How to configure Liunx Streaming Media Server (on)

Article Title: Teach you how to configure a Liunx Streaming Media Server (on ). Linux is a technology channel of the IT lab in China. Stream Media, including desktop applications, Linux system management, kernel research, embedded systems, and open source, is a continuous, time-based Media that uses Stream Transmission Technology on the Internet or LAN, for example, audio, video, or multimedia files. Streaming Media uses stream transmission technology to transmit audio, video, and multimedia files on the network. As a pioneer in network applications, Linux is naturally the best platform for streaming media. LAMP (Linux + Apache + MySQL + PHP/Perl/Python) has developed rapidly in recent years and has become a de facto standard for Web servers. The following explains how to configure the Liunx Streaming Media Server.

There are currently three mainstream streaming Media systems: RealMedia of RealNetworks, Windows Media of Microsoft, and QuickTime of Apple.

Real Media includes three types of files: Real Audio, Real Video, and Real Flash. Real Audio is used to transmit Audio data with almost CD sound quality, while RealVideo is used to transmit continuous video data. Real Flash is a new high compression ratio animation format released by Real Networks and Macromedia. As the earliest Internet streaming technology, RealMedia has become the de facto standard for network video/audio playback.

The core of Microsoft's Windows Media is ASF (Advanced Stream Format ). ASF is a data format. multimedia information, such as audio, video, image, and Control Command Script, is transmitted in the form of network packets to publish streaming multimedia content. The content transmitted over the network is called ASF Stream.

QuickTime is Apple's technology that can play high-quality video images on the computer, is a multimedia technology platform for professional video editing, Web site creation and CD-ROM content production and development, it is a de facto industrial standard in the digital media field. It can provide real-time digital information flows, workflows, and file playback functions through the Internet.

In Linux, the working principle of streaming media transmission is as follows: 1.

Generally, the stream transmission process includes three steps:

(1) After a user selects a first-class media service, the Web browser and the Web server use HTTP/TCP to exchange control information and obtain the real-time data to be transmitted. Then, the Web browser on the client starts the/V Helper Program and uses HTTP to retrieve relevant parameters from the Web server to initialize the Helper Program. These parameters may include the directory information, the encoding type of A/V data, or the server address related to A/V retrieval.

(2) the/V Helper Program and A/V server run the real-time stream protocol (RTSP) to exchange the control information required for A/V transmission. RTSP provides commands such as playing, fast forward, fast return, pause, and recording.

(3) A/V server uses the RTP/UDP protocol to transmit A/V Data to A/vcustomer Program (generally, it can be considered that the customer program is equivalent to the Helper Program ), once A/V data arrives at the client, the/vclient program can play the output. In stream transmission, two different communication protocols, RTP/UDP and RTSP/TCP, are used to establish contact with A/V server, this is to redirect the server output to A destination address different from the client where the/V Helper program is running.

Helix Universal Server is up to 11.0. It is added with redundant Server support and content CACHE support in earlier versions, which allows users to connect to the Server as soon as possible, and make sure that it can be automatically repaired whenever possible. In terms of multi-dimensional scaling, we can see that Helix is actually a super server, which is compatible with all common media formats, it even includes the WM format of its competitors. This article uses Helix Universal Server 11 as an example to describe how to build a Streaming Media Server in Linux.
 
I. Software Download

Before using Helix ServerHttp://licensekey.realnetworks.com/rnforms/Enter your own operating system, user name, email address, company name, website, and other information on the page. Then you can download the 30-day trial version of Helix Server. Note that the email address here must be filled in for normal use. Otherwise, the trial authorization file sent by RealNetworks cannot be received. After registration, RealNetworks will send a License Key (License Key) to your email so that you can use Helix on the server. The authorization code is in the format of a Zip package. decompress it and save it, use it when installing software. Then you can download Helix Server. The latest version is 1101.

Ii. System Requirements

First, configure an Apache-based LAMP server. In terms of software, it requires at least 2.4 kernel (Kenerl), at least 800x600 desktop resolution, and at least 16 enhanced desktop colors. Hardware core processor: Pentium III667 or above, memory 128 MB, hard disk space 600 mb, OSS/Linux compatible sound card, 16 MB Display memory.

3. Install software

1. log on to Linux X-Windows with the root permission and create a Helix directory to copy the authorization code to the directory.
# Mkdir Helix
# Cp RNKey-Helix_Server-90-1479442709717329.lic/Helix

2. Change the downloaded file name, group attributes, and group to make it an executable file.
# Chmod + x helix-server-retail-11.01-rhel4-setup.bin

3. Installation Steps
/Helix-server-retail-11.01-rhel4-setup.bin

(1) Linux operating system first let you list the authorization code storage directory: refer to the author's writing:/root/Helix/RNKey-Helix_Server-90-1479442709717329.lic
(2) then the system displays a very long authorization agreement, and press the Enter key at the end of the agreement to accept the agreement.
(3) In the Linux operating system, go to the installation directory, enter root/Helix, and press enter to continue.
(4) in Linux, you must enter the username and password of the administrator of the Helix Universal Server. Do not forget.
(5) in Linux, the system then asks you to use that port to connect to RTSP (Progressive Networks Audio ). Real-time stream protocol (RTSP) is an application-level protocol that controls the transmission of real-time data. RTSP provides an extensible framework that makes real-time data, such as audio and video, controlled and on-demand, possible. Data sources include on-site data and stored in editing. This protocol is used to control multiple data transmission connections. It provides a channel for selection of transmission channels, such as UDP, multicast UDP, and TCP, and provides a method for choosing the RTP-based transmission mechanism. Here we use the default port 554. See.

Select RTSP Port

(6) the Linux operating system then asks you to use that port to connect to the HTTP port. Suitable transmission protocols are required for stream transmission. Because TCP requires a lot of overhead, it is not suitable for transmitting real-time data. In the implementation scheme of stream transmission, HTTP/TCP is generally used to transmit control information, while RTP/UDP is used to transmit real-time sound data. Generally, the HTTP listening port is set to 8080.

(7) the Linux operating system then asks you to use that port to connect to the MMS protocol. Helix Universal Server supports MMS since version 8.0. The MMS protocol is used to access unicast content on Windows Media publishing points. MMS is the default method for connecting to the Windows Media Unicast service. If the audience type a URL in Windows Media Player to connect to the content, rather than accessing the content through a hyperlink, they must reference the stream using the MMS protocol. When you connect to a publishing point using the MMS protocol, use protocol flip to obtain the optimal connection. Protocol flip begins with an attempt to connect to the client through MMSU. MMST is a combination of MMS protocol and UDP data transmission. If the MMSU connection fails, the server tries to use MMST. MMST is a combination of MMS protocol and TCP data transmission. Generally, the value is 1755.

(8) set the system administrator control port of the Helix Server. You can set this port by yourself, but be sure not to repeat the defined port. Here I set it to 17965.

(9) The system then provides a summary list of all options. Please read carefully. After confirmation, press the "F" key to accept the settings and start installation. For more information about the configurations, see. If any problem occurs, Press Esc to go back and select again.
 

List of system settings

(10) The system automatically exits and returns to the root directory after installation.

(11) Start the server. Perform the following operations to enter the installation directory.
# Cd Helix; # cp RNKey-Helix_Server-90-1479442709717329.lic/Licence;
# Cd Bin
Rmserver/root/Helix rmserver. cfg
Helix Universal Server can be started normally.

(12) view the running status and use the command. The result is as follows .:
# Ps-ef | grep rmserver
 

Helix Universal Server process

The PID 3773 is the main process, and the other two 3776 and 3779 are subprocesses.

(13) Test the Helix Server

We recommend that you use RealPlayer10GOLD for Linux. The latest version is RealPlayer10GOLD. rpm. After installation, enter the Helix Server URL in the player address bar, for example, rtsp: // 192.168.1.16/001.rm. Rtsp indicates that the RTSP application-level protocol is used to connect to the Helix Server. 192.168.1.16 is the IP address of the Helix Server. Of course, you can also use the host name. Note: To use RealPlayer10GOLD for full-screen playback, you only need to set full-screen display, but the effect is worse. We recommend that you do not play the video in full screen mode when the transmission rate is less than kbps. Use the shortcut key Ctrl + B to quickly switch between the original size and full screen. If used with Real Procedure, you can convert the video file or VCD to an RM format file for storage. This not only reduces the file capacity, but also allows you to freely orchestrate, edit, and create DV files.

(14) Stop the Helix Server

Because the Helix Server does not provide the server stop command, you can only use the traditional "Kill" to "Kill the server process" by using the command:
# Kill 'cat./Logs/rmserver. Pi'

(15) automatically load the Helix Server at system startup

If you want to automatically load the Helix service when starting a Linux server. The method is as follows: Choose "start"> "Preferences"> "more preferences"> "session"> "Start Program"> "add"> "Start command", and specify "OK" for the browser on the right. (To be continued)