"Electric business loan" war Chaos broke out

"Last year's double 11, if you are out of the shop seven or eight times, you will be kicked out." In order not to appear to break the goods, must increase the inventory, at this time very much need loan support. "Taobao Gold Crown shopkeeper Li Shing told global entrepreneur."

But when these sellers run to the traditional bank to apply for loans, the first problem is the lack of collateral, "how many suites, cars or other fixed assets can be mortgaged?" Bank Account managers are unable to determine the risk of small businesses, only in the form of mortgage loans. In addition, the bank credit period is usually more fixed, but the seller's funds need only a short period of time, the cost of financing is too high.

"The key is that traditional bank financing procedures are too complex and require too much material." These small micro-electric business enterprises, each to provide them with a more material, 10% to 15% of customers will not come. If you want to provide 10 of materials, then more than half of the customers will not come. Wang Sunan, general manager of the SME Business center of Shanghai Pudong FA Bank, lamented the global entrepreneur.

Taobao Open Shop business has 3 million (the entire electrical industry shop about 4 million), when an online shop annual sales to 1.5 million will have a certain loan demand. "According to the simplest data model to calculate, Taobao on the electricity business enterprise financing needs of about 300 billion, this is a very large market." "Wang Sunan said. Ali small loan for sellers before the introduction of 500 million credit loan, in 28 minutes by 2,800 electric business enterprises snapped, is a drop in the bucket.

Ali Small loan was established in April 2010, using the natural advantage is Alibaba, Taobao, Alipay and other E-commerce platform customers accumulated credit data and behavioral data, the introduction of network data model and online video credit investigation model, the customer in the E-commerce network platform of behavioral data mapping for enterprises and individuals credit evaluation, To these "vulnerable groups", which usually cannot obtain loans in traditional financial channels, distribute "small amount, short term, with loan" microfinance loan. At present, Ali small loan customers have reached 640,000, the total amount of loans reached more than 150 billion yuan, and the bad debt rate of less than 1%.

Jingdong also adopted a similar idea, using its platform of transaction data, logistics warehousing data, etc., to provide the Beijing-east into the financial core products: Supply chain financial Products "Beijing baby." Yang Naisheng, deputy general manager of Beijing, said at the 2014 Internet Finance conference that "the current can reach 3 minutes of lending, to achieve the world's fastest supply chain financial lending speed, based on our knowledge of the business supply chain situation, there is enough data to support us to make rapid judgments." ”

In the face of Ali Financial and other electric enterprises online lending business, banks are also unable to sit still, trying to change the traditional mode of operation, have online micro-financial services in the field launched a "Jedi Strikes Back."

Data

Data is the core of the network micro-credit technology, the first problem that the bank starts this business to face is: Where does the data come from? In order to grasp the data, the bank has generally explored three kinds of models: self-built electric business platform, according to the data on their own platform to provide credit loans, and E-commerce platform company Cooperation; Cooperate with third party companies that have the core data of these electric stores, including providing ERP system service companies, courier companies, etc.

At present, the big banks are clinging to the model of self-built platform, hoping to gain the initiative of large data by the development of electric business. January 12, ICBC "Rong E shopping" mall official business. However, its intention is not to share with the traditional electric business, the core purpose remains committed to financial services, the new platform to trade and trade in the first place, and consumer loans, order financing, supply chain financing, such as several important financial instruments embedded therein.

"At present, the Bank of the best to do the most of the construction of CCB's ' good business ' platform." Yi Huan, deputy director of the Institute of Macro-source securities, told global entrepreneur. The platform was established in June 2012, credit-good customers on the platform to issue loan applications, you can give priority to obtain appropriate loan support. It is reported that as of September 30, 2013, has 7323 small business loans clients into the good and financial business Enterprise Mall, the Construction Bank loan funds 64.408 billion yuan. However, such a scale can not be compared with Ali small loans.

Yi Huan that the bank's own platform for the electronic business model is difficult to flow and user experience. Small micro merchants into the platform, the first is to hope to sell goods, by the way borrow money turnover, and the current power of the scope has been divided into clear, the Bank of electricity business platform if the flow can not do, based on large data financial services are naturally do not live.

By contrast, small and medium banks are more inclined to co-operate with existing electricity-business platforms. Last August, Ping An bank joined hands with ebay to launch a "loan and peace business card"; China Merchants Bank (8.24,-0.04,-0.48%) is holding hands the largest foreign trade E-commerce website Dunhuang Network launched "Dunhuang Network business card" joint cards, according to customers in the Dunhuang online transaction data, Word-of-mouth evaluation, Certification information and so on to make a risk assessment, and then determine the amount of lending and interest rates. At present, the people's livelihood, Huaxia and other joint-stock banks have established a cooperative relationship with the platform of different electric operators.

However, these electric platform scale is small, and Taobao, Cat, Beijing-east and other large platforms to the data as its core resources are not easy to share abroad.

Last September, Minsheng signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement with Alibaba, but the strategic cooperation did not include small micro-loan business cooperation, but focused on the "direct banking" project. At present, the data sharing between the two parties is limited to the common development of customers (such as joint credit card customers), the sharing of data is some basic data, such as ID number, home delivery address.

With the big electric business platform does not cooperate, some banks will look for the market to master these electric store core data of Third-party company cooperation, including logistics platform, trading information platform, capital delivery platform, ERP platform and so on. At present, Citic Bank has found the UnionPay business cooperation "POS Merchant Net Loan", the Pudong bank launched the "Electric 2.0", the initial data from the ERP service company Beijing Saint-Terre.

"Double 11, Taobao cat Business pen number is about 200 million, there are nearly 30% through the Saint-Terre e store in the background sent out." "Beijing Saint-Terre Technology Development Co., Ltd. President Chen Tao told the global entrepreneur", "our system is the central link of the chain, the top has orders to come, the user will be sent through our system, this ensures that its inventory data is accurate, we have communicated the courier, false transactions and real transactions we can easily judge. ”

Yi Huan that the model for Third-party data companies will become mainstream. These companies are the electrical business in some supporting areas of experts, years of service experience to the electrical business characteristics and financing needs of more familiar, which is what banks lack. By working with Third-party data platforms, banks can learn more about the electrical industry's rules and customer needs.

For example, before the bank did a loan survey, are collected by the Customer Manager data, if the Third-party companies to the customer before 6 months of transaction records, customer inventory, customer service number, contract data and so on to provide to the bank, you can very clearly judge its operating conditions, and to implement the corresponding credit scoring system. If the client's contract volume is significantly reduced, the number of customer service is significantly reduced or the Web page is significantly reduced, it can automatically send warning signals to banks.

Dislocation

The bank and Ali small loan common competition online small micro merchant, both have the advantage and disadvantage potential. First of all, although Ali small loan has mastered a lot of core data and customer resources, but small loan companies must use its own capital, and its leverage ratio is currently limited to 1.5 times times twice times, but also by the lending area restrictions. And banks have the advantage of capital, customers from the bank to obtain the loan rate than Ali small loan will be more 丠.

However, both are trying to break through their weaknesses. For example, Ali at present through Taobao merchants and Alibaba integrity through customers, cleverly "bypassed" the ban on cross-regional expansion of the regulatory restrictions, its customer scope has actually expanded to the whole country, coupled with the eastern securities to launch asset securitization products, the source of funds opened a gap. Banks are also trying to expand their customer data sources.

However, on the whole, there is a certain dislocation between the two sides at present. Ali small loans to accept only 1 million yuan below the loan business, 70% of the list are 500,000 yuan below the credit loan, the amount of household loans only 30,000 yuan. And the Bank of the electricity business is a bit bigger, to Pudong hair Bank, for example, "Electric 2.0" the largest loan limit is 10 million, most loans under 2 million or 3 million, each household loans two hundred thousand or three hundred thousand.

Although the competition is still not white-hot, but one side is the traditional banking sharpening, into the Internet financial domain, the other side is the electric business platform constantly bypassing regulation, expanding in the Internet financial industry living space, the future of close combat is almost certain. "Can go to the last, must be the model of mutual integration, and has a strong flow, customer resources, funds." Yi Huan to global entrepreneur.