Experts on migrant workers: the current labor shortage is like 30 years ago Hong Kong

From "Tide" to "labor shortage". The current "labor shortage" is similar to the 30 years ago, the Hong Kong migrant workers experts accepted an interview with the reporter said that the "employment War" Pearl River Delta should not panic Enterprise upgrade transformation is the key with Foxconn and other enterprises to move into Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Wuhan and other land, Sichuan and other land began to rob the Pearl River Delta, the Pearl River Delta "labor shortage" phenomenon intensified. How to view the current "labor shortage"? What is the reason for "labor shortage"? How to deal with "labor shortage" in Pearl River delta? Yesterday, several domestic migrant workers experts to accept this reporter interview, said the current situation in the Pearl River delta, very much like the late 70, the early 80 Hong Kong's pirated, the key needs of the Pearl River Delta Enterprise Upgrade transformation. Wen/reporter Wen Lau kong-Wah (Guangzhou): To enhance the safety of the Enterprise to attract migrant workers Guangzhou, vice president of the Academy of Social Sciences, said, "' labor shortage ' formation is a variety of reasons, there are wage levels, geographical proximity, cultural connotations and social and humanistic care and other factors, But it is essentially a question of wage levels. If the enterprises in the Pearl River Delta and other coastal areas have the advantage of wage level, it will not form a ' shortage of labor '. However, not the PRD enterprises are unwilling to raise wages, but the profit space is compressed, they face either the enterprise inland, or upgrade the fate of the transition. "How to deal with the current" labor shortage? Lau Kong-Wah believes that this need not panic, can calmly deal with. Lau Kong-Wah said that the present situation in the PRD is similar to that of Hong Kong in the late 70 and early 80. At that time, these processing industries in Hong Kong have no profit space, just in line with the reform and opening up the mainland, Hong Kong's processing industry has been moving inland Pearl River Delta.　　Now the Pearl River Delta's shoe factories, garment factories, electronics factories and other traditional processing enterprises are either transferred to the mainland or Vietnam, or shut themselves down. Lau Kong-Wah said that in response to the "labor shortage", the PRD enterprises need to fundamentally carry out industrial upgrading transformation, including the increase of the organic composition of capital. On the other hand, the PRD enterprises are also required to improve their working and living environment, so that migrant workers in the field feel safe and promising. "Lik (Director of the Institute of Regional Competitiveness of the Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences): Explore the local surplus labor force to fill the gap" labor shortage "why appear? Lik, director of the Institute of Regional Competitiveness of the Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences, said that one is the development of the Midwest economy, the Pearl River Delta to accept the reality that the original supply to us the number of cheap labor will become less.　　The second is that the wage level in Guangdong is not much different from that in the mainland, and it is not attractive to migrant workers. "This phenomenon will continue in the future, the Labor gap will become more and more, Guangdong How to do?" I think that there are two ways, one is the Pearl River Delta Enterprises in the wages of the upper and lower efforts to force enterprises to raise wage levels. Second, Guangdong's economy can no longer be ' two out '. Guangdong Province has 85 million registered population, a lot of farmers in the northern mountainous areas have to solve the problem of employment, to take this opportunity to explore Guangdong, western Guangdong, northern Guangdongand other areas of surplus labor resources, will ring the Pearl River delta region Economic Belt.　　"Lik analysis that the enterprise to raise wages, attract labor, is not an easy thing, this needs to be used to the secretary Wang Yang prescribed the prescription: transformation and upgrading, cage, improve the technical content. Shengzu (Director of Strategic Management Research Institute of Wuhan University): Open up the urban hukou limit so that farmers can change the public how to solve the "labor shortage"? Shengzu, dean of the Strategic Management Research Institute of Wuhan University, which has long studied the problem of peasant workers, under the premise of emphasizing multi-directional diversion, the rural urbanization of the Midwest as the main channel for the resettlement of rural surplus labor should make the rural urbanization become the "reservoir" of the rural surplus labor force, and the farmers ' income can be put up to a higher level. Farmers to achieve the nearest entrepreneurship, employment, some farmers into the public, through the reduction of farmers to increase the income of farmers. In the 80 's, the government advocated an industrial model of "leaving the land out of the Earth", and although many farmers had achieved a career shift, they still lived in the peasant life. The migrant workers who went to town in the 90 's were not accepted by the city and became pendulum-type floating population. None of these farmers had completely severed the "umbilical cord" of the land.　　Only to open up the urban hukou limit, farmers become citizens, "labor shortage" problem will no longer exist. The present situation in the PRD is similar to that of Hong Kong in the late 70 and early 80. At that time, these processing industries in Hong Kong have no profit space, just in line with the reform and opening up the mainland, Hong Kong's processing industry has been moving inland Pearl River Delta. Otherwise, the processing industry in Hong Kong will be diverted to other parts of Southeast Asia.　　Now the Pearl River Delta's shoe factories, garment factories, electronics factories and other traditional processing enterprises are either transferred to the mainland or Vietnam, or shut themselves down.　　--Lau Kong-Wah reporter notes They are not workers carrying snake skins. Almost every peasant worker has a series of unforgettable and "unwilling and outside humanity also" personal struggle history, spiritual growth history. A few days ago, I saw in Jintang County, Sichuan Province, the town has more than 200 employees Kam Chau Garment factory boss Wang Hongjong. Wang Hongjong said that her lifelong most unforgettable experience is 23 years ago alone went to Guangdong to work, at that time she was under 17 years old, only primary school second grade education. On the train to Guangzhou, loaded with home to the 70 yuan of living expenses of the bags were squeezed off, Wang Hongjong wearing a suit came to Dongguan Houjie thick leather factory. I borrowed a dress from my colleague for one months. Save enough for the rest of the month and send all the other money back.　　"Here, Wang Hongjong tears. Reporter in the interview learned that many wage earners to achieve the "Sparrow to Phoenix" dream.　　They have been from carrying a snake skins to the big city a young man, turned into a dream, "go it Alone" small business owners. Sun Chengzhi, Jintang County, Sichuan Province, the Jinghua village in 1991 after graduating from high school to work in Dongguan, he became the manager of the "Jintang Days of Shoes factory" this year before the Spring festival in Penny town opening. Decade, the reporter came to the factory, saw sixty or seventy localThe female worker is busy on the assembly line. "Many of these workers came back from the Guangdong side and went to work near the local office after a year." Our factory is a branch of Dongguan General Factory, is to attract the nearest labor force. I have a small share. Sun Chengzhi wearing down jacket, cheerfully to the reporter introduced. Work has changed the fate of tens of thousands of wage earners, migrant girls.　　The peasant workers group also promoted the modernization process of contemporary China. The "Modern Chinese Small Dictionary", which was printed in 1991, explains the purpose of "migrant workers" by taking part in the construction of roads, dams or the transportation of troops under the government's mobilization or call for help.　　"This explanation with a strong planned economy color, it is easy to make people with the road, embankment, transportation and other hard work to link together." In the interview, we also asked experts who study the Problem of peasant workers: "What is the meaning of migrant workers?" "Every time the experts replied," the so-called peasant workers, as the name suggests, is the peasant worker. "So peasant workers are farmers or workers?"　　"The experts are not clear about this problem, but most of them tell the truth: Peasant workers are farmers ' identities, but they do work for workers."　　It is not dawu that the original vocabulary of peasant workers has Chinese characteristics, which is a peculiar phenomenon of urban-rural dualistic social structure appearing under the current household register management system in China. Although most of the community has now recognized that migrant workers to enter the city and return to entrepreneurship to increase farmers ' income, adjust industrial structure, accelerate the positive role of China's industrialization process, but we found that a large part of the migrant workers are still living in the social fringe of the crowd-the city of discrimination, labor rights and interests are not protected,　　The spiritual world is empty. Peasant workers are not only a generation full of grassroots power, but also full of helpless and helpless generation.