FAQs for new linux Users

For new linux users, refer to general Linux technology-Linux technology and application information. For more information, see the following section. Author: achlice
I often see some questions from new users in the Forum (of course I am also a newbie). I have seen these questions in my previous posts.

When answering a question, I can still remember that I have answered this question. This may be something that many new users have to experience.

And I hope you can add them here. The younger brother is also a newbie, and there will inevitably be some incorrect expressions in the middle

You can also point it out. Thank you.


First, let's talk about a good scanning tool. It is said that someone in the hacker empire has used its Nmap. Later I thought that

Something is more convenient than netstat.


I. Questions about virtual machines

(1) virtual machines are installed under xp, and linux is installed on the Virtual Machine. How can we achieve file sharing between two systems.
First, you must configure the Virtual Machine network. This depends on your actual situation. For example, if my network is Intranet (DHCP gets 1

Intranet IP addresses), I will select bridging to connect directly to the physical network, so that my virtual machine will also get an intranet IP address. This way

The real host and virtual machine are in the same network. After starting the virtual machine, get the IP address, and ping the real machine to ensure that the two machines

The network between devices is connected. The following is just done:

A: file sharing through FTP is often used in freshman year. In linux, FTP software is usually installed when I install it.

VSFTP, as long as the service is started
/Etc/init. d/vsftpd start (if the service cannot be opened under windows, you may need to set fire prevention qiang. For example:

Turn it off/etc/init. d/iptables stop)
Nmap 127.0.0.1 check whether port 21 of your machine is enabled

Check the IP address of the Virtual Machine with/sbin/ifconfig. If it is 192.168.1.2, then open the browser of the real machine,


Enter the ftp: // 192.168.1.2 address above, which is logged on anonymously. If the FTP configuration file is not modified

In this way, you can only read some content, but not put something on the server. Changing the configuration file requires a little higher for new users. In fact

It is also very simple. If you are interested in baidu, you can find a lot of configuration files. But here we do not modify it. We use users in linux to log on.

For example, there is a common user test in linux. We log on to the real server with the user name. The password is the user's password. After Successful Logon, we can

Copy and paste windows objects.

Return to linux and you can see what you just put under/home/test.
On the contrary, you can also download an FTP service software under windows, and then use windows as the server, linux

For client access.

B: samba. Make sure that your system has this item installed. If you don't have it, you can do it again. This is specially used with windows

File Sharing. Generally, the default configuration file is ready for use. You only need to set a password for the user,

Smbpasswd-a test,
Add the System user to the smb User and set a password. Then start your smb server/etc/init. d/smb start
Run the IP address of the \ linux Server under windows to view the content under/home/test.

Ii. Dual-System File Sharing

One hard disk is installed with xp and linux systems. Mount it with mount,
In linux, use/sbin/fdisk-l to view the partition status of the current hard disk. The format is fat and ntfs is

Windows disks. For example, if the partition/dev/hda5 is fat32, you can
Use root to create a folder under a directory, for example, in/mnt
Mkdir new
Mount/dev/hda5/mnt/new
Then go to/mnt/new. You can see what is in your windows drive. This can be your d disk.
Click here. If you want to mount a windows disk when the linux system is started

Mount and/etc/fstab data,

Iii. How to connect to and operate on other linux instances in windows

A: Download a putty tool on the Character interface. First, make sure that your linux machine has certain services enabled, such as ssh

, Telnet (now the publisher does not seem to have added this service ),
Open the ssh service in linux,/etc/init. d/sshd start
Ssh 127.0.0.1 check whether port 22 is enabled. Sometimes you need to turn off the fire prevention qiang.
When the service is enabled, you can use putty to connect to the linux Server under windows, enter the IP address of the linux server, and then select protocol as ssh.
And then return, and then log on with a common user. To log on as a root user, modify/etc/ssh/sshd_config.
PermitRootLogin yes makes this sentence effective. It is not recommended to do this ~~
B: graphic interface. vncserver is installed under linux. You need to set a password for it during the first running.

Note: after running, the following prompt is displayed: 1 or: 2,
Then, use vncviewer in windows to connect, enter ip: 1 and press Enter. Generally, Remote Desktop can be connected

Twm manager. in linux, you can modify. vnc/xstartup in the user's home directory and change twm

For example, startkde.

The attachment uploaded below contains these two items.
4. connect to and operate windows under linux

A: On the Character interface, telnet. Enable this service in the windows service. Right-click my computer and choose manage> service.

And Application ----- service, find telnet, and enable. Then, connect to the telnet windowsip address in linux.

You can.

B: graphic interface. Download rdesktop in linux. This tool is installed. Then enable windows Remote Desktop Service
My computer --- properties ---- Allow remote connection to the computer

Enter rdesktop-a 16 windowsip and press enter on the linux terminal to view the windows

The login interface