NFV (Network function Virtualizatin) • Implementation of virtualization strategy for networking functions

After completing this course, you will be able to:

1. Describe the basic concepts of NFV
2. Understand the development trend of NFV network technology
3. Understanding the NFV Architecture
4. Describe the relationship between NFV and SDN
5. Understand the key capabilities of NFV
6. Traditional carrier networks evolve to NFV
7. Study Questions and retrieval

What is NFV

The definition from Huawei: NFV, Network function virtualization (Functions virtualization), is a network architecture that uses it virtualization technology to virtualize network node functions into software modules that can be connected by business flows. Together to provide communication services for enterprises.
Here's a wiki definition: NFV is virtualization-based, but it's different from traditional server-based virtualization technologies for enterprise networks. Virtualized network functions, or NFV, run on one or more virtual devices that run different software, processes, high-performance servers, switches, or storage devices, or even cloud architectures, which can replace traditional hardware-based networking devices.
NFV, Network function virtualization (Functions virtualization), builds many types of network devices, such as servers,switches and storage, into a data Center network, Virtualize the VM (virtual machine) by borrowing it virtualization technology, then deploy the traditional CT business to the VM.
Before the advent of the NFV equipment specialization is outstanding, the specific equipment has its own special function, and then the control plane of the device is separated from the specific equipment, the control plane of different devices based on the virtual machine, the virtual machine based on the cloud operating system, This way, when an enterprise needs to deploy a new business, it simply creates the appropriate virtual machine on the open virtual machine platform and installs the appropriate package on the virtual machine. In this way we are called network function virtualization.
Network function Virtualization (NFV) is becoming the next wave of disruption in the network world. NFV is an architectural approach that focuses on decoupling individual services in the underlying hardware platform, such as network address translation (NAT), access control lists (ACLs), Quality of Service (QoS), layer 3rd routing, intrusion Prevention and intrusion detection systems (IPS and IDS), etc.
It looks like this poses a huge challenge to traditional network hardware devices!

NFV under the ETSI architecture

The ETSI NFV standard organization defines NFV as a solution that addresses the growing problem of traditional proprietary hardware-based networking components that meet the needs of cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of things.
Why do you mention ETSI here? is because NFV was initiated by the organization.
NFV, proposed by the Carrier Alliance organization, in order to accelerate the deployment of new network services, operators tend to abandon bulky and expensive private network equipment (i.e. traditional network equipment), and instead use standard it virtualization technology to split network function modules, such as DNS, NAT, firewall and so on.
Some operators have jointly established the European Communications Standards Association ETSI (European Telecommunications standards Institute), one of its working groups (ETSI ISG NFV) to develop a virtualization architecture for telecommunications networks. It can be argued that the organization defines NFV as the most "primitive and pure" NFV.

NFV, Corporate/Operator demand

With the continuous development of cloud services and the increasing demand, operators only need to provide pipeline transmission for enterprise private cloud and public cloud, so operators are at risk of being piped.

Pipelining, that is, the operator only provides the line, but it will face the risk of marginalization
Cloud computing technology is a technological revolution in IT industry, it has become the direction of the future development of the IT sector, this change makes IT infrastructure operations specialization is constantly focused and improved, so that the infrastructure level, especially the network put forward higher requirements
Enterprise users need high it input to purchase a large number of communication devices (routers, switches, servers, storage devices). At the same time, the system expansion needs to update equipment, repeat investment.
CPE (Customer Premises equipment) is the gateway to the Enterprise network, docking the carrier's PE device.
Advantages of network Function virtualization
1. Network technology can be implemented using molded virtualization devices to reduce new network equipment investment
2. No need to incur excessive time costs, to achieve network architecture in the short term
3. The advantage of virtualization is that it enables "private customization," so you can respond to the needs of different types of tenants
4. Different user habits in different regions to achieve rapid network setup and adjustment
5. Build networks on virtualized products to meet the needs of different user groups

The challenges of NFV

How can virtual network devices run on different hardware vendors, different hypervisor, and get higher performance?
Network platform-based hardware allows migration to virtualized network platforms, both of which need to coexist and re-use operators ' current OSS/BSS.
Manage and organize many virtual network appliances (especially management systems) while avoiding security attacks and misconfiguration.
Ensure a certain level of hardware, software reliability (of course, the more reliable the better).
Virtual Appliance (VA) integration of different operators. Network operators need to be able to "mix and match" different manufacturers of hardware, different manufacturers of hypervisors, different manufacturers of virtual appliances (VA), without the huge integration costs, avoid binding with manufacturers.
Is there no risk in just having an advantage? Of course not, NFV faces a lot of challenges, and these challenges are real, real problems.
OSS, operational support system, mainly by network management, system management, billing, business, accounting and customer service and other components
BSS (telecommunication terminology), the system includes customer relationship management, data acquisition system, billing accounts, comprehensive settlement, marketing support these functional modules

ETSI NFV Standard Architecture

NFV technology consists of 3 components: NFVI (Network function Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI,NFV Infrastructure), VNF (virtual network layer, virtualized networks function) and Mano (NFV management and orchestration, Management and Orchestration)
NFVI (NFV Infrastructure) includes a virtualization layer (hypervisor or container management systems such as Docker, and Vswitch) as well as physical resources such as COTS servers, switches, storage devices, and so on. NFVI can be deployed across several physical locations, and the network that provides data connectivity to those physical sites is also known as part of NFVI. To be compatible with existing network architectures, NFVI's network access points can be interconnected with other physical networks. NFV support multi-VENDOR,NFVI is a common virtualization layer, all virtual resources should be in a unified shared pool of resources, should not be subject to or special treatment of some of the VNF running on it.
NFV, VNF three of the same letters reversed the order, meaning very different. NFV is a virtualization technology or concept that solves the problem of deploying network functionality on general-purpose hardware, while VNF refers to specific virtual network functions that provide some kind of network service, which is software that uses the infrastructure provided by NFVI to deploy in virtual machines, containers, or bare-metal physical machines. Compared to VNF, traditional hardware-based network elements can be called PNF. VNF and PNF can create a so-called service chain, either alone or in a hybrid network, providing the end-to-end networking services required for a given scenario.
MANO (Management and Orchestration) provides the overall management and orchestration of NFV, upward access to OSS/BSS, NFVO (NFV Orchestrator), VNFM (VNF Manager) and the VIM (virtualised infrastructure manager) virtualization infrastructure manager. Orchestration, the original intention is the orchestra, in the NFV architecture, usually with ' O ' components have a certain role in the arrangement, each VNF, PNF, and other resources only reasonable arrangement, in the right time to do the right thing, the whole system can play its due role.
VIM:NFVI is managed by Vim, and Vim controls VNF's virtual resource allocation, such as virtual computing, virtual storage, and virtual networking. Both OpenStack and VMware are available as VIM, the former open source and the latter commercial.
VNFM: Management VNF life cycle, such as on-line, offline, status monitoring, image onboard. VNFM manages VNF based on VNFD (VNF description).
NFVO: To manage the NS (Network Service) lifecycle and coordinate the management of the NS Lifecycle, coordinate the management of the VNF lifecycle (need to be supported by VNF Manager VNFM), Coordinate the management of NFVI resources (need to be supported by the Virtualization Infrastructure manager vim) to ensure optimal configuration of the required resources and connections. Onboard new network business, VNF forwarding, VNF package. NFVO is run based on NSD (Network Service description), NSD includes service CHAIN,NFV, perfomance goal, and so on.
NFV Essence: Redefining Network Device architecture (Huawei)

This diagram provides a clearer and more clear description of NFV
The architecture layer contains multi-vendor computing products, storage products, and network equipment, which is essential for hardware devices.
Above the architecture layer is the virtualization layer, which uses the cloud computing system to "pool" the hardware devices to form virtual compute pools, virtual storage pools, virtual network pools
Through the virtualization layer pooling system, through unified management after the "orchestration", then realize the different applications of operators, such as a variety of apps, virtual EPC (4G Core Network), as well as virtual multi-service Edge router (VMSE)

Huawei proposes a Cloudedge solution for NFV

In the NFV architecture, the underlying is a specific physical device, such as a server, storage device, and network device.
Compute virtualization is a virtual machine that creates multiple virtual systems on a single server.
Storage virtualization, where multiple storage devices are virtualized to a single logical storage device.
Network virtualization, the control plane of a network device is separated from the underlying hardware, and the control plane of the device is installed on the server virtual machine.
A variety of service software can be installed on a virtualized device level.

On the ETSI architecture, Huawei offers NFV architecture and functional modules
1.NFVI: Provides the VNF operating environment, including the required hardware and software. Hardware includes computing, network, storage resources, software mainly includes hypervisor, network controller, storage Manager and other tools, nfvi the physical resources into virtual resources for VNF use.
2.VNF: including VNF and EMS,VNF network functions, EMS for the unit management system, the function of VNF configuration and management. In general, EMS and VNF are one by one corresponding.
3.VIM:NFVI Management module, usually run in the corresponding infrastructure site, the main functions include: Discovery of resources, management allocation of virtual resources, troubleshooting, etc., for the VNF operation to provide resources support.
4.VNFM:VNF Management module, mainly on the life cycle of VNF (instantiation, configuration, shutdown, etc.) to control, in general, and VNF one by one corresponding.
The 5.nfvo:ns Lifecycle Management module is responsible for coordinating NS, NS VNFS, and the control and management of virtual resources hosting each VNF.
6.OSS/BSS: The management function of the service provider, which is not part of a functional component within the NFV framework, but NFVO needs to provide an interface to OSS/BSS.

What are the real benefits that can be brought to operators through NFV? This is illustrated by the NFV Simplified network operation diagram (this section focuses on Access/metropolitan edge)
1. Home User and enterprise network user business functions can be migrated to the edge of the carrier network
2. On the edge of Access network and metropolitan area network, realize virtual Edge network function platform, realize virtual set-top box, virtual residential gateway and other functions through virtual equipment.
Noun Explanation:
1.OPEX (Operating Expense) is the operating cost, calculated as follows: opex= maintenance costs + marketing costs + labor costs + depreciation).
Capex (capital expenditure) is a capex expenditure, the formula is: capex= Strategic investment + rolling investment. Capital investment expenditure refers to capital expenditure which needs to be amortized in multiple fiscal years for infrastructure construction and expanded reproduction.
STB (set top box): STB is an information device used to enhance or expand the function of a TV, as people usually put it on the top of the TV, so it is also known as a set-top box or a top-case, can receive through satellite broadcasting and cable transmission over the program, and can provide additional services, For example, choose the movies you want to see on the Internet, enjoy satellite VOD (on demand) service, and do e-commerce transactions such as home banking.
RGW (residential gateway): Residential gateway A kind of access network shut down equipment. Directly connected to the user's existing device CPE (POTS,ISDN phone device, PC phone), it allows the transmission of voice calls from individual residential users directly on the data network.
1.OPEX (Operating Expense) is the operating cost, calculated as follows: opex= maintenance costs + marketing costs + labor costs + depreciation).
Capex (capital expenditure) is a capex expenditure, the formula is: capex= Strategic investment + rolling investment. Capital investment expenditure refers to capital expenditure which needs to be amortized in multiple fiscal years for infrastructure construction and expanded reproduction.
STB (set top box): STB is an information device used to enhance or expand the function of a TV, as people usually put it on the top of the TV, so it is also known as a set-top box or a top-case, can receive through satellite broadcasting and cable transmission over the program, and can provide additional services, For example, choose the movies you want to see on the Internet, enjoy satellite VOD (on demand) service, and do e-commerce transactions such as home banking.
RGW (residential gateway): Residential gateway A kind of access network shut down equipment. Directly connected to the user's existing device CPE (POTS,ISDN phone device, PC phone), which allows voice calls from individual residential users to be transmitted directly on the data network
About NFV, not to be continued, please pay attention to the new era of network technology (whether it is SDN or NFV has not changed network technology, but the former changed the network architecture, and the latter replaced the network implementation of the form, please the vast network of engineers do not underestimate yourself, you are still the founder of the Internet), Dry Yi Tang ender! You can find me here: Huawei Digital Technology Learning Group 645866695

NFV (Network function Virtualizatin) • Implementation of virtualization strategy for networking functions