Some insights on new Linux learning methods

I will not go into details about the origins of linux systems, including the advantages and disadvantages. The following describes basic learning methods and ideas in the learning process. 1. instruct the attacker to fish 1. First, create a linux image, burn the CD, and install it on your computer. (We recommend that you use a virtual machine.) you can start with the history of a linux system in the graphic world. I will not discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system here.
The following describes basic learning methods and ideas in the learning process.
 
1. grant users to fish
 
1. First, create a linux image, burn the CD, and install it on your computer. (Virtual machines are recommended)
 
You can first have a perceptual knowledge from the graphic interface. If you want to improve it in depth, we recommend that you do not use a GUI (without a GUI, you will find that you have learned more about the underlying layer ). In this process, you may encounter various installation problems. suggestion: you can install your computer on your own without worrying about the computer. do not be afraid to break your feet. Remember your installation problems, take notes, and write down the solution. (Use baidu to solve the problem, google) it will always be a world of difference
 
Ps: promotion suggestion: familiar with installation methods other than CD.
 
2. after the installation is complete, you will be familiar with the linux system. This step is the same as you are familiar with the Windows system. you need to know the basic software applications such as on/off, disk management, user management, and system backup. This process must be used for continuous accumulation. It can be said that it is proportional to the usage time.
 
Ps: In this process, you can familiarize yourself with the use of linux commands as much as possible. For example, if you know the du df command, but you do not practice it, it will always be in books. you do not know the real usage of du-sb, do not know the difference between du-sh and du-sb. If you want to know why, you must first know why.
 
3. after getting familiar with the basic situation of linux, we began to use his real ability, that is, the biggest function of linux which is different from win is to provide various services, such as the most common services such as www, ftp, and dns.
You may say that I don't know shell, samba, and web services, and I don't even know what php is. It doesn't matter, as long as you think you can do it! I believe that you can learn more in the actual operation process. For example, how do you set up a web service? You will continue mining and baidu (the process may be very painful. you will scold me for not directly telling me how to do it? Remember, the experts have to endure the loneliness.) when there is more mining, you will know that the domain name, space, web service, and so on are required, and you will go back and find out how to obtain the domain name, find a space server. Then, after you build it, you will start to work hard. to use various functions, you must perform operations. at this time, you will find out how to use php, I started to look for a php Manual to repeat my own operations. OK, now you have a high learning ability and will be able to work hard in the future, you will ride on the linux world and become one of them.
 
Ps: I quoted a message from the recent kindle Daniel answering a reporter's question: "I didn't know how to register a domain name three years ago"
We recommend kindle's "LAMP security full Guide" and wind reprinted nginx virtual host to prevent webshell from browsing across directories"
2. give fish to others
 
You may think that it is not a fish because you finally see it.
 
I recommend two books. I hope you can break it down. Other php, mysql, and other manuals.
 
Laruence's private kitchen basics and server setup, fully annotated by Zhao's Linux kernel
 
Ps: vbird.org oldlinux.org
 
 
Finally, I would like to thank my parents for not giving me the "rich 2 belt" identity, but for giving me my life. I would like to thank all the friends of linux520, especially Mr. B and Mr. W, mr. K, Mr. F, and many other movie stars are very happy to meet you. I hope that all the friends of linux520 will be able to endure loneliness, learn from each other, and become the legendary cool as soon as possible.
 
 
 
 
Ps: csdn
11 tips for Linux beginners
With the expansion of Linux applications, many friends have started to ACCESS Linux. based on Windwos learning experience, they often feel a bit confused: they do not know where to start learning. Here are some suggestions for learning Linux.
 
I. starting from the basics: some friends often ask some questions on Linux Forums. However, most of the questions are very basic. For example, when I use a command, the system tells me that I cannot find the directory and how to restrict user permissions. these problems are not very difficult, after understanding the basics of Linux, you can easily solve this problem. Some friends often want to build a website when they come into contact with Linux. they have no idea how to understand the basics of Linux. This is quite difficult.
 
2. Linux commands must be learned. Although Linux desktop applications are developing rapidly, commands still have a strong vitality in Linux. Linux is an operating system composed of command lines. its essence lies in the command line. The principle of the graphic interface remains unchanged no matter what level it develops. Linux commands have many powerful functions: from simple disk operations, file access, to the creation of complex multimedia images and streaming media files. For example, find, a common inux command, and look at man's documents, beginners will surely feel too complicated to use it, but once you learn it, you will never let it go. its functions are too powerful. in combination with exec parameters or redirection to xargs commands and grep commands through pipelines, it can perform very complex operations. if the same operation is done using a graphical interface tool, i'm afraid it will take more than a dozen minutes. the number of Linux commands in different versions is different. here, I will introduce the most important and frequently used commands in the system into several sections, through the learning of these basic commands, we can further understand the Linux system: installation and logon commands: login, shutdown, halt, reboot, mount, umount, chsh file processing commands: file, mkdir, grep, dd, find, mv, ls, diff, cat, ln system management commands: df, top, free, quota, at, lp, adduser, groupadd kill, crontab, tar, unzip, gunzip, and last network operation commands: ifconfig, ip, ping, netstat, telnet, ftp, route, rlogin rcp, finger, mail, nslookup system security-related commands: passwd, su, umask, chgrp, chmod, chown, chattr, sudo, pswho
 
3. select a suitable Linux release version. At present, there are more than 1 hundred Linux release versions worldwide, and more than a dozen common versions can be found in China. RedhatLinux and DebianLinux are ideal for network administrators based on your needs and capabilities. For readers who are not very good at English, the Chinese versions such as red-flag Linux and winning Linux are more suitable. Currently, some Linux websites have some free downloads for Linux versions. what we want to talk about here is that it is not suitable for Linux beginners.
 
4. develop work in the command line: Be sure to develop the habit of working in the command line. you must know that X-window is only an application running in the command line mode. Although the learning progress in the command line is slow at the beginning, after you become familiar with it, your future learning path will grow exponentially. For network administrators, a command line is actually a rule. it is always effective and flexible. Even through a slow modem line, it can manipulate remote systems thousands of kilometers away.
 
5. select a suitable Linux community. with the expansion of Linux applications, many Linux communities have emerged. There are some excellent communities:
1) www.csdn.net (the largest IT professional community in China)
2) http://www.chinaunix.net/(China's largest Unix/Linux technology community)
3) www.armjishu.com (The Best Embedded technology community in China, with many practical projects)
However, these forums are often the stage for Linux masters. if you post very elementary questions on forums that discuss advanced skills, there will often be no results. There are also some rich learning materials and comprehensive community sites.
 
6. diligence in practice: to increase your Linux skills, you can only implement it through practice. So, find a computer, install a Linux release, and enter the wonderful Linux world. I believe that your Linux capabilities will be greatly improved. In addition, the human brain is not like a computer's hard disk. Unless the hard disk breaks down or the data is erased by you, the stored data will be permanently and immediately stored in the hard disk. In the curve of human memory, you must repeat the exercises to remember one thing. Similarly, the same is true for Linux. if you cannot learn it frequently, you should forget the previous one. After you are familiar with Linux commands, you can start to build a small Linux Network. this is the best practice. Linux is synonymous with the network. Linux's network services are very powerful, including email servers, Web servers, and DNS servers. Of course, you don't need to set up all the services. It should be noted that this Linux network has two or three computers for beginners, one of which is best to install Windows. Do it yourself. Don't wait for someone to help you solve the problem.
 
7. how to get online help is different from the private operating system. the technical support time of each Linux release version is short, which is often insufficient for Linux beginners. In fact, after you install a complete Linux system, it already contains a powerful help, but you may not have discovered or used them.
1. mainstream Linux distributions all come with very detailed documentation (including the manual page and FAQ), from system installation to system security, detailed documentation for people of different levels, after carefully reading the documentation, you can solve 40% of the problems here.
2. read the classic tool book and Howto, especially Howto, which is a summary of the experience of tens of thousands of Linux and Unix in the world. it is of great reference value. generally, 40% of problems can be solved as well.
 
8. get help in the Linux Forum. if the above measures do not solve the problem, you need help from the Linux community. Linux users are generally professionals who have a good computer background and are willing to assist others. Linux experts are more interested in encouraging new users. To get help in the Linux community, you must think carefully and prepare your questions, otherwise, you will get a hasty answer or no answer at all. The more you try to solve the problem before asking for help, the more substantial the help you get. You 'd better first search for any articles you need on the forum. In this way, you can get twice the result with half the effort. The following is a good question I have seen in the forum: "After installing the red flag 4.0, the dual-join solution provided by the system Ziguang input method is different from my habits. how can I customize the dual-join solution? Thank you ?" This problem is concise. The author gave a solution five minutes later: "First back up the original file to another directory, and then delete/usr/local/unispim/unispimsp. ksc, edit/usr/local/unispim/unispimsp. ini, and then restart the computer to generate a new unispimsp. ksc "In addition, if the problem is solved after receiving a reply, send a description to those who have helped you to let them know how the problem is solved, this supplement helps others search for the complete solution that has helped you in the email list, newsgroup, or forum, which may be useful to them as well. Let's take a look at an uncertain question: "How to prepare HTTP, FTP, Samba, DNS, DHCP, and Sendmail servers in Linux, thank you. "I think it is difficult for a Linux expert to answer your questions quickly and accurately. You need to provide accurate and effective information. This does not require you to simply extract a ton of error code or a full dump of data to your question. If you have a large and complex test condition, try to crop it as small as possible. In this case, you may have different answers to a question. in this case, you need to verify it through practice. In addition, it is also an option to ask for help in other Linux communities. If you cannot get the answer, do not think we cannot help you. Sometimes you don't know the answer to your question. Changing a community is a good choice. In addition, you must pay attention to certain etiquette when asking questions. The Linux community is a loose organization and does not assume the obligation to reply to each post. It is not technical support.
 
9. using Unix thinking to learn Linux is designed with reference to Unix thinking. understanding and Mastering Linux must follow Unix thinking. Ideological changes are more useful than temporary technological advances because they help you speed up learning.
 
10. learn professional english. if you want to learn more about Linux, it is too difficult to understand the document. The best and most comprehensive documents are written in English, and the first technical information released is also written in English. Even non-English people publish technical documents, they are first translated into English and published in international academic journals and networks. When installing a new software, first read README, then INSTALL and then read the FAQ, and finally INSTALL it. in this case, you will know why. If you do not read the instructions, it will be a waste of time to go to the forum to find the answer.
 
11. Finally, the roadmap for Linux learning:
1. master at least 50 common commands.
2. familiar with Gnome/KDE and other X-windows desktop operations.
3. master the common installation methods of. tgz,. rpm and other software packages.
4. learn to add peripherals and install device drivers (such as NICs)
5. familiar with Grub/Lilo boot and simple repair operations.
6. familiar with Linux file system and directory structure.
7. master vi, gcc, gdb, and other commonly used editors, compilers, and debuggers.
8. understand shell alias, pipeline, I/O redirection, input and output, and shell script programming.
9. learn about networking in Linux.
I have learned some Linux experience and hope to help you.