One of the basic operating system knowledge: Linux Operating System Overview

Q1. what is GNU? What is the relationship between Linux and GNU? A: 1) GNU is A recursive abbreviation of GNUisNotUnix. it is A project of the FreeSoftwareFoundation (FSF). It has developed many high-quality programming tools, including the emacs editor ,...

Q1. what is GNU? What is the relationship between Linux and GNU?
A:

1) GNU is Not Unix recursion abbreviation. it is a project of the Free Software Foundation (FSF), which has developed many high-quality programming tools, including the emacs editor, the famous gnu c and C ++ compilers (gcc and g ++ );

2) many GNU tools are used for Linux development. almost all tools used for implementing the POSIX.2 standard on Linux systems are developed by the GNU project; linux kernels, GNU tools, and some other free software constitute the popular Linux system or the Linux release version.

 

Q2. what components does the Linux system consist? Where is the Linux kernel?

A:

1) a Linux system consists of four parts: User processes, system call interfaces, Linux kernel subsystems, and hardware;

2) the Linux kernel is located between the user process and hardware, including the system call interface and the Linux kernel subsystem.

 

Q3. what components does the Linux kernel consist? What are the main functions of each subsystem?

A:

1) in addition to system calls, the Linux kernel consists of five major subsystems: Process Scheduling, memory management, virtual file system, network, and inter-process communication (IPC );

2) The main functions of each subsystem are:

A. Process Scheduling: it controls the process's access to the CPU. when you need to select A process to start running, the scheduler selects the process that should be run most;

B. memory management: it allows multiple processes to securely share the primary memory area and supports virtual memory. logically, it can be divided into hardware-independent parts and hardware-related parts;

C. virtual File System (VFS): It hides the details of different hardware, provides unified interfaces for all devices, and supports up to dozens of different file systems, logical file systems and device drivers;

D. network: it provides access to various network standard protocols and support for various network hardware, divided into two parts: network protocol and network driver;

E. Inter-process communication: supports various communication mechanisms between processes, including shared memory, message queues, and pipelines.

From: Column of zhouzxi