Jedis對redis的操作詳解

通過前一篇《redis的簡單使用》的簡單介紹，本篇主要闡述Jedis對redis的五大類型的操作：字串、列表、散列、集合、有序集合。 JedisUtil

這裡的測試案例採用junit4進行運行，準備代碼如下：

    private static final String ipAddr = "10.10.195.112";    private static final int port = 6379;    private static Jedis jedis= null;    @BeforeClass    public static void init()    {        jedis = JedisUtil.getInstance().getJedis(ipAddr, port);    }    @AfterClass    public static void close()    {        JedisUtil.getInstance().closeJedis(jedis,ipAddr, port);    }

其中JedisUtil是對jedis做的簡單封裝，代碼如下：

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;public class JedisUtil{    private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());    private JedisUtil(){}    private static class RedisUtilHolder{        private static final JedisUtil instance = new JedisUtil();    }    public static JedisUtil getInstance(){        return RedisUtilHolder.instance;    }    private static Map<String,JedisPool> maps = new HashMap<String,JedisPool>();    private static JedisPool getPool(String ip, int port){        String key = ip+":"+port;        JedisPool pool = null;        if(!maps.containsKey(key))        {            JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();            config.setMaxActive(RedisConfig.MAX_ACTIVE);            config.setMaxIdle(RedisConfig.MAX_IDLE);            config.setMaxWait(RedisConfig.MAX_WAIT);            config.setTestOnBorrow(true);            config.setTestOnReturn(true);            pool = new JedisPool(config,ip,port,RedisConfig.TIMEOUT);            maps.put(key, pool);        }        else        {            pool = maps.get(key);        }        return pool;            }    public Jedis getJedis(String ip, int port)    {        Jedis jedis = null;        int count = 0;        do        {            try            {                jedis = getPool(ip,port).getResource();            }            catch (Exception e)            {                logger.error("get redis master1 failed!",e);                getPool(ip,port).returnBrokenResource(jedis);            }        }        while(jedis == null && count<RedisConfig.RETRY_NUM);        return jedis;    }    public void closeJedis(Jedis jedis, String ip, int port){        if(jedis != null)        {            getPool(ip,port).returnResource(jedis);        }    }}public class RedisConfig{    //可用串連執行個體的最大數目，預設值為8；    //如果賦值為-1，則表示不限制；如果pool已經分配了maxActive個jedis執行個體，則此時pool的狀態為exhausted(耗盡)。    public static int MAX_ACTIVE = 1024;    //控制一個pool最多有多少個狀態為idle(閒置)的jedis執行個體，預設值也是8。    public static int MAX_IDLE = 200;    //等待可用串連的最大時間，單位毫秒，預設值為-1，表示永不逾時。如果超過等待時間，則直接拋出JedisConnectionException；    public static int MAX_WAIT = 10000;    public static int TIMEOUT = 10000;    public static int RETRY_NUM = 5;}

鍵操作

    @Test public void testKey() throws InterruptedException    {        System.out.println("清空資料："+jedis.flushDB());        System.out.println("判斷某個鍵是否存在："+jedis.exists("username"));        System.out.println("新增<'username','zzh'>的索引值對："+jedis.set("username", "zzh"));        System.out.println(jedis.exists("name"));        System.out.println("新增<'password','password'>的索引值對："+jedis.set("password", "password"));        System.out.print("系統中所有的鍵如下：");        Set<String> keys = jedis.keys("*");        System.out.println(keys);        System.out.println("刪除鍵password:"+jedis.del("password"));        System.out.println("判斷鍵password是否存在："+jedis.exists("password"));        System.out.println("設定鍵username的到期時間為5s:"+jedis.expire("username", 5));        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);        System.out.println("查看鍵username的剩餘存留時間："+jedis.ttl("username"));        System.out.println("移除鍵username的存留時間："+jedis.persist("username"));        System.out.println("查看鍵username的剩餘存留時間："+jedis.ttl("username"));        System.out.println("查看鍵username所儲存的值的類型："+jedis.type("username"));    }

輸出結果：

清空資料：OK判斷某個鍵是否存在：false新增<'username','zzh'>的索引值對：OKfalse新增<'password','password'>的索引值對：OK系統中所有的鍵如下：[username, password]刪除鍵password:1判斷鍵password是否存在：false設定鍵username的到期時間為5s:1查看鍵username的剩餘存留時間：3移除鍵username的存留時間：1查看鍵username的剩餘存留時間：-1查看鍵username所儲存的值的類型：string

字串操作

在Redis裡面，字串可以儲存三種類型的值： 位元組串(byte string) 整數 浮點數 位元組串

    @Test public void testString() throws InterruptedException    {        jedis.flushDB();        System.out.println("===========增加資料===========");        System.out.println(jedis.set("key1","value1"));        System.out.println(jedis.set("key2","value2"));        System.out.println(jedis.set("key3", "value3"));        System.out.println("刪除鍵key2:"+jedis.del("key2"));        System.out.println("擷取鍵key2:"+jedis.get("key2"));        System.out.println("修改key1:"+jedis.set("key1", "value1Changed"));        System.out.println("擷取key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));        System.out.println("在key3後面加入值："+jedis.append("key3", "End"));        System.out.println("key3的值："+jedis.get("key3"));        System.out.println("增加多個索引值對："+jedis.mset("key01","value01","key02","value02","key03","value03"));        System.out.println("擷取多個索引值對："+jedis.mget("key01","key02","key03"));        System.out.println("擷取多個索引值對："+jedis.mget("key01","key02","key03","key04"));        System.out.println("刪除多個索引值對："+jedis.del(new String[]{"key01","key02"}));        System.out.println("擷取多個索引值對："+jedis.mget("key01","key02","key03"));        jedis.flushDB();        System.out.println("===========新增索引值對防止覆蓋原先值==============");        System.out.println(jedis.setnx("key1", "value1"));        System.out.println(jedis.setnx("key2", "value2"));        System.out.println(jedis.setnx("key2", "value2-new"));        System.out.println(jedis.get("key1"));        System.out.println(jedis.get("key2"));        System.out.println("===========新增索引值對並設定有效時間=============");        System.out.println(jedis.setex("key3", 2, "value3"));        System.out.println(jedis.get("key3"));        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);        System.out.println(jedis.get("key3"));        System.out.println("===========擷取原值，更新為新值==========");//GETSET is an atomic set this value and return the old value command.        System.out.println(jedis.getSet("key2", "key2GetSet"));        System.out.println(jedis.get("key2"));        System.out.println("獲得key2的值的字串："+jedis.getrange("key2", 2, 4));    }

輸出結果：

===========增加資料===========OKOKOK刪除鍵key2:1擷取鍵key2:null修改key1:OK擷取key1的值：value1Changed在key3後面加入值：9key3的值：value3End增加多個索引值對：OK擷取多個索引值對：[value01, value02, value03]擷取多個索引值對：[value01, value02, value03, null]刪除多個索引值對：2擷取多個索引值對：[null, null, value03]===========新增索引值對防止覆蓋原先值==============110value1value2===========新增索引值對並設定有效時間=============OKvalue3null===========擷取原值，更新為新值==========value2key2GetSet獲得key2的值的字串：y2G

memcached和redis同樣有append的操作，但是memcached有prepend的操作，redis中並沒有。 整數和浮點數

    @Test public void testNumber()    {        jedis.flushDB();        jedis.set("key1", "1");        jedis.set("key2", "2");        jedis.set("key3", "2.3");        System.out.println("key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));        System.out.println("key2的值："+jedis.get("key2"));        System.out.println("key1的值加1："+jedis.incr("key1"));        System.out.println("擷取key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));        System.out.println("key2的值減1："+jedis.decr("key2"));        System.out.println("擷取key2的值："+jedis.get("key2"));        System.out.println("將key1的值加上整數5："+jedis.incrBy("key1", 5));        System.out.println("擷取key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));        System.out.println("將key2的值減去整數5："+jedis.decrBy("key2", 5));        System.out.println("擷取key2的值："+jedis.get("key2"));    }

輸出結果：

key1的值：1key2的值：2key1的值加1：2擷取key1的值：2key2的值減1：1擷取key2的值：1將key1的值加上整數5：7擷取key1的值：7將key2的值減去整數5：-4擷取key2的值：-4

在redis2.6或以上版本中有這個命令：incrbyfloat，即將鍵儲存的值加上浮點數amount，jedis-2.1.0中不支援這一操作。 列表

@Test public void testList(){    jedis.flushDB();    System.out.println("===========添加一個list===========");    jedis.lpush("collections", "ArrayList", "Vector", "Stack", "HashMap", "WeakHashMap", "LinkedHashMap");    jedis.lpush("collections", "HashSet");    jedis.lpush("collections", "TreeSet");    jedis.lpush("collections", "TreeMap");    System.out.println("collections的內容："+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));//-1代表倒數第一個元素，-2代表倒數第二個元素    System.out.println("collections區間0-3的元素："+jedis.lrange("collections",0,3));    System.out.println("===============================");    // 刪除列表指定的值 ，第二個參數為刪除的個數（有重複時），後add進去的值先被刪，類似於出棧    System.out.println("刪除指定元素個數："+jedis.lrem("collections", 2, "HashMap"));    System.out.println("collections的內容："+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));    System.out.println("刪除下表0-3區間之外的元素："+jedis.ltrim("collections", 0, 3));    System.out.println("collections的內容："+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));    System.out.println("collections列表出棧（左端）："+jedis.lpop("collections"));    System.out.println("collections的內容："+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));    System.out.println("collections添加元素，從列表右端，與lpush相對應："+jedis.rpush("collections", "EnumMap"));    System.out.println("collections的內容："+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));    System.out.println("collections列表出棧（右端）："+jedis.rpop("collections"));    System.out.println("collections的內容："+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));    System.out.println("修改collections指定下標1的內容："+jedis.lset("collections", 1, "LinkedArrayList"));    System.out.println("collections的內容："+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));    System.out.println("===============================");    System.out.println("collections的長度："+jedis.llen("collections"));    System.out.println("擷取collections下標為2的元素："+jedis.lindex("collections", 2));    System.out.println("===============================");    jedis.lpush("sortedList", "3","6","2","0","7","4");    System.out.println("sortedList排序前："+jedis.lrange("sortedList", 0, -1));    System.out.println(jedis.sort("sortedList"));    System.out.println("sortedList排序後："+jedis.lrange("sortedList", 0, -1));}

輸出結果：

===========添加一個list===========collections的內容：[TreeMap, TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap, WeakHashMap, HashMap, Stack, Vector, ArrayList]collections區間0-3的元素：[TreeMap, TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap]===============================刪除指定元素個數：1collections的內容：[TreeMap, TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap, WeakHashMap, Stack, Vector, ArrayList]刪除下表0-3區間之外的元素：OKcollections的內容：[TreeMap, TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap]collections列表出棧（左端）：TreeMapcollections的內容：[TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap]collections添加元素，從列表右端，與lpush相對應：4collections的內容：[TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap, EnumMap]collections列表出棧（右端）：EnumMapcollections的內容：[TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap]修改collections指定下標1的內容：OKcollections的內容：[TreeSet, LinkedArrayList, LinkedHashMap]===============================collections的長度：3擷取collections下標為2的元素：LinkedHashMap===============================sortedList排序前：[4, 7, 0, 2, 6, 3][0, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7]sortedList排序後：[4, 7, 0, 2, 6, 3]

Redis中還有阻塞式的列表彈出命令以及在列表之間移動元素的命令：blpop, brpop, rpoplpush, brpoplpush等。 集合（Set）

    @Test public void testSet()    {        jedis.flushDB();        System.out.println("============向集合中添加元素============");        System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet", "e1","e2","e4","e3","e0","e8","e7","e5"));        System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet", "e6"));        System.out.println(jedis