The first step in using Ubuntu is to learn how to manage software. I have used the following methods for the time being. Recommended reading: the Ubuntu software management center interface has quietly changed the idea
The first step in using Ubuntu is to learn how to manage software. I have used the following methods for the time being.
Recommended reading:
Ubuntu software management center interface has quietly changed http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-06/37476.htm
Ubuntu software management loss function http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-12/75553.htm
I. APT command Installation
APT is the full name of Advanced Packaging Tool, which can be automatically downloaded, configured, and installed in binary or source code format. This simplifies the process of managing software on Linux. Now Debian and its derivative releases (such as Ubuntu) contain APT. APT command (package is the package name ):
- Apt-cache search package
- Apt-cache show package obtains package information, such as description, size, and version.
- Sudo apt-get install package installation package
- Sudo apt-get install package-reinstall re-installation package
- Sudo apt-get-f install force Installation
- Sudo apt-get remove package Delete package
- Sudo apt-get remove package-purge delete a package, including deleting a configuration file
- Sudo apt-get autoremove automatically deletes unnecessary packages
- Sudo apt-get update source
- Sudo apt-get upgrade updates installed packages
- Sudo apt-get dist-upgrade System
- Sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade using dselect
- Apt-cache depends package for dependency usage
- Apt-cache rdepends package to understand specific Dependencies
- Sudo apt-get build-dep package installation-related compilation environment
- Apt-get source package download the source code of the package
- Sudo apt-get clean & sudo apt-get autoclean clear the archive of the downloaded file
- Sudo apt-get check whether any corrupted dependency exists
In addition to understanding the basic apt commands, you also need to understand some APT-related files. The specific functions of each file are as follows:
- /Etc/apt/sources. list
- /Etc/apt. conf apt configuration file
- /Etc/apt. conf. d apt's fragmented configuration file
- /Etc/apt/preferences version Parameters
- /Var/cache/apt/archives/partial store the software package being downloaded
- /Var/cache/apt/archives store downloaded software packages
- /Var/lib/apt/lists stores downloaded software package details
- /Var/lib/apt/lists/partial: stores the details of the software package being downloaded.
Ii. Install the DPKG command
Dpkg is the basis of the Debian Software Package Manager and is used to install, uninstall, and supply information related to the. deb software package. Dpkg is an underlying tool. It cannot download packages from the remote package repository and handle the dependency between packages. You need to download the packages from the remote warehouse before installing them. Common DPKG commands:
- Dpkg-I package. deb installation package
- Dpkg-r package Delete package
- Dpkg-P package Delete package (including configuration files)
- Dpkg-L package: list the files associated with the package
- Dpkg-l package displays the package version
- Dpkg-unpack package. deb unbind deb package content
- Dpkg-S keyword search Package content
- Dpkg-l list the packages currently installed
- Dpkg-c package. deb list deb package content
- Dpkg-configure package configuration package
Note: More options can be queried through dpkg-h. Some commands require the superuser permission to be executed.
