Experts say 5.4 trillion of the country's gray income is not included in statistics

2008, the national disposable income of 23.2 trillion yuan, higher than the statistics of the National Statistical Office of 5.4 trillion Yuan trainee reporter Hu Yajun Beijing reported that "I am still in the brain before the task of data", for the interview one or two times of trance,　　Wang Xiaolu, deputy director of the National Institute of Economic Reform of China Foundation, has some apologetic explanations.　　He said the subject refers to the newly completed "Gray income and national income distribution" study, the report shows that 2008 the total disposable income of urban and rural residents amounted to 23.2 trillion yuan, compared to the national statistical office "capital Flow statement" in the household disposable income calculated by 5.4 trillion yuan.　　In his view, the 5.4 trillion yuan of gray income omitted by official statistics seriously distorted the status of national income distribution. He worries that society and some government officials have interpreted the reform of income distribution as a simple rise in wages, "if the government only thinks of raising wages by administrative means, it will only benefit from the ' system ', and it may pull up rather than reduce the income gap."　　"The current reforms need both political determination and an integrated, authoritative reform body to advance", and he believes that without such a body that transcends sectoral interests, reform will not be materially promoted. There is a huge omission from the official data "21st century": according to your calculations, the 2008 National urban and rural residents disposable income of 23.2 trillion yuan, which than the national statistical office "capital Flow statement" of household disposable income calculated higher than 5.4 trillion yuan. What's the reason?　　What do you mean by grey income? Wang Xiaolu: The statistical office is using a standardized statistical random sampling method, which is good, but in practice it will face two situations where respondents refuse to investigate or provide untrue information.　　It is hard to get real income data, especially for high-income groups. Of course, this is not simply a statistical omission problem. It is called grey income because part of the people's revenue is opaque, undisclosed, and unclear. There are a lot of grey income, which shows that there are many drawbacks and loopholes in the current government management system, which leads to a great deal of corruption and rent-seeking behavior around power. There are also many problems in the management system of public funds, resources and land, which leads to the leakage and unreasonable allocation of public resources.　　There are also many problems in the distribution system of natural resources income and monopolistic income, which leads to the disparity of income between monopolistic industry and competitive industry as well as between different groups within monopolistic industry.　　Make up the institutional loophole to eliminate gray income "21st century": According to your study, by the household 10% Group, the 2008 urban maximum income and the lowest income households, the actual per capita income gap is 26 times times, urban and rural households per capita income difference 65 times times, what do you think the current income gap is a huge reason?　Wang Xiaolu: In the 30 years of reform, the income gap between urban and rural areas, regions and different strata of the country seems to be widening, partly due to the current stage of development and economic restructuring.　After experiencing the early stage of liberal capitalism, Western developed countries in order to ensure that the income gap is in a socially acceptable range, a number of institutional changes have been made in the last century in terms of social security, income redistribution, public services, and the establishment of a system of progressive income tax, transfer payments, social security and public services. But we have not yet fully established these systems, China's social security system is still in the establishment of a sound process. The survey found that social security was more covered by middle-and middle-income earners, and that the coverage of low-income earners was still low and the level of protection actually enjoyed was lower.　　There are great differences in service between urban and rural areas and among different populations, and there are unequal opportunities. On the other hand, the problem is related to the system, related to corruption and gray income, resulting in a few people rich in irregular ways, to encroach on social resources. The reason why such a large amount of corruption and gray income is because of the current government management system, fiscal system, tax system, income distribution system, there are drawbacks and loopholes, there are not perfect place.　　To solve this problem, only by filling in the hole of the system can we solve the problem of unfair distribution caused by the imperfect system.　　Income distribution reform is not a simple rise in wages 21st century: How do you think you can push forward the process of income distribution reform and control the income gap within a reasonable range? Wang Xiaolu: To really promote the reform of income distribution, to prevent the income gap between residents quickly widening, on the one hand to speed up the improvement of social security and public service system, improve the collective bargaining mechanism for wage adjustment, reasonable adjustment of the minimum wage, on the other hand to promote the reform of the tax system and government management system　　This is a complex system engineering.　　One of the problems I am worried about now is that the income distribution reform is understood to be a simple wage rise. "21st century": Some scholars put forward the plan of national income multiplication, but people doubt that the benefits can fall to whom.　　The data show that the income of people within the system has doubled in 2003-2007 years and five years, but the income outside the system has not changed. Wang Xiaolu: If the government only thinks of raising wages by administrative means, then who will it be put to? The most easily changed is the civil service raises wages, the state-owned enterprise unit raises the salary. If those who really rely on market regulation cannot move, moving the wages of those who can change by executive power, the result is a widening income gap rather than a narrowing of the income gap. In addition, if you really use the way of executive orders to raise wages comprehensively, instead of market regulation, it is likely to seriously affect the normal operation of enterprises, affecting employment.　　These are the places I am particularly worried about.　　Reform needs to be upgraded restructuring 21st century: What are your suggestions for reforming the current financial system? Wang Xiaolu: The first step is to clearly define the functions of Governments at all levels and to clearly define their financial sources. The amount of money needed by local governments to perform normal public service functions should be included in the regular budget of local governments, which requires adjusting the financial relationship between the central government and the local governments, and the financial resources may have to be redistributed at various levels.。　　But correspondingly, the financial right of all levels of government should be subject to strict system and social supervision, so that the money is spent in the place.　　Of these, the most important thing is the implementation of sunshine Finance, but now these are not satisfactory.　　We need to establish a system that requires Governments at all levels to disclose both budget and extrabudgetary accounts truthfully and in detail to the community, otherwise they will not be supervised.　　21st Century: In addition to the tax system reform, you also mentioned to promote the reform of government management system, what do you think the current government management system problems in? Wang Xiaolu: I think the biggest problem may be several aspects, one is that the management system of public funds and resources is not perfect, the second is to redefine the function of government and realize the transformation of government function.　　The Administrative Licensing Act of previous years was a good start, but it did not go on and was not fully implemented;　　These need to build an authority that goes beyond the interests of the sector to consider in order to promote reform.　　"21st century": Previously had restructuring such department, you mean now need restructuring return?　　Wang Xiaolu: Restructuring played a great role in China's transition from a planned economy to a market economic system, because restructuring, unlike the then Ministry of Finance and the State Planning Commission, which has a function of responsibility, can transcend departmental interests and sectoral perspectives and consider the whole reform in a more objective and neutral manner.　　Later restructuring revoked, eventually merged to the NDRC, to keep a bureau is the reform, China reform so big thing, a bureau can manage it? Moreover, the NDRC itself is also a power department, functional department, on the one hand, he will play football, on the other hand, as referee.　　There is a role conflict. What we need is not the simple return of restructuring, but an upgraded version of the organization, this comprehensive department should not only bear the economic system reform, but also assume the functions of political restructuring, at least to promote the government management system reform, tax reform. But to be determined to push ahead with reform, the institution cannot close the door to a reform package, but it needs to solicit social views, listen to the community and develop consensus. The reform programme was also to be prevented from being kidnapped by vested interests.