What’s New in Internet Information Services 6.0

前幾天安裝了Windows Server 2003,哎呀,新的IIS6呀,調試ASP.NET的時候還說許可權不足呢!(對於這個問題的解決辦法前面有解決辦法了!),就是ASP都不是預設可以的,由此來看IIS6的許可權要求更加嚴格了,今天找到了這篇文章,因為時間原因,大體看了一下,晚上還要準備競選和明天的ORACLE考試,明天晚上給大家把重點翻譯出來.Introduction

Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0 is a powerful Web server, available in all versions of Microsoft Windows Server 2003, which provides a highly reliable, manageable, scalable, and secure Web application infrastructure. IIS 6.0 enables organizations of all sizes to quickly and easily deploy Web sites and provides a high-performance platform for applications built using Microsoft asp.net and the Microsoft .NET Framework. This article provides an overview of benefits, new features, and improvements for IIS with Windows Server 2003.

Benefits

IIS 6.0 can increase the reliability of your Web infrastructure, reduce your total cost of ownership through easier server management and server consolidation, increase the security of your information systems, and deliver a platform for improved developer productivity.

Benefit	Description
Increased Web server reliability and availability	IIS 6.0 features a new, fault-tolerant architecture with health monitoring and process recycling that significantly increases the reliability of your Web server infrastructure. IIS 6.0 ensures that one application's problems don't cause another application, or the server itself, to fail. These features increase the availability of your Web sites and applications and can reduce the time administrators spend managing these applications.
Easier server management	IIS 6.0 features many new management tools designed to reduce the amount of time it takes to manage your Web server infrastructure. These features include a plain text XML configuration file that can be modified without having to stop the server, and command-line scripting. With these features, IIS 6.0 can increase the number of servers that a single administrator can manage.
Server consolidation	IIS 6.0 is a highly-scalable Web server that provides new opportunities for Web server consolidation. By combining a reliable architecture with kernel-mode cache performance, IIS 6.0 enables more applications to be hosted on a single server. Server consolidation can reduce staffing costs, hardware costs, and site management costs.
Faster application development	With Windows Server 2003 and IIS 6.0, application developers benefit from a single, integrated application hosting environment. Building on IIS 6.0, the .NET Framework, and asp.net, Windows Server 2003 offers developers a broad choice of languages for rapid application development and fast, reliable hosting performance. IIS 6.0 also offers international support and support for the latest Web standards.
Increased security	IIS 6.0 provides significantly improved security for Web servers. IIS 6.0 is locked down by default, limiting the attack surface area through aggressive security defaults. In addition, authentication and authorization have been improved. IIS 6.0 also provides increased management capabilities, improved administration with the XML metabase, and new command-line tools. IIS 6.0 can increase the security of your information systems while decreasing system management costs.

Increased Web Server Reliability and Availability

IIS 6.0 has been extensively redesigned to increase Web server reliability and availability. The new fault-tolerant process architecture and other features can help you reduce unplanned server downtime and increase application availability.

Feature	Description
Fault-tolerant process architecture	The IIS 6.0 fault-tolerant process architecture isolates Web sites and applications into self-contained units called application pools. Application pools provide a convenient way to administer a set of Web sites and applications and increase reliability, because errors in one application pool cannot cause another application pool, or the server itself, to fail.
Health monitoring	IIS 6.0 periodically checks the status of an application pool with automatic restart on failure of the Web sites and applications within that application pool, increasing application availability. IIS 6.0 protects the server, and other applications, by automatically disabling Web sites and applications that fail too often within a short amount of time.
Automatic process recycling	IIS 6.0 automatically stops and restarts faulty Web sites and applications based on a flexible set of criteria, including CPU utilization and memory consumption, while queuing requests. IIS 6.0 also maintains the client TCP/IP connection when a worker process is being recycled, isolating Web services client applications from back-end Web application instability.
Rapid-fail protection	If an application fails too often within a short amount of time, IIS 6.0 will automatically disable it and return a "503 Service Unavailable" error message to any new or queued requests to the application. Custom actions, for example, a debugging action or administrator notification, can also be triggered. Rapid-fail protection can protect a Web server against denial of service attacks.

Easier Server Management

Management of your Web infrastructure is easier and more flexible with IIS 6.0, providing the opportunity for IT management cost savings.

Feature	Description
XML-based configuration file	The XML-formatted, plain text metabase in IIS 6.0 provides improved backup and restore capabilities for servers that experience critical failures. It also provides improved troubleshooting and metabase corruption recovery. Direct editing, using common text editing tools, provides greater manageability.
Edit-while-running	IIS 6.0 gives administrators the important capability to change the server configuration while the server continues running. For example, this feature can be used to add a new site, create virtual directories, or change the configuration of application pools and worker processes—all while IIS 6.0 continues to process requests—with no recompilation or restart required.
Command-line and script-based administration	IIS 6.0 administrators can use the Windows Server 2003 command-line to accomplish many common management tasks. With a single command, administrators can manage multiple local or remote computers. IIS 6.0 also features a complete scripting environment for automating common system administration tasks from the command-line without having to use a graphical user interface.
Support for WMI	IIS 6.0 provides full support for Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI), giving Web administrators access to important system management data, such as performance counters and configuration files. The WMI interfaces, similar in nature to the Microsoft Active Directory Service Interfaces (ADSI) that are still supported, are used in administration scripts and can also be used to modify the XML-based configuration metabase.

Server Consolidation

IIS 6.0 performance has increased dramatically over previous versions of the server, with a single server able to host many more sites and applications.

Feature	Description
Site scalability	IIS 6.0 has improved the way the operating system uses internal resources. For example, IIS 6.0 does not pre-allocate resources at initialization time. Many more sites can be hosted on a single server running IIS 6.0, and a larger number of worker processes can be concurrently active. Starting up and shutting down a server is faster, compared with earlier versions of IIS. All of these improvements contribute to increased site scalability with IIS 6.0.
New kernel-mode driver, HTTP.sys	Windows Server 2003 introduces a new kernel-mode driver, HTTP protocol stack (HTTP.sys), for HTTP parsing and caching, providing increased scalability and performance. IIS 6.0 is built on top of HTTP.sys and is specifically tuned to increase Web server throughput.
Web gardens	IIS 6.0 worker process isolation mode also enables multiple worker processes to be configured to service requests for a given application pool, a configuration known as a Web garden.
Processor affinity	Processor affinity, when set, enables IIS 6.0 worker processes to run on specific microprocessors or CPUs. Processor affinity can also be used with Web gardens that run on multiprocessor computers where clusters of CPUs have been dedicated to specific application pools.

Faster Application Development

The Windows Server 2003 application environment improves the productivity of developers by providing a complete set of integrated application services and industry-leading tool support.

Feature	Description
asp.net and IIS integration	Windows Server 2003 offers an improved developer experience with asp.net and IIS integration. Building on IIS 6.0, Windows Server 2003 enhancements offer developers high levels of functionality such as rapid application development (RAD) and a broad choice of languages. In Windows Server 2003, the experience of using asp.net and the .NET Framework is improved because the request-processing architecture is integrated with IIS 6.0.
Microsoft .NET Framework	The Microsoft .NET Framework enables developers to create great Web applications with the help of asp.net and other technologies. It also helps them build the same type of applications they design and develop today. The .NET Framework is language-neutral; virtually any programming language can target it. Developers can build .NET-based applications and services in a number of languages, including Microsoft Visual C++ .NET, Visual Basic .NET, JScript, and Visual C# .NET.
XML Web services	IIS 6.0 provides a high-performance platform for XML Web services. An XML Web service provides the means to access server functionality remotely. Using Web services, businesses can expose programmatic interfaces to their data or business logic that, in turn, can be obtained and manipulated by client and server applications.
Share information across geographical boundaries	Sharing information across geographical boundaries, in a variety of languages, is becoming more important in a global economy. In the past, the non-Unicode structure of the HTTP protocol limited developers to the system code page. Now, with URLs encoded by UCS Transformation Format 8 (UTF-8), Unicode becomes possible, a benefit that provides the capability to support more complex languages, such as Chinese. IIS 6.0 allows customers to access server variables in Unicode. It also adds new server support functions that allow developers access to the Unicode representation of a URL, thereby improving international support.

Increased Security

IIS 6.0 is far more secure than IIS 4x or IIS 5x, with many new features designed to increase the security of your Web infrastructure. IIS 6.0 is also "locked down" out of the box with the strongest time-outs and content limits set by default.

Feature	Description
Locked-down server	IIS 6.0 provides significantly improved security. To reduce the attack surface of systems, IIS 6.0 is not installed by default on Windows Server 2003—administrators must explicitly select and install it. IIS 6.0 ships in a locked-down state, serving only static content. Using the Web service extension node, Web site administrators can enable or disable IIS functionality based on the individual needs of the organization.
Web service extensions list	The default installation of IIS will not compile, execute, nor serve files with dynamic extensions. In order to have them served, each acceptable file extension must be added to the Web service extensions list. This requirement prevents anyone from calling a page with a dynamic extension that has not been secured.
Default low-privilege account	All IIS 6.0 worker processes—by default—run as Network Service user accounts, a new, built-in account type with limited operating system privileges, on Windows Server 2003. All ASP built-in functions always run as low-privileged accounts (anonymous user).
Authorization	IIS 6.0 extends the use of a new authorization framework that comes with Windows Server 2003. In addition, Web applications can use URL authorization—in tandem with Authorization Manager—to control access. Constrained, delegated authorization now provides domain administrators with control to delegate only to particular computers and services.

Summary

IIS 6.0 introduces many new features for the Web application server role of Windows Server 2003. IIS 6.0 enhances application development by providing an integrated platform with other technologies in Windows Server 2003, for example, asp.net and the .NET Framework. Windows Server 2003 and IIS 6.0 provide a highly reliable, manageable, scalable, and secure Web server solution.