Two groups of lines: Scientific development PK Accelerate development

Hu Angang (Tsinghua University National Research Center Director of State Planning Expert committee member) "Twelve-Five" period should not scientific development? How to move from accelerating development to scientific development? How to avoid the strategic goal of changing the mode of economic development frustrated?　　How to guide the place correctly, liberate from the new dogmatism of "GDP is in the lead"? The key point is to solve the core problem of "diametrically opposite" between central and local development ideas and routes, and correctly handle the relationship between central and local "two enthusiasm", not only to protect the local "good enthusiasm", but do not encourage and accommodate the local "blind enthusiasm", the local enthusiasm to guide the development of Science,　　To promote local government from the GDP growth competition to the public service competition.　　What is the biggest achievement of local government? In my opinion, under the condition of socialist market economy, the biggest difference between the national development plan and the planned economy is that GDP is no longer the biggest achievement of the government, but the biggest achievement of the main market, which includes investors, enterprises, self-employed, farmers and consumers, including foreign-funded enterprises, etc.　　They are the main body of creating social material and spiritual wealth, and of course the main body of GDP. The government is not to create the main body of GDP, but the provider of macroeconomic stability, their performance is reflected in the stability of the macro-economy, which can be measured and objectively evaluated by economic fluctuation coefficient, consumer price index, unemployment rate, balance of payments, fiscal income and other macroeconomic indicators. Even if the government's performance is not the performance of local government, but the performance of the central government, because only the central government is responsible for macro-economic control and provide national public goods, namely macroeconomic stability, is usually said "is the central Committee, the State Council the correct decision and leadership results." As local governments at all levels are the executive of this decision, do not put this macroeconomic stability in their own "head", not to create the market main body of GDP and growth rate in their own "head", as their "political achievements", otherwise there is "greed of the world's work" suspicion, the wrong paying.　　That is the main reason why GDP cannot be used to assess local government performance. Economists often call the capitalist spirit, the pursuit of profit maximization, "animal spirits", which means that the impulses of private investment are driven by natural instincts. In fact, long time, many places have become the pursuit of GDP, "animal spirit", with a strong investment impulse, desperately "gets going."　　As entrepreneurs, investors, the pursuit of growth and investment profits of the "animal spirit" is understandable, however, as local officials blindly pursue growth and investment performance, it is possible to appear in the market economy in the field of serious "offside", and the people (refers to the market subject) for profit, but in the public service area seriously "vacancy", (public) service is not in place. One of the important characteristics of China's basic conditions is that the development conditions vary greatly, I call it "one China, four world", so using GDP growth rate or per capita GDP level to evaluate the performance and ranking of different local governments, neither fair norUnscientific. In China, we need not only the fierce competition between the market subjects, but also the local competitions under the guidance of the central government, but change the index and baton of the competition.　　The abolition of GDP assessment indicators, not on the basis of GDP hero, but on the scientific development concept of heroes, which needs to transform the GDP competition into a public service competition, improve the people's livelihood competition, energy conservation and emission reduction competition, social management competition, this is fair and reasonable, neither offside nor vacancy. Beware of the new "GDP escalation war" at present each local party committee "Twelve-Five" plan "The proposal" has been promulgated successively. From the present public 23 provinces (urban) party committee on the "Twelve-Five" plan of the proposal to see, only 3 provinces (urban) are consistent with the central government, which is weakening economic growth indicators, 10 provinces (urban areas) continue to lock in the fast-growing target, still pursuing more than 10% of the high growth; there are 10 provinces (urban areas), Or to gets going, the pursuit of more than 12% of the growth rate, of which 7 provinces (urban) proposed a doubling of the target (ie, the growth rate to 14%). (see table) estimated that there are 25 regions in the country over 10%, I asked a province: "More than 10%?" "The answer is around 13.5%.　　Some cities and counties also put forward five years of "GDP doubled half" target (ie, growth rate to reach 20%). It can be said that most local governments in the formulation of "Twelve-Five" planning goals, still locked in the "accelerated development" of the track, we call it "path dependence" and "self-locking." This is a typical "left light, run to the right", or "quick word", or "gets going".　　If this tendency is not contained in time, the amplification effect of "Twelve-Five" economic growth will only be more than "Eleven-Five", and the goal of changing the mode of economic development may be frustrated. GDP assessment should be abolished from the world power, countries do not count the gross domestic product, not to mention the comparison or assessment of GDP, which is prone to duplication of calculation, unscientific and untrue. Because China is too big, the current statistics of the provincial gross domestic product is still reasonable, there is no need to statistics province below the gross domestic product.　　From the perspective of the future, but also with international standards, and gradually eliminate the provincial GDP statistics, only the national GDP, can not produce two different GDP data. What are their political achievements after local governments have canceled their regional GDP targets? In my opinion, the greatest achievement of local government is to improve people's livelihood, to provide local basic public services and important public goods, to strengthen social management, to carry out market supervision, to create a good investment environment, to implement green development, to strengthen energy-saving emission reduction and to protect the ecological environment. From different levels of government, the more the lower the Government, the more the public service function should be strengthened and the economic function should be diluted.　　This is the basic direction of the transformation of local government functions and the fundamental direction of local administrative system reform. The National Development and Reform Commission should work with the Central Organization department and the Ministry of Human Resources and social security to develop implementation rules that adequately reflect scientificThe assessment system of the development view has liberated the vast area from GDP, and changed from accelerating development to scientific development.　　This is the national "Twelve-Five" plan the biggest political and economic bright spot, the biggest innovation place. From the GDP growth rate indicators, to the local government poured cold water, not oral scientific development, the actual non-scientific development. For local governments, especially below the province, the implementation of rural residents per capita income, urban residents per capita income growth indicators more important. Here, we propose to replace net income or disposable incomes with gross household income. Total income includes operating income, wage income, transfer income, social Security medical insurance, unemployment insurance, agricultural direct subsidy, and so on, also includes property income, rent a house, lease of land.　　Thus, the use of gross income is better and is in line with international practices. The central government proposed to achieve two simultaneous growth, that is, economic growth and urban and rural residents ' income synchronized growth. From the whole country, between 2006 and 2009, the growth rate of nominal GDP in almost all regions exceeded the nominal per capita income growth rate of urban and rural residents, the higher the nominal GDP growth rate, the greater the gap between the two. Taking the highest growth rate in Inner Mongolia as an example, the nominal GDP growth rate was 25.67% during the period from 2006 to 2009, but the nominal per capita disposable incomes and net income of urban and rural areas were 14.76% and 13.37% respectively. High economic growth does not necessarily bring about a corresponding increase in the income of residents. The income growth of the residents in this region is very meaningful, not to grow, but rather than to measure GDP growth but to measure residents ' income. Only when the total per capita income of urban and rural residents can reach 7%, then this is the economic growth that people need. That would make it possible to pledge to the people of the country that the goal of doubling the total income of each national population would be achieved in the coming decade.