Build httpd cache server with varnish

Varnish how to store cached objects:

File: Single document; persistence mechanism not supported;

malloc: Cached in memory;

Persistent: file-based persistent storage (not recommended in this way)

VCL: Configure caching mechanism of cache system; "How caching works in Threads"

First, install HTTP on VS2 and VS3

Write to the file, one of the contents is on VS2 and the other is on VS3

[[email protected] ~]# yum install http[[email protected] ~]# for i in {1..10}; Do echo "web$i on VS2" >/var/www/html/test$i.html; Done[[email protected] ~]# ls/var/www/html/test10.html test2.html test4.html test6.html test8.htmltest1.html test3. HTML test5.html test7.html test9.html[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start Httpd.service

Second, install the varnish (installed on the CENTOS7 4.0.3 version)

[email protected] ~]# Yum install varnish

Third, the varnish main program configuration file

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/varnish/varnish.params # varnish  Environment configuration description. this was derived from# the old  style sysconfig/defaults settings# Set this to 1 to make  Systemd reload try to switch vcl without restart. Reload_vcl=1# main configuration file. you probably want to change  it. varnish_vcl_conf=/etc/varnish/default.vcl     #读取vcl配置文件的位置 # default address  and port to bind to. blank address means all ipv4# and  IPv6 interfaces, otherwise specify a host name, an IPv4  dotted# quad, or an ipv6 address in brackets.# varnish_listen_address= 192.168.1.5varnish_listen_port=6081     #监听的服务端口为6081 # admin interface listen address and portvarnish_admin_ listen_address=127.0.0.1     #监听的管理地址为本机VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT =6082      #监听的管理端口为6082 # shared secret file for admin interfacevarnish_secret_file=/ etc/varnish/secret     #密钥文件位置 # backend storage specification, see  storage types in the varnishd (5) # man page for details. Varnish_storage= "file,/var/lib/varnish/varnish_storage.bin,1g"      #缓存以文件的方式的存储位置和大小 # Varnish_storage= "malooc,256m"      #以内存方式缓存, cache size is 256m# default ttl used  when the backend does not specify onevarnish_ttl=120    # Contact backend server time-out timeout # user and group for the varnishd worker processesvarnish_ user=varnish     #主进程所使User varnish_group=varnish     #主进程所使用的组 # other options, see the  MAN PAGE VARNISHD (1)      #进程选项, maximum minimum and timeout for the thread pool daemon_opts= "-p thread_pool_ Min=5 -p thread_pool_max=500 -p thread_pool_timeout=300 "

Iv. varnish command-line management tools

[[email protected] ~]# varnishadm -s /etc/varnish/secret -t  127.0.0.1:6082help      help [<command>]    # Get help information ping [<timestamp>]     #测试服务器是否正常auth  <response>      #quit                   #退出bannerstatus              #显示服务器状态信息start              #启动子进程stop               #停止子进程vcl .load <configname> <filename>      #载入哪个文件为配置文件vcl. Inline <configname> <quoted_vclstring>vcl.use  <configname>                  #使用哪个vcl文件vcl. Discard <configname>             #删除哪个vcl文件vcl .list                        #列出所有可用的vcl文件param .show [-l] [<param>]              #显示运行时参数param .set <param> <value>                 panic.show                       #显示恐慌信息, Shows the reason that the process or child process was last hung out panic.clear                                           #清除恐慌信息storage .list                                           #显示缓存信息vcl .show [-v] < configname>                          #显示vcl文件的详细信息, Backend.list [<backend_ before the VCL compiles expression>]                  #显示后端服务器列表backend. set_health <backend_expression> <state>    # Manual offline back-end server ban <field> <operator> <arg> [&& <field>  <oper> <arg>]...     #清理缓存中的缓存对象ban .list                                                #显示定义的清理缓存规则 

Access logs for varnish

[Email protected] ~]# varnishlog[[email protected] ~]# varnishtop

Varnish statistical information

[Email protected] ~]# Varnishstat

V. Description of the VCL configuration file

Http://book.varnish-software.com/4.0/chapters/VCL_Basics.html

Http://book.varnish-software.com/4.0/_images/simplified_fsm.svg

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VCL_RECV Receive request cacheable determine whether a Cacheable object Incache determine whether the result of a hash is present Vcl_hash cacheable object hash calculation Vcl_hit cache hit in Vcl_miss cache Miss Vcl_fetch get back-end content Vcl_deliver Build cache send Vcl_pipe Client request method is not a common method, directly to the backend server processing Vcl_pass do not check the cache directly from the back-end server fetch vcl_er Ror varnish directly returns an error response

Six, VCL configuration file

[[email protected] ~]# cp /etc/varnish/default.vcl /etc/varnish/test.vcl[[email  Protected] ~]# vim /etc/varnish/test.vcl # this is an example vcl  file for varnish.## it does not do anything by default,  delegating control to the# builtin vcl. the builtin vcl is  called when there is no explicit# return statement.## See  the vcl chapters in the users guide at https://www.varnish-cache.org/ docs/# and http://varnish-cache.org/trac/wiki/vclexamples for more examples.#  marker to tell the vcl compiler that this vcl has been  adapted to the# new 4.0 format.vcl 4.0;# default backend  Definition. set this to point to your content server.backend vs2 {      #定义后端主机vs2     .host =  "172.16.24.102";     .port =   ";    .probe = {    " #对后端主机的test1进行进行健康状态检测          .url =  "/test1.html";         }}backend vs3 {    .host =  "172.16.24.104";     .port =  ";    .probe = {     "    .url =  "/test1.html";         }} #import  directors;     #加载directors模块, use #sub vcl_init {    during load Balancing polling       #轮询方式的负载均衡 #    new mycluster =  Directors.round_robin (); #  &nbSp; mycluster.add_backend (VS2); #    mycluster.add_backend (VS3); #}sub vcl_recv  {    # Happens before we check if we have  this in cache already.    #    # typically  You clean up the request here, removing cookies you don ' t  need,    # rewriting the request, etc.          #url中开头带有login或者admin的直接从后端主机取结果不缓存     if  (req.url ~  "(? I ) ^/login " | |  req.url ~  "(? i) ^/admin")  {           Return (pass);    }     #url以jpg, Png,gif end of the direct distribution to VS2, the others are sent to vs3     if  (req.url ~  "(? i) \. ( Jpg|png|gif) ($ ")  {        set req.backend_hint = vs2;    } else {         set req.backend_hint = vs3;    }#     set req.backend_hint = mycluster.backend ();     #负载均衡集群 # If the client request returns 405 for the PRI, if the requested non-Get,head,put,post,trace,options,delete are sent directly to the backend host for processing     if  ( req.method ==  "PRI")  {        /* We do  Not support spdy or http/2.0 */        return   (Synth (405));    }    if  (req.method !=  "GET"  &&      req.method !=  "HEAD"  &&       req.method !=  "PUT"  &&       req.method !=  "POST"  &Amp;&      req.method !=  "TRACE"  &&       req.method !=  "OPTIONS"  &&       req.method !=  "DELETE")  {        /* non-rfc2616  or CONNECT which is weird. */         return  (pipe);    }    if  (req.method !=  "GET"  && req.method !=  "HEAD")  {        /*  We only deal with GET and HEAD by default */         return  (pass);     }    if   (req.http.authorization | |  req.http.cookie)  {        /* not cacheable by default */        return  (pass);     }    return  (hash);} sub vcl_backend_response {    # happens after we have  read the response headers from the backend.    #     # here you clean the response headers, removing silly  Set-Cookie headers    # and other mistakes your  Backend does.} sub vcl_deliver {    # happens when we have all  the pieces we need, and are about to send the     # response to the client.    #    # you  can do accounting or modifying the final object here.     #如果缓存能命中就在返回值中插入HIT, miss    inserted if missing  if  (obj.hits>0)  {        set resp.http.x-cache  =  "hit";    } else {         set resp.http.x-cache =  "MISS";    }}[[email protected] ~]#  varnishadm -s /etc/varnish/secret -t 127.0.0.1:6082vcl.load test2 test.vcl200         VCL compiled.vcl.use test2200         VCL  ' Test2 '  now active

Seven, testing

Upload a dog.jpg on VS2 and don't upload any pictures on VS3

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This article is from the "Wind" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://xsllqs.blog.51cto.com/2308669/1791225

Build httpd cache server with varnish