Build Web common software and optimization on CentOS 7

Web Building and optimization
This article is mainly for Web services, production environment will use some software, just a simple statement, if there is any wrong place, please advise, thank you!

Web-built Software: Httpd,nginx,tomcat
Agent Software: Squid,varnish
Database software: Mariadb,redis,mencache
Verify browsing: elinks-dump, Curl,firefox, etc.
View Web Network listener: NETSTAT/SS-ANPTU | grep httpd/80 Note: We recommend the use of SS, fast
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) consisting of:/HTTP Server address ": Port number"/directory/File name
Detection Web tool: AB Format: ab-c number of concurrent-N requests http://ip/Note: installation is required Httpd-tools
LNMP Note: LAMP a:apache
L:linux
N:nginx
M:MARIADB, Mariadb-server, Mariadb-devel
p:php, PHP-FPM, Php-mysql

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1. HTTP
   Package: httpd (Apache www.apache.org)
   Installation method: Yum
   Service: httpd
   Transport protocol and port: TCP 80 Note: HTTPS TCP 443 package: Mod_ssl
   Configuration file:
   Master profile:/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf Note: generally not modified
   Others:/etc/httpd/conf.d/*.conf
   Default home: index.html
   Default root directory:/var/www/html
   Start service: Systemctl restart httpd systemctl enable httpd

Configuration file Contents:
Listen Port number Note: Add a new Web port semanage port-a-T http_port_t-p TCP port number
<virtualhost *: Port number > Note: Can be based on the ports of the virtual host, as well as IP-based virtual host
ServerName Web site FQDN Note: Can be based on the domain name of the virtual host, using the most
DocumentRoot Web site root directory
Wsgiscriptalias//Website Web page Note: Requires MOD_WSGI module package
</VirtualHost>

<directory "directory path" >
Require all denied??????????????????????????????? ?//Upper directory denies any access
Require all granted//directory allows any access
Require IP IP or network segment address: .. Directory allows a small number of clients
</Directory>

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2. NGINX (Engine x)
   Package: Nginx (http://nginx.org) Note: Dependent package Pcre-devel Openssl-devel
   Installation method: Source installation Note: Dependent package gcc
   Transport protocol and Port: TCP 80 Note: When you open nginx, you need to close httpd--killall httpd
   Configuration file:/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
   Default home: index.html
   Default root directory:/usr/local/nginx/html/
   Start the service:
   /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx//Start service
   /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-s Stop//Shutdown service
   /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-s Reload//reload config file equivalent to reboot

Configuration file Contents:
server{
Listen 80; Port
server name localhost; Domain name
Location/{
root HTML; Specify site root directory
Index index.html index.htm; Default Home
rewrite/a.html/b.html; Access a.html Redirect to B.html
}
}

Nginx Reverse proxy (very important):
HTTP {
Upstream webserver {//configure Upstream server cluster pool properties
Server 192.168.2.100 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=10; Weight 1, number of failures 1, timeout 10
Server 192.168.2.200 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=10;
}
server {
Listen 80;
server_name www.aa.com;
Location/{
Proxy_pass Http://webserver; Implementing Reverse proxy functionality
}
}
}

Nginx Optimization:

Worker-processes 1; Consistent CPU cores view CPU with LSCPU
Events {
Worker_connection 65535; Maximum number of concurrent connections per worker
}
HTTP {
Server_tokens off; Do not display Nginx version number information
Client_header_buffer_size 1k; Cache of Default request header information
Large_client_header_buffers 4 4k; Cache number and capacity of Large request packet header information
gzip on;
Gzip_min_length 1000;
Gzip_comp_level 4;
Gzip_types Text/plain
}

Server {........... Omitted

Location ~*. (Jpg|jpeg|gif|png|css|js|ico|xml) $ (
Expires 30d; Define client cache time of 30 days
)
To modify the maximum number of open files on a Linux operating system
#vim/etc/security/limits.conf (Permanent configuration)

• Soft Nofile 100000
• Hard Nofile 100000
  Required settings on Linux systems (temporary settings)
  Ulimit–hn 100000
  ULIMIT–SN 100000

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3.TOMCAT
Package: apache-tomcat-8.0.30.tar.gz Note: Dependent package JDK JAVA-1.8.0-OPENJDK
Installation mode: After decompression and copy to/usr/local/tomcat/, you can use
Transport protocol and port: TCP 8080 HTTPS 8443
Configuration file:/usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
Page Catalog:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/root/
Default home: index.html
Start the service:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

Configuration file Contents:
<context path= "" docbase= "base"/>
</Host>

====================================================================

4. SQUID
   Package: Squid
   Installation method: Yum
   Transport protocols and ports: TCP 80
   Configuration file:/etc/squid/squid.conf
   Start the service:
   Systemctl start Squid;systemctl Enable squid
   Configuration file Contents:
   Http_port vhost//Set up reverse proxy
   Visible_hostname svr5.tarena.com//Set host name, default does not have this statement
   Cache_peer 192.168.2.100 Parent 0 originserver//define back-end real server information
   Cache_dir UFS/VAR/SPOOL/SQUID 200 16 256//hard disk cache, cache capacity 200M, automatically create 16 first level subdirectories and 256 levels of two subdirectories
   Http_access allow all//allows native all hosts to use a proxy server

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4. VARNISH
   Package: varnish-3.0.6.tar.gz Note: Dependent package Read-devel Pcre-devel
   Installation method: Source Installation
   Transport protocols and ports: TCP 80
   Configuration file:
   /etc/sysconfig/varnish
   /etc/varnish/default.vcl
   Start Services: Service varnish start
   Configuration file Contents:
   Vim/etc/sysconfig/varnish
   66 Line: VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80//Default port
   89 rows: varnish_storage_size=64m//define Cache size
   92 Rows: varnish_storage= "malloc,${varnish_storage_size}"//memory-based caching

Linux System Processing Process:
Mkdir/etc/varnish
cp/usr/local/varnish/etc/default.vcl/etc/varnish/
Uuidgen >/etc/varnish/secret
Vim/etc/varnish/default.vcl
Configuration content
Backend Default {
. Host = "192.168.2.100";
. Port = "80";
}

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Build Web common software and optimization on CentOS 7