World Handball Day those past events

Handball originated in Europe. The late 19th century, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Denmark have similar modern handball form of the game. In 1917, Hazel, a German sports instructor in Berlin, designed a collective game for women, which was not allowed to touch each other, in a similar form to modern handball. 1919 Karl Berlin, another PE teacher in Berlin "Schelenc improved Heizel's game with a smaller ball, requiring the ball handler to run three steps before passing the ball, allowing physical contact between both parties." Germany and Austria held in 1925 The first international handball match and handball movement spread from Central Europe to Northern Europe. In the 1940s, it was introduced from southern Europe to Africa and again in the Americas and Asia in the 1950s. Handball was introduced to countries such as Eastern Europe and then to other parts of the world Rise.

The first handball game athletes to 11 people, said 11-man handball. As the game is usually carried out outdoors, also known as outdoor handball. Handball was listed as a performance at the 1928-1932 Olympic Games. The 11th Olympic Games in 1936 held in Germany, handball was listed as a race project. After the handball competition rules are not perfect and was canceled. As the 11-man handball can only be carried out outdoors, not suitable for cold in the Nordic winter. Therefore, at the beginning of the development of 11-man handball, some people in Denmark moved handball into the room to facilitate winter sports. This is the beginning of a seven-man handball. By the late 1960s, the 7-man handball replaced the 11-man handball. As the game is usually carried out indoors, 7-man handball is also called indoor handball. The 20th Olympic Games in 1972 held in Germany, handball again as the Olympic Games events.
It is said that the origin of the "handball" game and the game's content and rules are not very linked.

The Urania game, played by the ancient Greeks as described in Homer in the Odyssey, and Roman physicians from 130 to 200 AD, described the Romans' The Harpaston game, as well as the catch-up games mentioned by German lyrical poets in the poem, contain such characteristics of ancient modern "handball" games.
The prototype of modern handball movement, from the earliest similar to handball game. In 1848 Holger, a member of the Danish Sports Commission and secondary school physical education teacher, held a "Handball Match" at Ortrup No.2 School. At that time, there was a goal at each end of the court, passing both hands and shooting and named "handball". Holger Nielsen in Denmark is known as the "father of handball." Modern handball originated in Europe, there are data records, handball was launched in 1895. In 1897 an "outdoor handball" game was held in the town of Nybrog, Denmark. In 1906, Denmark published Nielsen rules of handball competition, which is the earliest emergence of the rules of handball, and from Denmark, Germany, Sweden and other countries began to gradually promote it. 2. Handball development According to historical records, 1925 Germany and Austria held the first international handball match. The following year Germany held another international handball competition.
In 1928, during the 9th Olympic Games in Amsterdam, the International Amateur Handball Federation (IAHF) was established. One of the founders was American Avery Brundage (1887.9.28 ~ 1975.5.7), who later became the fifth president of the International Olympic Committee (1952 ~ 1972).
In 1936, the International Amateur Handball Federation has 23 member countries (or regions). In 1946, with the advocacy and invitation from Denmark and Sweden, the International Federation of Handball Federation (IHF) was co-sponsored by eight countries including Denmark, Finland, France, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden and Switzerland. January 11 as the founding date.
Handball followed by Central and Northern Europe, Eastern European countries spread. It was introduced into southern Africa from southern Europe in the 1940s. In the 1950s, it was launched in the Americas and Asia and then rose all over the world. Handball in Europe has been rapidly promoted and popularized by the Nordic countries, such as: Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and other people's favorite.
However, due to the north boreal zone, northern Europe bore the influence of the weather and the seasons, and the summer time was short and the winter was long. At that time, the 11-man outdoor handball was unable to be carried out during the severe winter in Northern Europe, and people moved the handball to the interior , Began to try indoors for training and competitions. The rules of the handball have also been revised. The number of indoor handball matches is set at 7. Handball game diving diving shot and other wonderful technology, tactics increased fast break and so on.
Due to the seven-man handball is not affected by the weather, the technology is small and diverse, flexible tactics, offensive and defensive, intense competition, so the development is very rapid, popular in the world quickly. Men's 7-man Handball Championship (Indoor Handball Indoor) was held in 1938 the first, because of the war, held in 1954 until the second. Held every 3 years after the third in 1958 and once every four years after 1970. Since 1993, it has been held every two years. At present, the World Men's Handball Championship to determine the 24 teams.
Women's 7-Hand World Handball Championships, held from 1957 to December 2005 in Russia has been held for 17 sessions. The competition system is generally the same as the competition for men, with 24 teams participating.
The World Men's and Women's Handball Championships were selected in the same year (odd years), with the men's tournament generally at the beginning of the year and the women's tournament at the end of the year. Eligibility is based on the number of places allocated by ITU and obtained through qualifying contests held in all continents.
Handball history of the Olympic Games Handball is a formal Olympic Games event. At the 11th Olympic Games in Berlin, Germany in 1936, 11-man handball was first listed as an official Olympiad event, after which it was interrupted. In 1965 at the Olympic Committee held in Spain, handball re-entered the Olympic Games after a lapse of 36 years.
Men's 7-Handball was listed as an official Olympic event at the 20th Olympic Games in 1972 in the former Federal Republic of Germany in Munich. In the 21st Olympic Games held in Montreal, Canada in 1976, the women's 7-hand handball was listed as an official Olympic Games event. So far, the Olympic men's handball competition held a total of 10 sessions, the women's handball competition held a total of 8 sessions.
To participate in the Olympic Games handball competitions, need to pass the Olympic qualifiers, qualifying the specific game approach determined by the International Handicrafts. 2008 Beijing 29th Olympic Games, men and women each have 12 teams eligible for the Olympic Games.
June 23, 1928, the establishment of the International Handball Federation, it is worth mentioning that June 23 is also the Olympic Day.
International Handball Federation International Handball Federation (IHF) has been established nearly 60 years of history, during which experienced many ups and downs, the president of the International Federation has also been replaced by five. The current chairman is Egyptian Dr. Hassen? Mustafa, the Secretary-General for the Swiss Peter? Muller Matt.
International Handball Federation has always been committed to the development of handball and actively advocate the spirit of handball. It vigorously promotes handball around the world and strives to maintain the purity of handball. According to statistics, as of the end of March 2006, the International Handball Federation already has 156 member countries (including regions). There are 167 countries and regions in the world handball, about 19 million athletes, 795000 teams, all over the world on five continents. International Mobile's headquarters are located in Basel, Switzerland.
International Handball since 1972, the establishment of the Hans? Brumman trophy. It is the highest honor of the IAF and is named after Mr. Hans Brumman in honor of the second chairman of the late APF. The trophy is only awarded to the IAF member associations. The Hans? Brumman Cup is presented at the biennial Congress and given to a member association that makes a special contribution to the development of national handball and / or world handball. To date, it has been awarded to 16 countries and regions in Europe, Africa, Asia and South America.
In 1988, the best player in the world was selected by the IAF, which was co-founded by the International Handball Federation and Adidas, and has been voted 14th to date. This award mainly refers to the performance of the players in the annual performance of clubs in European countries and is produced by secret ballot.
Handball competition rules
time
Handball time is divided into upper and lower half, each for 30 minutes; the middle of the rest time is usually 10 minutes. Each team has a suspension on the second and the second half (only the possession of the ball can be obtained before the suspension of the application, the suspension of the application to the record), the suspension of time is 1 minute. If both sides draw the tie at the end of normal playing time, and the race rules require that the winner be determined, take the break in 5 minutes after the break.

The run-off consists of two 5-minute breaks with a break of 1 minute (both sides exchange venue). If the first win is still a draw, take a rest five minutes before the second runner-up. The second victory is still two 5 minutes, 1 minute break in the middle. If the second one is still a draw after the draw, will choose one goal to throw a 7-meter throw to determine the winner. That is, each of the five players on each side will be respectively followed by a foul penalty. If the tie is still a one-on-one foul penalty, the winner will be determined.
team
Only 15 players will be allowed to register for the Olympic Handball Tournament. 14 players will be enrolled in each record in the competition. All players should comply with the principle of substitutions in the substitution zone, if they violate this rule, the offenders will be fined for two minutes. During the match, there are 7 players on the pitch, of which 6 are field players and there must be 1 goalkeeper on the court. A player who is considered a goalkeeper can become a player on the field at any time, and players in the field can also serve as goalkeepers at any time. Goalkeeper clothing color to be significantly different from the field team members number unchanged.
At any time during the game no more than seven players on the field, the remaining seven candidates for the bench, you must sit on the bench. Sitting on the bench there are team officials, such as team leader, coach, team doctor, the total number of not more than 4 people. One of the team officials must designate "Team Leader" and only allow the officer to speak with the Timekeeper / Recorder, or to speak to the referee if necessary.
Team officials are not permitted to enter the venue without permission, as violations of this rule will be punished as non-sports ethics. The number of handball players is 1 to 20. The rules do not specify which number an athlete must use, but by convention the goalkeeper usually uses numbers 1, 12 and 16.
Major penalties Handball rules, only allow the goalkeeper to enter the goal area, both sides do not allow offensive and defensive players into the goal area to profit. However, the offensive player in the completion of the shooting action, the ball into the goal after the shot or defensive player in the case of no profit, the goal area can be without penalty.
Violation of handball rules, allowing offensive players to take the ball to go 3 steps, after dribbling can take 3 steps, the ball can not exceed 3 seconds. If violated, will be sentenced to illegal. Handball competition, the two sides replaced without the record desk and the referee allowed, as long as compliance with the substitutions in the area, the first principle can be followed. If violated, then the offenders will be fined for 2 minutes, and other players can not be replaced within the penalty time.
Fouls Handball rules allow defenders to defend with open arms, hand-held hands to each other's hands, but fists are not allowed to hit each other's hands. The defender can physically block each other's possession of the ball or not, and can use the curved arm to reach the offensive player from the front. But does not allow the use of push, pull, hold, hit, hit, trip and other movements, do not allow the intention to each other who throws.
Penalties for handball competition rules foul penalty action the most important feature is mainly reflected in the principle of gradual escalation. To take foul acts, the degree of penalty should be gradually increased.
Handball rules of the game, there are four kinds of punishments for athletes foul: warning, penalty appearances 2 minutes, cancel the qualifications, dismissed. According to the circumstances of the foul, can be awarded to the other free kick or 7 meters ball. The handball game is jointly held by two referees with equal powers. The referee uses 18 standard gestures in the spot.
2004 Athens Olympic Games handball rules rules of handball
Modern rules of handball date back to 1917, but the initiator was 1912 Hirschman. In 1912, as a senior FIFA official, he urged the football team to participate in handball in the absence of a match in order to maintain their status. Therefore, there are naturally many rules similar to soccer rules in handball rules. Free throw instead of free kick, throw penalty instead of kick. However, handball and football rely on the same skills and accurate coordination to win.
The handball game is fast-paced, with seven players in each team passing the ball, grabbing the ball, hitting the goal and scoring more goals. Each game points on the second half of each 30 minutes, the middle of 10 minutes of rest. On the start, a player standing on the center of one foot and passing the ball to his teammates in the backcourt showed that each team had to enter each other's area. Catching teammates should be at least 3 meters away. Serve once for each goal and for the second half. Offensive team members must try to cheat the goalkeeper into the ball three meters wide and two meters high goal. However, no goalkeeper can enter a 6-meter radius goal area.
Handball requirements apart from the lower leg and foot, players can use each part of the body catch the ball. Players can not run the ball, but have to shoot the ball or pass the ball to their teammates. Three is a magic number in handball. Each player in the pass, shoot the ball or shot before the ball can only stop in the hand up to 3 seconds; each person can only take three steps after the ball; if the ball took a shot, then you can walk three more steps; three meters It's also a point to throw a penalty.
Free kick is the lightest foul penalty, such as player ball violation. Free kick penalty players can handle the ball, but under normal circumstances players have chosen to hit the door. The free throw lineman must make a free throw at the foul location, except in the Free Line, which is an arched area 9 meters away from the goal. In this case the free-throw line player must retreat to the free line, allowing defensive players to retreat to the ball 3 meters away from the place of defense, but must stand outside the goal area. A penalty is to punish a serious foul, such as illegal blocking, the defensive player the ball back to the goal area, the goalkeeper catch the ball and so on. Penalty point in front of the goal 7 meters, only the goalkeeper alone defense. Proper blocking is allowed. Grab the ball players can block other players with the rest of the body. However, stealing a ball or playing a ball from the other party is not allowed.
Handball qualifying rules If the ball is out of the sideline, it is played by the team that did not touch the ball before leaving the line. Out of the baseline, the same corner. If the game is interrupted for some reason then like a basketball game that fight. Handball court is 40 meters long and 20 meters wide. The midline divides the course into two parts with a goal zone on each side. The goal area is D-shaped, with the center 6 meters from the bottom. Bow so that the goal line closest to the goal of each place 6 meters. The circumference of the ball is 58-60 cm (man), 54-56 cm (woman), 425-475 g (man), 325-400 g (woman).
Handball Goalkeeping Goalkeepers do not have the number of touches in the goal area and have the number of ball-walking restrictions. The goalkeeper can touch the ball with any part of the body, including the foot. Players are warned of fouls or penalties for a two-minute yellow card; if the red card is disqualified, two minutes later, a substitute player can play; the most serious penalty is the expulsion, so there can be no player appearances. Each team has five substitutes that can be substituted at any time, with a one minute pause per team per halftime.
The 19th World Handball Championship World Handball World Handball Day
May 6, the 19th World Handball Championships press conference was held in Nanjing Wuhuan Building. Meng Wei, deputy director of Handball and Softball Management Center of State Sport General Administration, Zhou Xu, deputy director of Sports Bureau of Jiangsu Province, Hoffman, director of ITU Handball Competition, director of production of WTV in Europe and more than 20 from the whole country and Jiangsu Province Home news media attended the press conference.
In another 213 days, 24 women's handball teams from the five continents of the world, representing the highest level in the world, will gather in Jiangsu Province, China to participate in the 19th World Women's Handball Championships. This is the first world-class women's handball tournament held in our country. Organized by the International Handball Association, the Handball Association of China and the Jiangsu Provincial Sports Bureau will host the competition in six cities of Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Yangzhou and Zhangjiagang from December 5 to December 20, day.
The World Handball Championship is a traditional sports event of high specification, big impact and large number of participants. It is held every two years with a high degree of global attention. In Europe, Africa and West Asia are second only to football. By then, the world, especially the European sports media will focus on the World Championships. According to the official statistics of the Men's Handball World Championships held in Germany in 2007, more than 1300 countries and territories have broadcast the games and more than 1,300 registered media have applied for the competitions. In 2009, when the Croatian Men's Handball World Championships were held, there were about 1,420 hours of global television broadcasts and a total of 1.58 billion television viewers. About 293 million people watched live broadcasts and handball matches were also on the news channels of many countries.
China has successively bid for the women's handball world championship three times, the first two unsuccessful attempts due to various reasons. In August 2006 in Germany, the International Handan council, the third time on behalf of our country's bid, won the International Federation of handicap Council Widely agreed, get the right to host. This is also the second time for the women's handball world championships held outside Europe.
The female hand world championships will be the first preliminaries in the four division, each division 6 teams 7 days of group round robin (including 2 days rest), decided to enter the semi-finals of the top three. Rematch points 2 Division, each division 6 teams for 5 days of the round robin (including 2 days rest), decided to go out to the semifinals. The semi-finals cross-elimination, the winner into the final. After the semi-finals, two teams from the last four teams made the same tournaments with 5-12. According to the latest rules of the International Handicrafts, a total of 12 teams from the 3 teams after the preliminaries participated in the chairman's cup and decided 13-24.
The International Handball Association, the only agency in the world leading the campaign, was founded in 1946 and has 159 member associations as of 2007. China started to promote handball in 1957 and joined the International Handball Federation in 1979. There are currently 22 handball teams for men and women. The national women's handball team has participated in 10 world championships since 1986, the best ranking is the 8th in 1990.
Women's World Championships to stop in Jiangsu, China will further promote the popularity of handball in Jiangsu and the country as a whole, promote Jiangsu's sports career, and demonstrate the good image of Jiangsu's economic development, social progress and people's livelihood and enhance the visibility of Jiangsu Province. This publicity 30 years of reform and opening up the great achievements of our country to promote material civilization and spiritual civilization in the region; the same time, promote the world handball culture, strengthen our sports athletes and the world's strong hand exchange, enhance friendship and enrich the public amateur cultural life, to build Harmonious society to contribute.