Notes on netinst installation in Debian

Objective: to install a 64-bit Debian system, which adopts the network installation method and Gnome as the desktop system. I. content to be prepared: 1. Debian installation disk (1) Download the installation disk image I chose debian-testing-amd64-netinst edition (). (2) method 1 for creating a USB flash drive: use netbootin. Method 2: Download boot.

Objective: to install a 64-bit Debian system, which adopts the network installation method and Gnome as the desktop system.

I. content to be prepared:

1. Debian mounting disk

(1) Download the installation disk image

I chose the debian-testing-amd64-netinst edition ().

(2) create a USB flash drive.

Method 1: Use netbootin.

Method 2: Download boot.img.gz and install it on the USB flash drive. Then, place the iso file in the root directory of the USB flash drive. See Boot Debian from an USBdevice. The disadvantage of this method is that it uses the fat16 format to format the USB flash disk. Therefore, the maximum partition size is 256 MB. Therefore, the iso file of CD cannot be used.

Note: Use UltraISO to create the file. the file is written successfully, but the installation disk fails to start. The reason may be that the startup file is missing. The Ubuntu startup diskcreator may only support the Ubuntu installation disk image, but does not support images of other releases.

2. network client and dependent files: mentohust_0.3.4-1_amd64.deb, libpcap0.8 _ 1.1.1-8_amd64.deb

The network client selects mentohust that supports Ruijie authentication. You can download the 64-bit forUbuntu package.
In addition, mentohust depends on libpcap0.8 (or libpcap0.9, libpcap1.0), while libpcap0.8 depends on multiarch-support. these two files are not available in the just-installed system, so they must be downloaded one by one.

 

3. image address list: sources. list

In order to install the software using aptitude with a high network speed, you also need to prepare sources. list. CERNET recommends the source of HKUST.

4. create a folder in the prepared USB flash drive and name it folder. put the downloaded files in the folder at and.

II. installation steps

1. connect the USB flash drive to your computer, restart your computer, and enable the USB flash drive in BIOS.

2. installation through a USB flash drive

There are not many options to be selected during the installation process, including the language, region, keyboard layout, user name and password, network settings, and hard disk partition. They are relatively simple, and there are many online tutorials. I will not introduce them in detail here. It should be noted that we chose to install through the network, so we will only install the most basic system at first, but there is no desktop environment. Therefore, we recommend that you select English rather than Chinese for the language during installation, otherwise, after installation, many words on the terminal will become "◆", regardless of Chinese or English. This problem occurs because the kernel does not support Chinese characters and cannot be solved by installing Chinese fonts. Unless you use a CD or DVD image for installation, you are advised to select English as the installation language.

After the basic system is installed, the system will prompt you to remove the USB flash drive, CD, and DVD, so as not to reinstall the system after restart. In this case, unplug the USB flash drive and restart the system.

3. install the network client

(1) log on to and mount the USB flash drive

After the restart, log on to the system with your username and password.

Use the su command to log on to the root user.

Use fdisk-l to list the current hard disk device and check where the USB flash disk is located. On/dev/sdb1.

Use the mount command to load the USB flash drive:

# Mount/dev/sdb1/media/usb

(2) install mentohust

# Cd/media/usb/folder
# Dpkg-imultiarch-support_2.13-21_amd64.deb
# Dpkg-ilibpcap0.8 _ 1.1.1-10_amd64.deb
# Dpkg-imentohust_0.3.4-1_amd64.deb

(3) log on to mentohust

Start the NIC and obtain the IP address.

# Ipconfig eth0 up
# Dhclient eth0

Then, log on to mentohust. The mentohust parameters are as follows:

-H: displays the help information.
-K (exit program) Other (Restart program)
-W: save parameters to the configuration file
-U user name
-P password
-N Nic name
-I IP [default local IP address]
-M subnet mask [default local mask]
-G gateway [0.0.0.0 by default]
-S DNS [0.0.0.0 by default]
-OPing host [0.0.0.0 by default, indicating to disable this function]
-T authentication timeout (seconds) [8 by default]
-E heartbeat interval (SEC) [30 by default]
-R failure wait (seconds) [15 by default]
-L number of failures allowed [0 indicates no limit. the default value is 8]
-A multicast address: 0 (standard) 1 (Ruijie) 2 (Xaar) [default: 0]
-D DHCP mode: 0 (not used) 1 (secondary authentication) 2 (after authentication) 3 (before Authentication) [default 0]
-Whether B runs in the background: 0 (no) 1 (yes, disable output) 2 (yes, retain output) 3 (yes, output to file) [0 by default]
-Y: 0 (no) 1 ~ 20 (yes) [default value: 5]
-VClient version number [default 0.00 indicates xrgsu compatibility]
-F custom data file [not used by default]
-CDHCP script [default dhclient]
-Q: Display SuConfig. dat (for example,-q/path/SuConfig. dat)

Assume that your username is john and the password is 123. you can refer to the following example:

# Mentohust-ujohn-p123-neth0-b1-w

4. set the source list

# Mv/etc/apt/source. list/etc/apt/source. list. bak
# Cp/media/usb/folder/source. list/etc/apt/

Then you can unmount the USB flash drive. Because the USB flash drive is written as the boot disk, you need to use eject-r.

Eject-rv/dev/sdb1

Then, unplug the USB flash drive.

5. update the software Information List and system

# Aptitude update
# Aptitude upgrade

6. install sudo, less, and bash-completion.

# Aptitude install sudo lessbash-completion

Set sudo

# Mongodo

Find the row root ALL = (ALL) ALL. Assume that your username is john, you can add a line below:

John ALL = (ALL) ALL

Then, save and exit.

After logging out and logging on again, you can use sudo instead of logging on to the root user.

# Exit
$ Logout

7. install x-window and gnome

If you do not have to customize which gnome components you want to install in detail, you only need one command:

# Aptitude install gnome-core

8. install the Chinese input method ibus (Pinyin and five strokes)

# Aptitude install ibusibus-table ibus-gtk ibus-gtk3 ibus-qt4 ibus-pinyin ibus-tableibus-table-wubi

9. install Chinese fonts (WenQuanYi)

# Aptitude installttf-wqy-microhei ttf-wqy-zenhei xfonts-wqy

10. install a Wireless NIC driver

11. install the iceweasel and flash plug-ins in the browser.

Iceweasel is actually the debian branch of firefox.

# Aptitude install iceweaselflashplugin-nonfree

12. install the virtual machine virtualbox. Then, install another windows system in virtualbox and open it directly in the virtual machine when you need to use windows.

# Aptitude install virtualboxvirtualbox-guest-addions-iso

You can also install wine if needed.

Now, the system is basically installed successfully.