Linux Quick Start tutorial (1)

L/home: your home directory is in linux. every common user has his/home name and user name. 1. installation of Linux

Install a virtual machine in the XP system:

1. first install the virtual machine

Green edition

2. open the vmware.exe file

Open the file --> create -->

3. modify the optical drive and memory :::

After setting, click start the VM,

Go to the installation page and click CTRL + ALT.

4. select skip to skip

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5. select manual partitioning

In Linux, you must specify at least two partitions.

1)/. heel area

2) Swap partition

Sub-Division,

Generally, a single boot partition is used.

Partition completion chart:

Set permissions for the linux highest administrator (root:

Remember the username and password.

 

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3. select a software package

【]

X ore port system: Required

GNOME desktop environment and kde desktop environment: either of them

【]

Editor: Required

Engineering and Science: not selected

Graphical Internet: Required

Text-based Internet: Required

Office/productivity: no

Video and Audio: not selected

Authorization and publishing: not selected

Graphics: not selected

Games and Entertainment: Required

[Server]

Server configuration tool: Required

Web server: Required

Email Server: no

WINDOWS file server: no

DNS name server: not selected

FTP server: Required

PostgreSQL database: not selected

SQL database: Required

News server: not selected

Network Server: no

Legacy Network Server: Required

[Development]

Development tools: Required

X Software Development: not selected

CNOME software development: no

KDE software development: no

Original Software Development: not selected

System]

Management tools: Required

System tool: not selected

IV. Functions of directories in Linux

L/bin: System Command Directory

L/dev: Device Directory

L/home: the user's home directory is in linux. every common user has his/home name and user name.

L/lib: System Library Directory

L/media: Multimedia Directory (optical drive, soft Drive)

L/mnt: Mount Directory

L/proc: System memory Directory

L/sbin: superuser command Directory

L/tmp: temporary file directory

L/var: frequently-Changing file directories

L/boot: startup file directory

L/etc: configuration file directory

L/lost + found: claim for lost property

L/opt: third-party software catalog

L/root: root user's home directory

L/usr: Application Directory

V. Linux shell

Shell command set commands are generally composed of the following formats:

Command

Command option parameters

Command options

Command parameters

1. common commands

Note: The following content is displayed after the command is executed:

The black font is a normal file,

The red font is a folder,

The blue font is a compressed file.

. The content is a hidden file

1) Ls: View all files in the specified directory

-L: view detailed information about a file.

-A: View all files (including hidden files ("." is the hidden file ))

2) pws: displays the current working directory

3) cd: Included in a directory

Cd: indicates that the previous directory is returned.

Cd ~ : False of the current user is returned.

4) Clear: Clear screen

5) Login: Login

6) Shutdown: Shutdown

-H: Shutdown

-R: Restart

-K: Warning

-C: Cancel

7) Halt: Shutdown

8) Reboot: Restart

Vi editor

Command line editor

L Command Mode: Command Mode

When opening a file, it is in the mode command details

You cannot directly edit the file in command mode. you need to enter "I" to enter the input mode.

L Insert Mode: input Mode

Exc --> command mode->:--> last line mode

L Last Line Mode: Last Line Mode

: Wq save and exit

: W save

: Q exit

: Prev: returns the upper-level file.

Use of vi commands

1) vi flename: use vi to enable applicable functions

2) vi + filename: Yes to open the file. move the cursor to the last line.

3) vi + n filename open the file and move the cursor to line n

4) vi +/string filename positions the cursor on the row where the specified keyword is located, and the full text keyword is highlighted.

5) vi filename: edit multiple files

Sad nu: Open all files and display the row number