Introduction to Citrix XENDESKTOP7 XENAPP7 component Concepts

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The components in this diagram include the following:

• The Delivery controller -delivery Controller is the central management component of any XENAPP or XenDesktop site. Each site has one or more Delivery controllers installed at least on one server in the datacenter. (To achieve site reliability and availability, install the Controller on multiple servers.) The Controller consists of a number of services that communicate with the hypervisor to distribute applications and desktops, authenticate users and manage user access, delegate user connections to their virtual desktops and applications, optimize the use of connections, and load balance these connections.

  The data for each service is stored in the site database.

  The Controller manages the state of the desktop and starts/stops the desktop as needed and in the administrative configuration. In some versions, the Controller allows profile Management to be installed in a virtualized or physical Windows environment to manage user personalization.

• databases -each XENAPP or XenDesktop site has at least one Microsoft SQL Server database that stores all configuration information and session information. This database stores the data that is collected and managed by the services that comprise the Controller. Install this database in the datacenter and make sure that the database is permanently connected to the Controller.

• virtual Delivery Agent (VDA) -vda are installed on individual physical computers or virtual machines that are intended for use by users in the site. It allows the computer to register with the controller, which in turn allows the user to be provided with the computers and resources it hosts. The VDA establishes and manages the connection between the computer and the user's device, confirms that the Citrix license is available to the user or session, and applies any policies that have been configured for the session. The VDA passes the session information to the broker Service in the Controller through the broker Agent contained in the VDA.

  XenApp and XenDesktop contain vdas for Windows servers and desktop operating systems. Vdas for Windows server operating systems allow multiple users to connect to the server at the same time. The VDA for the Windows desktop allows only one user to connect to the desktop at a time.

• StoreFront -storefront can authenticate users of a site hosting resources and manage the storage of desktops and applications that users access. It hosts the Enterprise App Store, giving users self-service access to the desktops and applications that you provide to them. It also tracks user application subscriptions, shortcut names, and other data to ensure a consistent experience across multiple devices.

• Receiver -installed on user devices and other endpoints, such as virtual desktops. Citrix Receiver enables users to quickly and securely access documents, applications, and desktops from any user device, including smartphones, tablets, and PCs. Receiver enables on-demand access to Windows, Web, and Software as a service (SaaS) applications. For devices that cannot install receiver software, receiver for HTML5 provides connectivity through a HTML5-compatible Web browser.

• Studio -is a management console that you can use to configure and manage XenDesktop deployments so that using this console does not require a separate management console for managing the delivery of applications and desktops. Studio provides a variety of wizards to guide you through the process of setting up the environment, creating workloads for hosting applications and desktops, and assigning applications and desktops to users. You can also use Studio to assign and track Citrix licenses for your site.

  Studio obtains the displayed information from the Broker Service in the Controller.

• Director -director is a Web-based tool that enables IT support teams and technical support teams to monitor the environment and troubleshoot them to prevent these problems from compromising the system. In addition, support tasks can be performed for end users. The Director can be installed outside the trusted network. You can use a Director deployment to connect and monitor multiple XenApp or XenDesktop sites.

  Director Displays session and site information from the following sources:

  
  

  By using Microsoft Remote Assistance, you can also view and interact with user sessions.

  • Real-time session data from the broker service in the Controller, including data obtained by the broker service from the broker Agent in the VDA.

  • Historical site data from the Monitor Service in the Controller.

  • HDX insight captures data from NetScaler about HDX Communications (also known as ICA Communication), provided that the deployment contains NetScaler, and that the XENAPP or XenDesktop version contains HDX Insight.

• License Server -the license server is used to manage product licenses. It communicates with the Controller to manage licenses for each user session, communicates with Studio to assign license files. You must create at least one license server to store and manage license files.

• hypervisor-The hypervisor hosts virtual machines in the site. These virtual machines can be virtual machines for hosting applications and desktops, or virtual machines for hosting XENAPP and XenDesktop components. The hypervisor is installed on the host computer that is completely dedicated to running Hypervisors and hosting virtual machines.

  The Citrix XenServer hypervisor is included in XenApp and XenDesktop, but you can also use other supported hypervisors, such as Microsoft Hyper-V or VMware vSphere.

  Although most XenApp and XenDesktop implementations require a hypervisor, you do not need to use the hypervisor to provide Remote PC Access, or use Provisioning Services (included in some XenApp and XenD Esktop version), rather than MCS, to provision the virtual machine.

The following additional components may also be included in a XenApp or XenDesktop deployment (not shown in the illustration above):

• Provisioning Services -provisioning Services is an optional component of XENAPP and XenDesktop, available in some editions. It is an alternative way for MCS to provision virtual machines. MCS creates a copy of the master image, and Provisioning Services uses streaming technology to push the master image to the user device. Provisioning Services does not need to use a hypervisor when doing this, so you can use it to host physical computers. When a site contains Provisioning services, Provisioning Services communicates with the Controller to provide resources to the user.

• NetScaler Gateway -When a user connects from outside the corporate firewall, this version can use Citrix NetScaler Gateway (formerly known as Access Gateway) technology to secure the connection with SSL. The NetScaler Gateway or NetScaler VPX virtual appliance is an SSL VPN device deployed in the isolation Zone (DMZ) that provides a single secure access point through the corporate firewall.

• Citrix Cloudbridge -in a deployment to deliver virtual desktops to users at remote locations, such as branch offices, you can use Citrix Cloudbridge (formerly known as Citrix Branch Repeater or Wanscaler) technology to optimize performance. The Repeater improves the performance of the entire WAN, so users of branch offices can experience LAN-like performance on the WAN by using Repeater in the network. For example, Cloudbridge can prioritize different parts of the user experience so that when large files or print jobs are sent over the network, the user experience of the branch office does not degrade. HDX WAN optimization with Cloudbridge provides token-indexed compression and data deduplication, which significantly reduces bandwidth requirements and improves performance. For more information, see your Citrix cloudbridge documentation.

Set up and assign resources: Machine catalogs and delivery groups

With XENAPP and XenDesktop, you can set up the resources that you want to provide to users through the machine catalog, but specify who can access those resources through the delivery Group.

• Machine Catalog

• A machine catalog is a collection of virtual machines or physical machines that are managed as a single entity. These computers and their applications or virtual desktops are the resources to be provided to the user. All computers in the machine catalog install the same operating system and Vdas, and the same applications or virtual desktops are available on those computers. Typically, you create a master image and then use this master image to create the exact same virtual machine in the directory.

• When you create a machine catalog, you specify the type of computer and the provisioning method for the computers in the catalog.

• Computer type

• 
  

  • Windows Server operating system computer-a Windows server operating system-based virtual machine or physical computer that is used to deliver XenApp published applications (also known as server-based managed applications) and XenApp published desktops (also known as server-hosted desktops). These computers allow multiple users to establish a connection with them at the same time.

  • Desktop OS Machines-Windows desktop operating system-based virtual machines or physical computers for delivering VDI desktops (desktops that run the Windows desktop operating system and can be fully personalized, depending on the options you choose), VMS Hosted Applications (applications from desktop operating systems) and managed physical desktops. Only one user is allowed to establish a connection with one of the computers at the same time.

  • The remote PC access-Whitelist includes user devices that enable users to remotely access resources on their office PCs from any device running Citrix Receiver. Remote PC Access enables you to manage access to your offline PC through the XenDesktop deployment.

• Provisioning methods

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  • Machine Creation Services (MCS)-a set of services that can create virtual servers and desktops from a master image as needed, optimize storage utilization, and provide virtual machines to users each time they log on. Machine Creation Services is fully integrated and managed in Citrix Studio.

  • Provisioning services-allows you to provision or re-provision computers in real time from a single shared disk image. Provisioning Services manages the target device as a collection of devices. Desktops and applications are delivered by Provisioning Services virtual disks that obtain images from the master target device and enable you to take advantage of the processing power of physical hardware or virtual machines. Provisioning Services is managed through its own console.

  • Existing images-for desktops and applications that have been migrated to virtual machines in the datacenter. Target devices must be managed separately or uniformly using third-party electronic software Distribution (ESD) tools.

• Delivery Group

• A delivery group is a collection of users who are granted access to a common resource group. The delivery group contains computers in the machine catalog and Active directory Users with site access permissions. Because both Active Directory groups and delivery groups divide users with similar requirements into a group, they are typically assigned to delivery groups according to the Active Directory group to which they belong.

• Each delivery group can contain computers in multiple machine catalogs, and each machine catalog can provide computers to multiple delivery groups, but each individual computer can belong to only one delivery group at a time. Delivery groups can be set up to deliver applications, desktops, or both.

• You can define the resources that users in a delivery group can access. For example, if you want to deliver different applications to different users, one way is to install all the applications that you want to deliver on the master image of a machine catalog, and create enough computers in this directory to distribute across multiple delivery groups. Then, configure each delivery group to deliver a subset of the different applications installed on the computer.

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Introduction to Citrix XENDESKTOP7 XENAPP7 component Concepts