Ubuntu routine skills

I am not actually SA. Many Ubuntu commands cannot be remembered in many cases. So we can find a place to record it. Long-term update. You may have to deal with ubuntu in the next three months. This document may be updated for a long time. 1: How to view logs in color. To view logs better, you need to install two packages apt-getinstall-ytmuxccze. At this time, you can view logtail-f/var/log/syslog.

I am not actually SA. Many Ubuntu commands cannot be remembered in many cases. So we can find a place to record it. Long-term update. You may have to deal with ubuntu in the next three months. This document may be updated for a long time.

1: View logs in color

How can I view logs and display them better?

Two packages need to be installed

Apt-get install-y tmux ccze

You can view the log at this time.

Tail-f/var/log/syslog | ccze

Tail-f/var/log/squid/access. log | ccze

2: Use IPMItool

Apt-get-y install ipmitool

2: Load IMPI

Http://wiki.adamsweet.org/doku.php? Id = ipmi_on_linux

Modprobe ipmi_msghandler
Modprobe ipmi_devintf
Modprobe ipmi_si

In this case, you can view the ipmi information.

# Ipmitool lan prinet

 

3: tasksel -- list-tasks

When installing ubuntu, you have a software package. After installation, I want to see which software packages are available?

# Tasksel-h
Unknown option: h
Usage:
Tasksel install
Tasksel remove
Tasksel [options]
-T, -- test mode; don't really do anything
-- New-install automatically install some tasks
-- List-tasks list tasks that wocould be displayed and exit
-- Task-packages list available packages in a task
-- Task-desc returns the description of a task

Tasksel -- list-tasks

This will list all the combinations.

Which packages are included in the end?

Tasksel -- task-packages dns-server

The output of the command shocould list:
Bind9-doc
Bind9utils
Bind9

 

If you want to install

Tasksel install dns-server

 

4: search software

This is a google search software technique that I often use and is recorded here.

Httpd-2.2.8.tar.gz, intitle: index

5. Load the iso file

Mount-t auto-o loop/downloads/CentOS-6.2-x86_64-core.iso/mnt/

If it is an optical drive, it is much simpler.

Mount/dev/cdrom/mnt

 

6: Query package

If you want to query the packages in the source. If you do not know the package name clearly.

# Apt-cache search openstack

7: view the server motherboard Model

The server is ultra-micro, but I don't know the specific model, so I cannot upgrade it. You can view it through the command line.

# Dmidecode | grep-A16 "System Information $"
System Information
Manufacturer: Supermicro
Product Name: X8DT3
Version: 1234567890
Serial Number: 1234567890
UUID: 3B703625-21C8-F25D-475C-0025902EF986
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: To Be Filled By O. E. M.
Home: 1234567890

Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
Base Board Information
Manufacturer: Supermicro
Product Name: X8DT3
Version: 2.0
Serial Number: OM16S33000
Asset Tag: 1234567890

 

8: replace in VI

You often need to replace text in batches. I usually only use full text replacement. (Reference http://apps.hi.baidu.com/share/detail/16718996)

: G/str1/s // str2/g

Replace str1 with string str2

9: dpkg usage

Dpkg is rarely used, but it is still very practical.

Sometimes you need to determine the software package of a file.

# Dpkg -- search/etc/nova. conf
Nova-common:/etc/nova. conf

View installed packages

Dpkg -- status nova-common

List Installed packages

# Dpkg -- list

To count the number of installed packages

# Dpkg -- list | wc-l

 

10: full-text search

This is often used. Search for the/etc directory, find the configuration file, and run the two commands to achieve the same effect.

# Grep-lr "NOVA_API_KEY"/Opt/stack/

# Find/Opt/stack| Xargs grep "NOVA_API_KEY"

 

11: view the port

I can't remember this command.

Ps aux | grep vnc

 

12: Where is the apt-get package stored?
By default, the installed ubuntu package is saved in
/Var/cache/apt/archives
You can back up this directory. The next installation will not require Internet connection.
To clear the cache folder, run
Sudo apt-get clean

13: Is VI hard to use?

By default, vi is difficult to use. Install vim. Ubuntu12.04. You only need to install vim. When you open a file with vi, the color is displayed.

14. Set static IP addresses

For example, if you set static IP addresses, dhcp is often used by default.

# The loopback network interface
Auto lo
Iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
Auto eth0
Iface eth0 inet static
Address 172.16.10.51
Netmask 255.255.0.0
Network 172.16.0.0
Broadcast 172.16.0000255
Gateway 172.16.10.1
# Dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
Dns-search test.com

For more information about Ubuntu, see Ubuntu special page http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx? Tid = 2