Dry Goods must SEE: 31 of the current popular financial hot words

1. What are shadow banks, "shadow banks", generally refers to non-bank financial institutions that have some of the functions of banks but are unregulated or less regulated. Simply understood, shadow banks are financial institutions that can provide credit but do not belong to banks. Because it is difficult to regulate, its impact on the currency, including the speed and scale of circulation, there is no way to accurately estimate, so in the 2008 after the global financial crisis, very much people's attention. America's "shadow banks" include non-bank financial institutions such as investment banks, hedge funds, money market funds, bond insurers, and structured investment vehicles (SIVS). In China, shadow banks mainly include trust companies, guarantee firms, pawn shops, underground banks, money market funds, various types of private equity, microfinance companies and financial institutions, such as finance and other forms of business, non-governmental financing, the overall appearance of a large number of institutions, small scale, low level of leverage but rapid development characteristics. 2. What is offshore finance? The so-called offshore finance, refers to the free exchange of currency as the medium of exchange, non-residents (individuals, legal persons, government agencies, international organizations, etc.) mainly engaged in the provision of clearing, lending, capital flows, insurance, trust, securities and derivatives trading and other financial services, and is not subject to financial activities that are limited by the general financial laws and regulations of the market host country and currency issuer. The main business of offshore finance is to absorb the non-resident's funds and to serve the needs of non-resident financing, so it is vividly described as "two out" financial business, the formation of the market called offshore financial markets. At present, China's offshore financial business is still in the initial stage of exploration. 3, often in some articles see the term "financial media", can you explain the meaning of it? De-media, can also be called "non-intermediary." Refers to the capital supply around the commercial banks and other media systems, directly to the demand side and financiers hand, resulting in the external circulation of funds. For example, when a business needs capital, it sends bonds, shares or short-term commercial paper directly in the market, rather than obtaining loans directly from commercial banks. From the point of view of financing mode, financial media is the process that social financing gradually changes from indirect financing to direct financing. It should be said that the phenomenon of financial media is the objective law of market economy and the development of national economy, and it is the inevitable trend of government to promote innovation and development of financial market. 4. What is the difference between corporate debt and corporate debt? First, the issuer is different from the issuing body, the corporate debt is issued by the Company Limited Company or LLC, corporate bonds are issued by the central government agencies, state-owned enterprises or state-controlled enterprises. In the issue pricing, the company's debt approval system, by the SFC audit, by the issuer and sponsors through the market inquiry to determine the issue price, corporate debt is reviewed by the NDRC. Corporate debt can be approved once and issued multiple times. According to the provisions of the securities law, the minimum limit for issuing bonds of limited liability companies is about 12 million yuan and 24 million yuan respectively. After the approval of the enterprise debt, it is required to be issued within one year. The credit source of corporate debt is the asset quality, operating condition and profit level of the issuing company. EnterpriseDebt through the "state-owned" mechanism to carry out the government credit, and through the administrative enforcement of the guarantee mechanism, the actual credit level and other government bonds are not significant difference. 5. What is the inter-bank bond market? The National Interbank bond market refers to the market of bond trading and repurchase by financial institutions such as commercial banks, rural credit cooperatives, insurance companies and securities firms, which rely on the National Interbank Lending Center (hereinafter referred to as the Trade Center) and the central national Debt Registration and clearing Company (hereinafter referred to as the Central Registration Company). Established on June 6, 1997. After the rapid development in recent years, inter-bank bond market has become the main part of our country's bond market. Most of the bookkeeping and policy-denominated bonds are issued and traded in the market. 6. What is interbank lending market? The interbank lending market, also known as the interbank market, refers to the market of short-term financing between financial institutions by means of money lending. In layman's terms, it is the market where financial institutions borrow money from each other. Interbank lending is mainly used to make up for the shortage of short-term funds, the difference between clearing of bills and the need to solve the temporary shortage of funds. Interbank lending mainly through the means of telecommunications transactions, the amount of the transaction is large. Daily demolition is generally unsecured, the bank's credibility alone, longer term lending often with higher credit instruments as collateral. 7, we often say "money" specifically refers to what? monetary means the supply of funds in financial markets. Before the reform of the Fiat money in 1935, China had adopted the silver standard, and the market trade was usually silver, so it was customary to say that the capital supply was monetary. The term money is often used to metonymy the central bank's monetary policy. The monetary policy adopted by the Central bank to reduce the supply of credit, raise interest rates and eliminate inflationary pressures caused by excessive demand is called tightening. On the contrary, monetary policy, called easing, is to prevent economic recession by increasing the supply of credit, reducing interest rates, and encouraging investment to increase and drive economic growth. 8. What is the difference between the central bank, the People's Bank of China and the Bank of China? The central bank is the highest monetary and financial management institution in a country, which dominates the financial system. The function of the central bank is to formulate and implement monetary policy, maintain financial stability and provide financial services. It is the "issuing bank", which regulates the money supply, an important role in stabilizing the value of the currency is the "Bank of Banks", which centrally holds the bank's reserves, organizes nationwide liquidation and acts as lender of last resort for commercial banks, is a "National Bank", acts as the Treasury, maintains foreign exchange and gold reserves and represents the government in international financial activities. The fundamental difference between the central bank and other financial institutions is that the central bank's business is non-profit. The central bank of our country is the People's Bank of China. and Bank of China (BOC) is one of the state-owned commercial banks, with CCB, ABC, industrial and commercial and so on similar. 9, what is the LOF fund? LOF Fund, the English full name is "Listedopen-endedfund", also called "Listed Open-end Fund". After the release of the listed Open-end fund, investors canThe fund may also be traded on an exchange for the purchase and redemption of the Fund's share at designated outlets. However, if investors are in the designated outlets for the share of the fund, want to throw the Internet, must handle a certain transfer of custody procedures; Similarly, if the share of the fund bought on the exchange net, want to redeem in the designated outlets, also must handle a certain transfer of custody procedures. 10, how to understand the "hot money"? Hot money, also known as idle funds or speculative short-term capital, usually refers to speculative profits for the purpose of rapid flow of short-term capital, and their access is often easy to induce market and even financial turbulence. The investment object of hot money is mainly foreign exchange, stock, precious metal and its derivative market, which has the characteristics of strong speculative, fast liquidity and strong concealment. Hot money has the characteristics of "four high": first, high profitability and risk; second, high information and sensitivity; third, high liquidity and short-term; four, high investment and speculative nature. Hot money has a certain lubrication effect on financial markets. But the investment of hot money neither creates employment nor provides services, and has great virtuality, speculative and destructive.