Economy half Hour: fire test insulation material

Economic half hour interview Chengdu Fire Department editor-in-chief: Solemn choreographer: Wang Liping Hou Jingma zhangshuo Wanghaitao camera: Chen Yanpo Jing Yan Jingin Today we continue to pay attention to the 11.15 major fire accidents in Shanghai. The number of people killed in the fire has risen to 58, according to the Shanghai police. At present, the DNA of the victims and their families is still in progress. Seeing these black figures, everyone would ask, "Why is this fire so tragic?"　　Let's listen to the analysis of the Shanghai police first. November 17, the State Council Shanghai "11 15" special Fire accident Investigation Team convened a plenary meeting, the investigation team leader, the State Security Administration director Luo said, the accident exposed five problems, including the accident site illegal use of a large number of polyurethane foam and other flammable materials, is leading to the rapid spread of the major reasons.　　Ministry of Public Security fire Department deputy director Zhu Liping pointed out that the building outside the façade of a large number of polyurethane foam insulation materials, burning fast to produce highly toxic cyanide gas, is the main cause of death.　　At a press conference at the Shanghai Municipal government, Mr. Cheng, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, also confirmed the main cause of the accident.　　Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau deputy Director Mr. Cheng Mr. Cheng: This building began to build scaffolding this September, is implementing the preparation of energy-saving renovation of the outer wall, | When a fire occurred in the 10 floor site, the illegal implementation of welding construction, resulting in the splash of Mars ignited the scaffold of nylon nets, raft and other combustible materials caused by fire Looking back at the 11.15 fire in Shanghai, according to the official news released now, there are many fatal hidden dangers, unlicensed welders illegal operation, building outside the accumulation of insulation materials and construction of nylon protective nets, as well as bamboo pedal are flammable materials, coupled with the face of 28 floors 85 meters high, the existing fire means limited, and eventually led to the rapid spread of fire, causing tragedy.　　After the accident, all over the country have launched a fire safety inspection, such fire hazards, in other places is also exist? After the fire of high-rise apartments in Shanghai, the fire department in Beijing carried out a series of fire safety checks on the more crowded public places and units.　　We follow the relevant leaders and experts came to a small commodity market, where the booth and commodity density is very high, usually the passenger flow is not small, such shopping malls are also the focus of the fire control. Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau Fire Department prosecutors: This fire extinguisher will use?　　Tell me how to use it? In the inspection process, we also found that the shop in the fire doors of the automatic door closed many have already broken down. Many of the fire doors that should have been kept closed are open.　　In the event of a fire, a relatively closed security space is difficult to secure. The mall's staff explained that this was due to the temporary failure of some of the closed doors, has not had time to repair. But we found in the doorway of the underground restaurant that some of the doors were not broken fire doors, usually kept open to facilitate people to pass. In the inspection we also found that there is no emergency light in the staircase lane of the mall, only AnnFull channel LEDs.　　It is hard to imagine how to evacuate a large number of people in the dark stairwell if an accident happens, after all the power is cut off from the building. Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau Fire Department prosecutors: I just saw you on that aisle. There is no emergency equipment, there is an evacuation instructions.　　It's not called an emergency light.　　Inspection team staff found that the mall eight fire control officers of the professional qualification Certificate of seven people have more than three years of validity limit. Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau Fire Department prosecutors: Comrade Roshun, your certificate has expired.　　Have you changed it? The head of the unit said that as some personnel are still in the course of one months of relevant training, the renewal of documents will take some time to get.　　And we see that some of these documents have expired in this year, even last year, and are overdue for half a year or more. Beijing Vice Mayor Huangweihuangwe: There are some problems are not only now, you have to learn from Shanghai's lesson, do not exist lucky psychology. You see, there are piles of stuff in these fire tunnels. The monitor can see it.　　This should be rectified in a timely manner.　　This is located in Chengdu City West Street 1th New City Plaza D three floor of a music bar, when inspectors arrived here when the bar lights brightly lit, but when the inspector closed the club's power supply here suddenly a dark.　　Chengdu City Fire Bureau inspectors: in the process of inspection, we asked him to power the room, and after the break is to check whether it's emergency lighting power supply, but we in the on-site inspection when the room power is broken, it's emergency lighting power supply is not.　　According to fire regulations, entertainment in the business period should be a fire patrol every two hours, any one of the fire services equipment can not be normal operation of the consequences can be very serious.　　Chengdu City Fire Department inspectors: If this emergency lighting, if there is an accident first, we can not find a safe exit and the direction of the evacuation channel, there may be a tread injury, squeeze injury that night the Chengdu Fire Brigade made the seizure of the music bar, and the law on its fire violations of the implementation of the investigation.　　Bar boss: Out of this thing, we have learned, we now pay more attention to, more grasp, in this respect, every two or three days we have to check once, put me inside the staff, all employees must understand the fire knowledge. November 15, Henan Province Nanyang Fire Detachment to the area has been accommodated and is building high-rise residential, also carried out a special inspection.　　Found in the inspection, the construction of high-rise building units, basically in accordance with the requirements to take effective preventive measures, but still found some problems.　　Nanyang Fire Detachment Construction Section chief Jiang Yunbin Jiang Yunbin: We found in the inspection, there are general problems, such as fire water is not equipped, fire equipment is not set up in place, the fire system has not been put in place. In the whole country launched a vigorous security screening, we met in Shanghai from the United States back to Mr. Shen, Mr. Shen originally in New York to engage in property management,I have also passed the New York Fire Safety Director Certificate, has more than 10 years of experience in fire management.　　When he learned that a security check was under way, Mr. Shen took reporters into the community.　　Mr. Shen: After the fire truck came, in this 11 feet can not stop the car, so in our other Shanghai community, everyone in front of the hydrant stopped the vehicle or pushed things, it is very dangerous. In the United States, the perimeter of all fire hydrants requires more than 5 meters of open space to facilitate the parking of fire engines. But in this neighborhood, two fire hydrants are all around the car.　　Came to the elevator, Mr. Shen found some different.　　Mr. Shen: He must mark out the escape ladder where, where to escape, in case of fire how do you escape in the safe passage, such as the accumulation of a lot of people are common, but Mr. Shen felt that these places are security risks.　　Mr. Shen: The carpet is on the door, we have to ask him to take it off, so it is absolutely impossible to put the flammable goods in the corridor, if you put it in the corridor, fire station to check, see this situation, it is for your property company to eat a ticket.　　And on the roof of the building, Mr. Shen found that the use of water tanks in the United States is very different.　　Shen: Our water tanks are mainly used for drinking water and water, in the United States, no matter how high your building, 20, 30, or even 100, it is also a water tank, the tank is used to fire.　　November 18 Chongqing Yubei District, Fire, construction, municipal and other departments dedicated to the area of high-rise buildings carried out a surprise inspection. In the Yubei District, the reporter noted that the city is carrying out a comprehensive renovation of urban features, many high-rise buildings on the street outside the façade of the building decoration materials are tightly wrapped up.　　Because this is the old City renovation, some of the construction area is very narrow, wire scrambling, electrical equipment piled up everywhere. Yubei District Fire Brigade team captain Tangchanfutanfu: In the construction site, the scaffold used a large number of bamboo springboard, these are combustible materials, in the event of welding slag fell on top, it is easy to cause fire accidents, and external wall scaffolding fire accident, it is easy to cause indoor combustible burning, in this case,　　Fire disposal is more difficult.　　In addition, the Inspectors also see that the construction of the main prevention of building materials fall and the role of the city's protection network also has a certain security risks.　　Tangchangfu: Just now we see this nylon products, once the fire, the flames will spread upward, while the burning of nylon products down the fall of Mars, soon resulting in the lower part of the nylon net formation of combustion, quickly formed the upper and lower parts of the fire at the same time the situation is very difficult. From our investigation, in addition to the dangers of fire facilities, a large number of flammable building insulation and construction materials to the city fire buried a time bomb. This is indeed a new phenomenon, because new insulation materials and building materials appear every year, once the material on fire, will be builtBuild a deadly hazard.　　How to use insulation materials on a large scale to reduce potential security risks? Shanghai 11.15 Fire accident shocked the whole country, these two days all have launched the Fire safety inspection. In front of us, we see that the detection of various safety hazards, the building uses flammable insulation material is very prominent.　　In fact, in recent years because of thermal insulation material caused by building fire is not an example, we also combed, a review.　　From 2007 onwards, with a variety of external wall insulation materials widely used, resulting in a fire.　　July 27, 2008, Jinan Olympic Sports Center, a succession of two fire, burned an area of about 3000 square meters, resulting in direct economic losses of about more than 750,000 yuan. Construction personnel: It is in the middle of fire on both sides of the fire is less than 100 days, November 11, jinan Olympic Sports Center roof of the east side of the rooftop fire again, over the area of 1284 square meters.　　After investigation, the fire cause is the construction personnel use the gasoline blowtorch hot melt waterproofing membrane, the high temperature flame ignition material insulation layer. October 9, 2008 16 o'clock, was under construction in Harbin "Jingwei 360 degrees" twin star building fire.　　After the fire department to find out that the fire is the workers welding, illegal operation of the ceiling on the explosion of polyurethane foam insulation layer decoration materials, resulting in fire. In this year's fire, because of external wall insulation material caused by fire is not a few.　　September 9, a residential building in Changchun caused by welding of external wall materials fire; September 15, Urumqi a building in the construction of buildings due to thermal insulation materials ignited fire; September 22, Urumqi a fire on the exterior wall insulation layer of high-rise residential building. Chananke, executive vice president of Shanghai Tongji City Planning and Design Institute, told reporters that the high-rise building fire in the past few years, 90% of the construction period occurred, mostly with the external wall insulation materials closely related.　　In his view, the 11.15 major fires are more casualties, one of the biggest reasons is building insulation material burning, causing the fire quickly spread to the entire building.　　Shanghai Tongji City Planning and Design Research Institute executive Vice President Shanan Keshananke: This time they this building is just in the transformation process, the renovation process used in the warm material itself is not a flammable material, but it was in the fire when it became a burning body. Chananke told us that the current use of insulation materials are in the dilemma of insulation and fire prevention, in the late 90, organic insulation polystyrene foam (EPS) and extruded Plate (XPS), began to be applied in China. The advantages of these materials are obvious: low cost, generally 50 yuan per square meter to 80 yuan, good insulation performance and easy construction, is widely used in building insulation. But this kind of material heat preservation is good, the flammability is very high, at present organic insulation material, all adds the flame retardant agent to the raw material, has certain flame-retardant effect. But EPs and XPS are still easy to catch and dissolve. Pu material can be extinguished, but it is difficult to extinguish when the temperature reaches a certain degree。　　What's more, when polyurethane burns, it produces more poisonous gases, and people who inhale a few bites die. Chananke: Large area of the use of this kind of our modern insulation materials, these insulation materials have not been a long-term practice check, large-scale adoption I think this is to be discussed.　　As far as I am concerned, I do not quite agree with this large-scale use of this polymer to do this insulation material. We understand that polystyrene foam and other insulation materials in our country is not prohibited at present, but because of serious fire problems, the United States already has more than 20 states prohibit the use of polystyrene foam (EPS); UK, 18 meters or more buildings are not allowed to use EPS board thin plastering exterior wall insulation system Germany stipulates that the system is not allowed to be used in buildings over 22 meters. Many insurers prohibit the insurance of EPS-insulated buildings. The Government of Japan has enacted regulations to make the phenolic foam with low smoke content after combustion of heat-resistant property as standard fuel-tolerant for public buildings. The combustion resistance is lower than phenolic foam and is not allowed in public buildings. Phenolic foams are used in the construction of high-grade public buildings such as "Water Cube" and Beijing Subway in China. At present, rock wool and glass wool as insulation materials, in the international market is widely used, rock wool high-temperature temperature can reach 650 ℃, glass cotton can also reach 300 ℃. German law clearly stipulates that more than 22 meters above the building is strictly prohibited use of organic combustible insulation materials (such as polystyrene, etc.), most of the use of rock wool external walls and roofing insulation.　　In Western Europe, Sweden and Finland, more than 80% of the rock wool products are used for building energy conservation. Half an hour observation system perfect is the best fire extinguisher it appears to be a disaster, but it has a more distinct economic character than a flood earthquake or tsunami volcano. From the point of view of fire safety, the basic means to reduce the fire loss as far as possible is economic means, and the economic factor is the decisive effect. At present, our society, diversified market interests, market main body diversification, market relations are also complicated, the existing fire fighting system, easily lead to ineffective supervision. If the standard and institutional arrangements are unreasonable, and make the illegal cost of fire less than illegal income, some enterprises and individuals will be willing to lower the cost of fire, and even illegal, desperate. From the fire, we should learn more about the technical aspects of fire fighting and more in-depth thinking.