I. DNS packets
It is mainly used to view the Flag Fields in the DNS packet header.
[QR] [opcode] [AA] [TC] [RD] [RA] [(zone)] [rcode]When the client sends a DNS query request, when the TC (delete flag) bit in the response packet received from the
RRPP (Rapid Ring Protection Protocol, fast Ring Network Protection Protocol) Link Layer Protocol dedicated for Ethernet rings. Fast convergence speed. The convergence time is independent of the number of nodes in the ring network. RRPP domain: the
Configure VRRP for Load BalancingApplication EnvironmentServer Load balancer creates multiple backup groups to share network traffic. A vro can belong to multiple backup groups. The operation is as follows: Vroa A acts as the Master of Backup group 1
Refer to the RFC document: 0.0.0.0/8-Addresses in this block refer to source hosts on "this"Network. Address 0.0.0.0/32 may be used as a source address for thisHost on this network; other addresses within 0.0.0.0/8 may be usedRefer to specified
The descriptions of link status information in OSPF are encapsulated and released in LSA. Common LSA has the following types:Router LSA (Type1): This is generated by each vro. It describes the link status and overhead of the vro and transmits the
NDP (Neighbor Discovery Protocol, Neighbor Discovery Protocol) is a key Protocol of IPv6. It combines ARP, ICMP Router Discovery, ICMP redirection and other protocols in IPv4 and improves them. As the basic protocol of IPv6, NDP also provides
POP3 details 2.1. The typical communication process of receiving emails from the email server is as follows. 1) The user runs the user agent (such as Foxmail and Outlook Express ). 2) The user agent (hereinafter referred to as the client)
The process of three handshakes when a TCP connection is established.The process of three handshakes when a TCP connection is established is briefly described. According to the TCP header, the order of the following three packets in the connection
Http, TCP/IP, html Definition 1. What is http?Http is the upper layer protocol of TCP/IP. Tcp is responsible for ensuring that files sent from one network node to another can arrive at the destination as a complete file. Although this file may be
Https communication principle1. What is Https? Https is an Http channel for security purposes. Its security base is guaranteed by the SSL layer. Initially developed by netscape, it mainly provides identity authentication and encrypted communication
The introduction to the network access technology of yunke has different access methods for different networks. What we need to do today is to give you a better understanding of Ethernet Access and wireless network access. I. Ethernet Access 1. With
The Point-to-Point Protocol (ppp) consists of the following parts: link suppression Protocol: the LCP provided by PPP is comprehensive and practical in most environments. LCP is used to actively unify encapsulation style options, process packet size
1. Establish a connection protocol (three-way handshake) (1) the client sends a TCP packet with SYN sign to the server. This is the packet in the three-way handshake process. 1. (2) The server responds to the client. This is the 2nd packet in the
Multi-IP ing ARP analysis a company has 30 public IP addresses provided by China Unicom. Some public IP addresses are mapped to private IP addresses of internal servers, and some of them are directly configured on servers, some of them are not
How does OSPF establish the neighbor relationship? First, send a hello packet to all neighbors, create a neighbor, and put it in your neighbor table. Then, send the LSA to the neighbor, receive the neighbor of the LSA, put the LSA into its own
During the re-release of routes between IGRP, OSPF, and OSPF, I don't know what I am busy with. I 've been writing this article for a week. I don't know how to take the test in March /, main contents of this experiment: 1) Release of the classless
Easyvpn is a common VPN solution in daily life. Although easyvpn can only be used on cisco devices, it is a very practical solution with low environmental requirements. The client only needs to connect to the Internet, and does not need to consider
1. Sending is bidirectional, that is, the sender has a sending window, receiving window, congestion window, and the receiver also has its own sending window, receiving window, and congestion window. 2. There are three window concepts: sending window,
(1) IPv4 HeaderThe first field of the version IP packet header is the 4-bit version field. For IPv4, the value of this field is 4.The second field of the header length (IHL) is the four-character header length, indicating the length of the
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