A Brief Introduction to the Linux operating system

Article Title: A Brief Introduction to the Linux operating system. Linux is a technology channel of the IT lab in China. Includes basic categories such as desktop applications, Linux system management, kernel research, embedded systems, and open source.

People who often learn computer science must be very familiar with Microsoft. Microsoft, a giant, is overwhelmed by many open-source communities. However, if there is oppression, there will be resistance. As a result, the Linux operating system was very cautious. Do you know about the Linux operating system? Do you know its history? Here we will explain for you:

So what is Linux?

Linux has two different meanings. From a strict technical definition, Linux refers to the kernel of an open-source Unix operating system. However, most people use it to represent the entire Linux kernel-based operating system. In this sense, Linux refers to an open-source Unix operating system that includes the kernel, system tools, a complete development environment, and applications.

It is a powerful and stable operating system that supports multiple users, multi-process, and real-time features. It can run on x86 PC, Sun iSCSI, Digital Alpha, 680x0, PowerPC, MIPS, and other platforms. It can be said that Linux is currently the most operating system running on hardware platforms ., however, it is mainly intended for Intel PC hardware platforms. So we can also say that Linux is a complete implementation of Unix on a PC.

Linux history

How did Linux develop?

The earliest Linux program was developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991. He was a 23-year-old student in the Computer Science Department at the University of Helsinki, Finland. Initially, he wrote a program to handle multi-task switching in the 80386 love Band mode in the Minix environment in assembly language, later, inspired by Minix (a very small Unix operating system written by Professor Andy Tanenbaum, mainly used for operating system teaching), I came up with an idea to write a Minix better than Minix, so I started to write some hardware device drivers, a small file system ,......, so a few months later, the 0.0.1 version of Linux came out. In fact, Linus began to name this system "freax ".

But he dumped all the source code to the Linux (Linus Minix) directory in Finland's largest ftp site, later, the Linux name was accepted and retained. We know that the software is theoretically complete or basically no fault. We can see that the 1.0 version was quite simple at this time.

It only has a tough prototype of the operating system kernel, and cannot even run. You must compile it on a Minix machine before using it. Therefore, this version has never been officially released. At this time, Linus is totally fascinated by the development of this system, and he will definitely leave Minix alone. So in October 5, 1991, he published Linux 0.0.2 in the world, and published the message Linux 0.0.2 In the comp. OS. minix news discussion group. Many programs can be run in this version. Bash (the GNU Bourne Again Shell-a software used to communicate with the operating system kernel), gcc (gnu c compiler), GNU-make, sed, and compress.

Since version 0.02, more and more people are involved in the development of the system, so the development of Linux is getting faster and faster. After more than a year, Linux1.0 came out in 1994. Linus Toralds announced at this year's Linuxworld professional conference that Linux could be upgraded to version 2.4.x in the middle of this year. We know that Linux is evolving over the Internet, basically, there is a new version every few months. It is very difficult to locate the current version because the third digit changes too quickly. Let's look at 2.4.x. What does it mean?

Linux versions are more complex than other software versions. They are divided into two types: kernel version and distribution (distribution ). The latest kernel version is 2.2.x: The most common version is Slackware3.5RedHat6.0 and Turbolinux4.0. In fact, the released version sold on the market is a large Linux software package, it is quite different from the kernel version. The release version is independent of the system kernel version. For example, Slackware3.5, RedHat6.5, and Debian1.3.

In Linux, the other half day of the operating system is supported.