Deb package in Ubuntu

In Linux systems, software is usually provided in the form of source code or pre-compiled packages. The software source code must be compiled into binary machine code by yourself. installation is time-consuming. However, you can adjust the compilation options to determine the required functions or components, or optimize your hardware platform. Pre-compiled software packages are usually compiled by the software publisher. You only need to copy the software to the system. Considering the applicability of the pre-compiled software package, the pre-compiled software package is usually not optimized for a certain hardware platform. Its functions and components

In Linux systems, software is usually provided in the form of source code or pre-compiled packages.

The software source code must be compiled into binary machine code by yourself. installation is time-consuming. However, you can adjust the compilation options to determine the required functions or components, or optimize your hardware platform.

Pre-compiled software packages are usually compiled by the software publisher. You only need to copy the software to the system. Considering the applicability of the pre-compiled software package, the pre-compiled software package is usually not optimized for a certain hardware platform. Its functions and components are also common combinations.

In Ubuntu, software is usually released as package files in the "deb" format. It is a pre-compiled software package. In addition to the compiled software, it usually includes the copy path of the software, the dependency record of other software packages, a common configuration file, and the description, version, author, category, and occupied space of the software.

The commands of the deb software package follow the following conventions:

Soft_ver-rev_arch.deb

Soft indicates the software package name, ver indicates the software version number, rev indicates the Ubuntu version number, and arch indicates the target architecture name.

Example: azureus_2.4.0.2-0ubuntu2_all.deb

Run the "dpkg" command to manage the deb software package:

Dpkg-I | -- install xxx. deb install deb Software Package

Dpkg-r | -- remove xxx. deb delete a software package

Dpkg-r-P | -- purge xxx. deb is deleted along with the configuration file

Dpkg-I |-info xxx. deb View package information

Dpkg-L xxx. deb view copy details

Dpkg-l view information about installed software packages in the system

Dpkg-reconfigure xxx Software Package Reconfiguration

Sometimes, if you use "dpkg" to install a software package, the system prompts you that the software package depends on other software packages. Then, install other software packages until the dependencies are met. Or Install multiple software packages at the same time.

Dpkg-I aaa. deb bbb. deb ccc. deb

APT

If a software dependency is too complex, using "dpkg" to install it is not a wise choice. At this time, you need to use the APT software package management system. APT can automatically check the dependency, obtain the related software package through your preset method, and automatically install and configure it. In fact, we recommend that you use the APT software package management system in most cases.

APT systems need a software information database and at least a software warehouse that stores a large number of deb packages. We call it a "Source ". The "Source" can be a network server, a CD installation, or a local software repository. Modify the "/etc/apt/sources. list" file so that the APT system can connect to the "Source ".

You can obtain a list of network installation sources on the following page, and select a fast source based on your network environment.

Http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/%E5%BF% AB %E9%80%9F%E8% AE %BE%E7%BD% AE %E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97/DapperDrake

APT systems mainly include "apt-get" and "apt-cache" commands. They are usually composite commands and contain several sub-commands.

Apt-get install xxx

-D: Download only

-F force Installation

Apt-get remove xxx uninstall xxx

Apt-get update Software Information Database

Apt-get upgrade for system upgrade

Apt-cache search software package

Tips: We recommend that you use the "apt-get update" command frequently to update your software information database.