship, resulting in collision, stranding, reef and even overturned. Typhoon Hurricane usually pass along with his heavy rains, storm surges also affect navigation.
Cold Wave Gale
Cold wave when the wind arrives at sea, because the sea surface friction factor is small, the wind generally can reach 7, 8, gusts even reach 11, 12, the gale will cause the port to seal the air. Cold wave winds can create a storm surge in the sea, forming a few meters high waves, a devastating impact on ships at sea.
The above meteorological conditions and the many years ' characteristics of sea and ice have become the important basis for determining the route and making the navigation plan. (Source: China Weather Network)

The main meteorological elements of the ship in the course of navigation:
Wind
Fog
Pressure
Temperature
Humidity
China actively promote maritime meteorological detection
"The People's Republic of China Meteorological Law, chapter 17th of the third section of the provisions: in the People's Republic of China, The Maritime drilling platform in the territorial sea and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China and the ships with nationality of the People's Republic of China flying on international routes shall, in accordance with relevant provisions of the State, carry out meteorological detection and report meteorological sounding information.
with the development of maritime and fishery fishing, the demand for maritime meteorological service is increasingly urgent. Our country has always attached great importance to the use of information obtained by ships and aircraft for the provision of meteorological services for the protection of Maritime and air safety, and has established a number of ships and aircraft to provide information for observation and to incorporate them into the global observing System of the World Weather Watch. However, from the current reality, this work is still very weak, the lack of observational data. It is therefore essential to further strengthen this work through the implementation of the provisions of this article. The term "ocean-going ship" as provided for in this section means a ship exceeding 500 tons for ocean-going air missions; (Source: China Meteorological newspaper)

Nautical weather anecdote
A popular online gift-"weather bottle" is the masterpiece of the meteorologist's captain
at the beginning of the "weather Bottle", a man named Robert Fitzroy, the captain of the meteorologist, determined the formula and used it to observe the weather. In the middle of the 19th century, meteorology was mainly used in sailing or fishing, and meteorology was recognized for avoiding economic losses and casualties caused by storms. "Weather Bottle" was first born its name is called "Storm Bottle" (Storm Glass). The Magic "weather Bottle" was used in Darwin's famous voyage with the Beagle. The basic formula of the "weather bottle" solution includes distilled water, ethanol, camphor, potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride. As the environment changes, the solution does produce crystallization, and the crystalline form is changing, changeable and full of beauty. When the temperature drops below 30 ℃, camphor is likely to crystallize. The cooling rate can greatly affect the crystalline shape. Crystals become snowflakes when they are cooled, and when they are slow, they tend to be needle-like. The change of crystal in the "weather bottle" can reflect the change of temperature. (Source: China meteorological daily)
Thousands of volunteers transcribed ancient nautical logs to help predict the climate
, Australia launched a call for thousands of volunteers to help transcribe the ancient nautical logs of ships entering Australian waters from the 1890s to 20th century, helping to predict the climate. The information contained therein, such as seawater temperature, will be recorded in a computerized climate record database, with a view to contributing to short-term climate predictions. This line of activity also helps to promote scientists ' understanding of bad weather and predictions of weather types, such as weather patterns during the El Niño phenomenon. These nautical logs record detailed weather factors such as air pressure, water temperature, cloud cover, and tides. (Source: China Daily)

International Maritime emission Reduction agreement two ship energy Efficiency standards 2015
The 62nd meeting of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Marine Environmental Protection Committee (MEPC62) adopted the Annex VI Amendment to the 1973 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (hereinafter referred to as "amendments"). The amendment, which will take effect from January 1, 2013, has identified two standards for energy efficiency for ships, "The new vessel Design Energy Efficiency Index" (hereinafter referred to as Eedi) and the "Energy Efficiency management Plan for Ships" (hereinafter referred to as SEEMP), which were implemented in 2015.
This is the first time in IMO history to adopt a mandatory energy efficiency standard for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions applicable to all national ships, and is the first legal document in human history specifically aimed at reducing greenhouse gases from international maritime transport. (Source: 21st Century Economics report)
The origin of international Sailing day
The International Maritime Festival, the "World Maritime Day", first appeared in 1978, as the 20 anniversary of the entry into force of the IMO Convention in November 1977, the tenth General Assembly of IMO adopted a resolution for the following year, and decided that the next March 17 would be "World Maritime Day", As a result, March 17, 1978 became the first World Maritime Day.