The great thought of shipbuilding industry coping with international financial crisis

Interview with national Development and Reform Commission, Director of Industry coordination Chen Bin-wen/Our correspondent Hong Ming in response to the international financial crisis on China's real economy, November 26 last year, the 37th executive meeting of the State Council decided that the NDRC and the Ministry of the State Council with the Department to carry out steel, automotive, shipbuilding, petrochemical, textiles, The adjustment and revitalization planning of 9 key industries, such as nonferrous metals, equipment manufacturing industry and electronic information, are important measures to deal with the international financial crisis, guarantee growth, expand domestic demand and adjust structure, and then make the logistics industry the 10th plan. Before the two sessions, the State Council considered and adopted the principles of all 10 key industry adjustment and revitalization planning. Among them, February 11, the 49th meeting of the State Council considered and adopted the principle of the ship industry adjustment and revitalization planning.　　At present, these plans are being released to the outside world.　　Chen Bin, director of the Industrial Coordination Division of the National Development and Reform Commission, said shipbuilding industry is a modern comprehensive industry providing technical equipment for water transportation, marine development and National defense construction, which has a strong driving effect on the development of key industries such as steel, chemical, textile, equipment manufacturing and electronic information, and is an important industry for developing international trade and promoting national economic growth.　　Recently, this newspaper around the "shipbuilding industry adjustment and revitalization of the Planning" (hereinafter referred to as the "planning") a series of questions, interviewed the director Chen. Current situation and situation of shipbuilding industry "China Investment": Please talk about the present situation of the development of China's shipbuilding industry.　　Since 2003, the focus of the world shipbuilding industry has been accelerated to China, how to grasp the opportunity and what important achievements have been achieved in the development of China's shipbuilding industry? Chen Bin: Since 2003, China's shipbuilding industry has entered a rapid development track.　　In the May 2003, Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Huang Ju and Zeng Zhong, several central leaders have made important instructions to build China into a world shipbuilding power.　　With the continuous expansion of industrial scale, the increasing of ship production and comprehensive strength, China has become the world shipbuilding power. First, the scale of the industry has been expanding, as at the end of 2008, China's large-scale shipbuilding industry enterprises have 1242, of which 600 shipbuilding enterprises, ship supporting equipment enterprises 368, the entire industry directly employed nearly million people.　　2008, the shipbuilding industry completed the industrial output value of 414.3 billion yuan, the realization of the industrial increase of 118 billion yuan, the total profit of 31 billion yuan, respectively, 2003 6 times times, 7.7 times times and 32.3 times times. The second is the rapid growth of shipbuilding production. From 2003 to 2008, China completed shipbuilding 94.63 million dwt, the average growth rate reached more than 35%. One export ship 65.85 million tons, accounting for 70% of total output, exported to more than 150 countries and regions. 2008 Shipbuilding completed 28.81 million tons, accounting for world shipbuilding completion of 29.5%, new orders 58.18 million tons, accounting for the World Shipbuilding enterprises new orders 37.7%.　　Hand-held orders 205 million tons, accounting for the world's shipping industry hand-held orders 35.5%, are ranked second in the world. Third, the comprehensive strength of the steady mentionRise。 Bulk carrier, tanker, container ship 3 major mainstream ship-type overall economic technology has a certain competitive advantage in the world, already has 3 major mainstream ship type of independent development capacity, formed a strong international competitiveness of the brand ship type. Handheld orders in the bulk carrier market share reached the international market 46%, ranked first in the world. The market share of oil tankers and container ships reached 27% and 20% respectively in the international market, and ranked second in the world. In addition to luxury cruise, China has been able to build large natural gas vessels, large passenger rolls, large dredger, million box-level container ships, and other High-tech ships. In the field of marine engineering equipment has also achieved a major breakthrough, to undertake the construction of 300,000 tons of offshore floating production oil storage wheel and the international advanced 3000 meters deepwater half-dive drilling platform. The crankshaft of low speed marine diesel engine is realized in mass production. Modern shipbuilding mode has been popularized. The construction period and quality management of large shipbuilding enterprises reach the international advanced level, such as the 175,000 ton bulk carrier of Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding Co., Ltd, and the dock cycle and wharf cycle are shortened to 50 days and 37 days respectively.　　Dalian Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Group VLCC tanker Water cycle shortened to 38 days, basic and international advanced level is flat.　　"China investment": What impact does the international financial crisis have on China's shipbuilding industry?　　Chen Bin: Since the second half of 2008, with the spread and deepening of the international financial crisis, the international shipping market has plummeted, shipbuilding market has been greatly impacted, the development of China's shipbuilding industry is facing grim situation. First, the new ship orders sharply reduced. Since September 2008, the demand for new international ships has shrunk sharply, and the new orders for our shipbuilding industry have declined sharply. September new orders 3.19 million tons, the year-on-year decline of 65%, October less than 600,000 tons, year-on-year decline of 94%; November 300,000 tons.　　December only 19,600 tons, January 2009 new orders 303,000 tons, February only one ship 21,000 tons. Second, the enterprise financing difficulties.　　The domestic financial institutions have listed shipbuilding industry and shipping industry as high-risk industries, and the difficulty and cost of ship owners financing have risen markedly, and the difficulties of liquidity loan and guarantee are increasing, and some shipyards have difficulty in production and operation. Third, the performance of the ship risk increased. By the end of 2008, China's shipbuilding industry hand-held orders of about 200 million tons, of which the bulk carrier accounted for 64% of the world's handheld orders 1/3. According to the order plan, 2009-2011, 56 million tons, 71 million tons, 54 million tons respectively. 2012 and after the delivery of 14 million tons of ships. In the current slump in shipping, bulk cargo capacity of the serious surplus situation, there have been delays in the pick-up and withdrawal of the ship, and individual also abandoned the ship. According to incomplete statistics, since September 2008, China's shipbuilding industry has experienced a withdrawal of more than 100 ships, net 3 million tons. Of these 1-February total cancellation orders 13 vessels, 660,000 tons.　　In the next few years, our ship enterprises will face a higher risk of delaying the ship, abandoning the ship or withdrawing the bill. It should be noted that globalThe shrinking of shipping and shipbuilding markets has also caused serious shocks to other countries ' shipbuilding industry. According to the British Craxon consulting company Statistics, 2008 9-December, the global shipbuilding new orders only 15 million tons, the same period in China 4.11 million tons, accounting for 27.45% of the world. January 2009, the world's new ship orders 614,000 tons, the year-on-year decline of 96%. February 2009, the world's new ship orders only 193,000 tons. According to foreign financial institutions, the current world shipbuilding industry holding orders in the 550 billion of dollars in capital, nearly 300 billion U.S. dollars financing will encounter difficulties.　　In addition, the postponement of ship-taking, withdrawal, the risk of performance is also the world's major shipbuilding countries are facing a severe situation.　　China Investment: what internal contradictions are needed to be solved in the current development of shipbuilding industry in China?　　Chen Bin: At present, the problems faced by China's shipbuilding industry, including the impact of the international financial crisis, there are repeated investment, overcapacity, independent innovation capacity, marine equipment development lag, the development of marine engineering equipment slow progress, the growth of extensive ways, such as deep-seated internal contradictions. One is to repeat investment, overcapacity. At present, China has built and construction of more than 50,000 tons of shipbuilding infrastructure capacity of about 66 million tons, is 2003 capacity of 8 times times. Where local enterprises capacity reached 33.7 million tons, planning new capacity over 20 million tons. In the future two, the world shipping market will be at a trough, even if the shipping and shipbuilding market recovery, we expect the world's new ship annual demand is only about 100 million tons.　　There will be nearly 1/3 overcapacity in the country. Second, the ability of independent innovation is weak. The design of large-scale liquefied natural gas ship, large-scale vehicle transportation vessel, marine engineering and high-tech and High-value-added ships still depend on foreign enterprises.　　Marine medium and Low speed diesel engine, cabin equipment, deck machinery and other major marine equipment still rely on the introduction of foreign patented technology, independent research and development capacity is weak, lack of independent intellectual property products. Third, the development of marine equipment lags behind. At present, the domestic shipping rate of marine equipment is less than 50%. 2007 China's low speed marine diesel engine output of 3.09 million HP, import 2.89 million HP, medium-speed diesel engine production of 930 units, import 470, the gap is 48% and 34% respectively. The key parts of marine diesel engine such as ship deck machinery and marine crankshaft are about 50%.　　Marine Cabin equipment, ship communications and navigation automation system, such as the gap is greater. Four is the slow progress of ocean engineering. Key marine engineering equipment relies on foreign development and design, product construction is still in the initial stage, the international market share is only about 5%.　　The main production equipments such as exploration, exploitation, processing and storage of marine resources depend on import, which is not suitable for the development scale of China's shipbuilding industry and the status of ocean power. In addition, the new international standard of the proposed, the ship design, production management, and put forward higher requirements, but also to the shipbuilding industry has brought new challenges. With the development of international shipping market and the continuous improvement of shipbuilding technology, the International Maritime Organization and the International Federation of Classification Societies have introducedA series of new standards of ships, the new standard, aiming to improve the maritime safety and environmental protection level, which has a greater impact on the "oil tanker and bulk carrier structure common norms" and "ship-specific seawater ballast tanks and bulk carriers on the double side of the protective coating performance standards." To coating standards as an example, it is understood that the current domestic large-scale shipbuilding enterprises and subordinate shipyards have the ability to build PSPC ships, other state-owned shipyards and some of the private backbone enterprises have begun to actively prepare. However, some private small and medium-sized shipyards have been slow to deal with the work, from the existing technical level, do not have the capacity to meet the construction of PSPC ships. In particular, in the current slump in the ship market, the owners delay the ship will be strong, the need to prevent the ship signed before July 1, 2008 due to the possibility of delay or some of the owners malicious search for quality problems, can not ship on July 1, 2012, resulting in the need to meet the PICC standards.　　Relevant departments and shipping enterprises must attach great importance to, and actively do a good job in response.　　After years of rapid growth, the shipbuilding industry of our country must make a big adjustment to solve the many contradictions in the internal accumulation of the industry, and the international financial crisis has caused the early arrival of the structural adjustment period objectively. We should see that the current shipbuilding industry in China is in the critical period from big to strong, the trend of world shipbuilding industry transferring to China has not changed, the comprehensive competitive advantages of strong raw materials, high quality of labor and complete manufacturing system have not changed, and the fundamentals of shipbuilding industry development have not changed. In order to actively respond to the international financial crisis, consolidate and improve the international status of our shipbuilding industry, promote the development of related industries and ensure stable and rapid economic development, we must speed up the adjustment and revitalization of the shipbuilding industry.　　[Page] Analysis of the shipbuilding industry adjustment and revitalization plan, "China Investment": Please introduce the background of the planning, what is the dominant idea? What is the basic principle? Chen Bin: In order to deal with the impact of the international financial crisis, the implementation of the Central Committee and the State Council "guarantee growth, expand domestic demand, adjust structure," the overall requirements to speed up structural adjustment, enhance self-development capacity, promote industrial upgrading, promote the sustainable, healthy and stable development of China's shipbuilding industry, according　　The National Development and Reform Commission in conjunction with the Ministry of Industry and Information technology and other relevant departments, research and development of the shipbuilding industry adjustment and revitalization planning, as a comprehensive response to the ship Industry Action plan, the planning period of 2009-2011. The guiding principle of "planning" is that fully implement the 17 spirit of the party, with Deng Xiaoping and 3 representatives of the important ideas as the guidance, in-depth implementation of the scientific concept of development, in accordance with the "growth, expansion of domestic demand, structural" overall requirements, through the adoption of positive credit measures to stabilize shipbuilding orders, to defuse financial risks, Ensure stable and rapid development of the industry. By controlling the new shipbuilding capacity, promoting the adjustment of industrial structure, improving the comprehensive strength of large enterprises and forming a new competitive advantage.　By speeding up independent innovation, developing High-tech, high value-added ships, developing marine engineering equipment, cultivating new growth point, laying a solid foundation for building shipbuilding power and implementing ocean strategy.　"Planning" put forward 4 basic principles: first, to stabilize shipbuilding orders, maintain production growth, and actively respond to delay the ship and abandon the ship risk, to prevent the emergence of a large number of withdrawal problems.　　We strive to fulfill the order task of ship enterprises on schedule and keep the steady and rapid growth of production. Second, we should strengthen policy guidance and enlarge ship demand.　　Adjust and optimize capacity structure, eliminate outdated ships, implement the sovereignty transport policy, enlarge the demand of ship market. Third, to promote structural adjustment, integration of shipbuilding resources.　　Implementation of mergers and acquisitions, integration of shipbuilding, ship repair, marine engineering equipment and other production resources, the development of large enterprise groups, to promote the coordinated development of shipbuilding and ancillary industries. Accelerate independent innovation and develop marine engineering equipment.　　We should increase technological innovation, strengthen the research and development of key technologies and new products, improve the level of supporting equipment for ships, develop marine engineering equipment and improve international competitiveness.　　"China investment": what are the goals of revitalization and adjustment? Chen Bin: "Planning" proposed 6 aspects of the adjustment and revitalization objectives. First, the steady growth of ship production.　　Strive for the next 3 years to maintain a steady and rapid growth of shipbuilding industry. Second, the market share gradually expand.　　Shipbuilding in 2011 accounted for more than 35% of the global completion, High-tech, high-quality ship market share of 20%, marine engineering equipment market share reached 10%. Third, the ship's supporting capacity is obviously improved.　　3 of the main ship-type domestic production of marine equipment, the average shipping rate reached more than 65%, marine low-speed diesel engines, medium-speed diesel engines, deck machinery and other ancillary equipment, domestic market satisfaction rate reached more than 80%. Four, the structural adjustment made progress. China Shipbuilding Industry Group Corporation and China Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Corporation have strong international competitiveness in the high-end ship market. Marine Engineering equipment manufacturing base to take shape, a number of marine supporting equipment development and expansion.　　Bohai Bay, the Yangtze River estuary, the Pearl River estuary to become a world-class shipbuilding base. Five is a significant improvement in the research and development level.　　3 major Mainstream ship-type research and development design to achieve serialization, standardization, the formation of a group of international competitiveness of the brand ship-type, High-tech, High-value ships and marine engineering equipment development to achieve breakthroughs. Six, the quality of development has improved markedly. The backbone shipbuilding enterprise basically establishes the modern shipbuilding mode. The average shipbuilding cycle of the 3 major ship types was shortened to less than 10 months.　　The total energy consumption per unit industry decreased by 15% in 3 years, and the utilization rate of steel increased significantly.　　China Investment: What are the major tasks of planning? Chen Bin: "The plan" proposed 9 main tasks: One is to stabilize the production of shipbuilding enterprises, take effective measures to support large shipping enterprises and shipping enterprises to fulfill the contract, and actively deal with the delay of the ship, withdrawal, abandon ship and other financial risks, to guide the ship enterprises to strengthen enterprise management, reasonable arrangement of production plans to ensure the quality and progress of shipbuilding,　　Maintain the continuity of production. Second, expand the demand of the ship market, speed up the old ship scrap renewal and single shell tanker elimination. To increase the proportion of ships transporting in bulk cargoes such as oil and ore, and to actively develop ocean fishing vessels, special vessels, engineering ships and working vessels, and to encourage shipping companies toOrder the ship within. Third, the development of marine engineering equipment. Support Shipbuilding enterprises to research and develop new type of jack-up drilling rig deep well semi-submersible drilling platform and production platform, supporting the production of marine engineering ships and large modules, integrated modules, such as marine engineering equipment, to encourage research and development of marine engineering power and transmission systems, security systems, power positioning systems, deep diving equipment, deck machinery,　　Oil pollution water treatment and seawater desalination and other marine engineering key systems and ancillary equipment. Four is to support the merger and reorganization of enterprises. Support the two major shipping groups and other backbone shipbuilding enterprises to implement the merger and reorganization. To encourage large shipbuilding enterprises and upstream and downstream enterprises to form strategic alliances, mutual support and common development. Guide the small and medium-sized ship enterprises to adjust the business structure, the development of intermediate product manufacturing, ship repair and special ship manufacturing business, open up the market for non-ship products.　　To support qualified enterprises to acquire foreign well-known marine equipment enterprises, research and development institutions and marketing network. Five is to improve the ability of independent innovation. Set up key project catalogue of shipbuilding industry research and development, support the optimization of the upgrade of the 3 major ship-type, the development of new norms, new standards and energy-saving environmental standards of the ship, to improve the large-scale liquefied natural gas vessels, large LPG vessels, large vehicle transport vessels, scientific research ship, such as High-tech, high value-added ship design and development capabilities, To accelerate the development of new marine diesel engine and key components, deck machinery, cabin, communication navigation and automation equipment.　　To speed up the research on common technology of ship and marine engineering equipment in modern shipbuilding technology.　　Six is to strengthen the technological transformation of the enterprise, the development of the ship industry technical renovation projects and product catalogs, supporting High-tech, High-value ships and marine engineering equipment dedicated production facilities project construction, support to fill the gaps, energy saving and environmental effects, and capacity can not meet market demand for ships and marine engineering equipment and ancillary products of the technical Seven is to actively develop the ship repair business. Shipbuilding enterprises are encouraged to use existing shipbuilding facilities to carry out ship repair operations.　　Strengthen the study of ship repair technology, enhance the capacity of large ships, passenger ships, marine engineering equipment repair and modification, standardize the development of ship-dismantling business, the implementation of fixed-point dismantling. Eight is to explore the international market, to formulate and improve the relevant incentive measures. To consolidate the competitive advantage of China's shipbuilding industry in the 3 major international market, enlarge the international market share of High-tech, high value-added ships and offshore engineering equipment.　　To encourage marine equipment enterprises to establish overseas marketing Network and after-sale service system, to promote product exports. Nine is to strengthen the shipbuilding enterprise management. Guide ship Enterprises to accelerate the establishment of modern enterprise system, deepen internal reform, promote management information, and improve the level of scientific decision-making and enterprise management. Accelerate the establishment of modern shipbuilding mode, promote digital shipbuilding. We should strengthen the research on the new norms, new conventions and new standards of international shipbuilding, and do the relevant preparation. To popularize the new technology of energy saving material, improve energy use efficiency and steel utilization, reduce energy consumption. Enhance market analysis and forecasting ability, strengthen contract management, improve capital use efficiency, control financial costs, enhance the ability of enterprises to participate in international competition and prevent market risk. Focus on the development of innovativeResearch and development of design talent, pioneering management personnel, advanced performance professionals and other professionals, optimize the structure of personnel, adhere to people-oriented, strengthen staff training, to meet the requirements of sustainable development of enterprises.　　"China investment": to achieve the planning of the goals and the main tasks, what will be the next steps to be formulated?　　Chen Bin: "Planning" Proposed 8 aspects of policy measures. One is to increase the production and operation of credit financing support. The relevant banks to ship enterprises in the construction of ships and effective contracts required for liquidity loans to ensure that the time is in place, the owner of the delay to ship the ship should be appropriate to extend the support of the shipping enterprise loans, the reputable shipowners and shipping enterprises to timely issue payment and repayment guarantee.　　We should strengthen the cooperation between banks and enterprises, carry out mortgage financing for the ships under construction, support the listing and issuance of bonds by the qualified shipping enterprises, and expedite the establishment of the shipbuilding Industry Investment Fund. The second is to increase the export buyer's credit.　　The financial institutions are encouraged to increase the delivery of the buyer's credit funds and help the two large shipbuilding and other backbone shipbuilding enterprises to stabilize the existing ship orders.　　Third, the adoption of incentives to support the purchase of abandoned ships, to study the formulation of preferential tax policies, to encourage financial financing companies to buy two major shipping groups and the backbone of shipbuilding enterprises to build the export ship abandoned ship. Four is to expand domestic ship market demand. We will continue to carry out VAT refund policy for domestic enterprises to sell offshore projects to domestic offshore oil and gas enterprises.　　Increase the budget funds, advance implementation into the national planning of government official, public welfare ship construction. Five is to speed up the elimination of old ships and single shell tankers.　　The research encourages the old ship scrapping renewal policy, to eliminate the old ship and to build the new ship in the domestic large-scale shipbuilding enterprise to give the renewal loan discount subsidy support, the introduction of the single Shell tanker compulsory elimination policy, strictly prohibit the Overage ship transformation operation. Six is to strictly establish control of new production capacity. In addition to the shipbuilding project planned for the medium and Long term development plan (2006-2015), all levels of land, ocean, environmental protection, finance and other related departments will no longer accept the application of other new dock and berth construction projects, and the new large-scale marine engineering special infrastructure shall be reported to the State for approval.　　The next six months to suspend the approval of the existing ship production Enterprises dock, slipway expansion projects. To perfect the policy measures of merger and reorganization of enterprises. To study the policy measures for merger and reorganization of ship enterprises, to properly solve the problems of the settlement of affluent people, the transfer of assets, the consolidation and disposal of debts, and the distribution of tax benefits, we should support the merger and reorganization of the two shipping groups by capital injection, financing credit and technical transformation discount, and support the merger and reorganization of the key ship enterprises and other shipping enterprises　　Approve its technical renovation project and encourage product structure adjustment. Eight is to increase scientific research and development and technical transformation input. To increase the investment in High-tech ship research, to support High-tech ships, marine engineering equipment and key ancillary equipment research and development. Support key generic technology and advanced manufacturing technology research. Speeding up the construction of standard system of shipbuilding industry. In the new central investment arrangements for industrial revitalization and technical transformation of special, supporting the development of marine equipment, marine engineeringPreparation and special ship manufacturing specialized facilities and equipment, and other aspects of technical transformation. Support the merger and reorganization of large shipbuilding enterprises to carry out information construction and process reengineering to support the adjustment and transformation of small and medium-sized shipping enterprises in line with industrial policy requirements.　　Support the development of shipbuilding enterprises and research institutions. The plan for the adjustment and revitalization of the shipbuilding industry also established the work Division and schedule of the relevant departments. In fact, 10 key industry planning each behind has a relevant department's policy measures and the Task Division table, to the plan proposed each task and the policy measure has clarified the lead department, the main participation unit and the implementation time, requests the State Council each relevant department according to the work division of labor, strengthens the communication consultation, cooperates closely, To formulate and improve the supporting policy measures as soon as possible.　　At the same time, the relevant regions in accordance with the objectives set by the planning, combined with local practice, to make the implementation plan, to ensure that the ship industry adjustment and revitalization of the target of 3 years to complete. In addition, according to the State Council deployment, we are working to develop the 10 major industries, including shipbuilding industry adjustment and revitalization of the implementation of the plan. A specific implementation rule should also be developed to determine the timing, progress and final manifestation of the implementation of each policy measure and to ensure that mandates and policy measures are implemented and effective.