Master solve two URL format related issues

Master solves two URL format problems
Recently in the modification of other people's two open source programs, these two are single page entry, but they url I do not understand:
(1) HTTP://WWW.XXXX.COM/INDEX.PHP/NEWS/1
(2) Http://www.xxxx.com/?p=1
This is not rewrite the URL, is now very depressed how this URL is implemented, the first through the folder as a parameter, background change how to receive. The second one directly omits index.php, so is it possible? Do not know if there is a master enlighten. URL Open Source PHP

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Frameworks are URLs like this, and you see if a frame is used.
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Http://www.xxxx.com/?p=1
is the standard URL format
When you omit a file name, you navigate to the Web site default file

The general default file name is index.php
So Http://www.xxxx.com/?p=1
Actually, it's http://www.xxxx.com/index.php?p=1.

Shaped like a http://www.xxxx.com/index.php/news/1.
Requires the Web server to turn on the Path_info feature

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Direct $_get["] What can you get?

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