11-linux Basic Primer (ix)-linux wildcard

I. Overview

The wildcards regular of the Linux wildcard is not the same, so the meaning of the representation is also very different. Wildcard characters are typically used for user command-line bash environments, while Linux regular expressions are used for grep, SED, awk scenarios.

Symbol	Representative meaning
*	All (0 to more) characters
？	Any one character
；	Delimiters for successive different commands
#	Configuration file comments
|	Pipeline
~	Home directory of the current user
-	The path that was last
$	The symbol to be added before the variable
/	The path separates the symbol, also is the root meaning
> or 1>	Redirect (overwrite original data)
>>	Append Redirect (append content file trailer)
<	Input redirection (Xargs, TR)
<<	Append input redirection (CAT)
‘	Single quotation mark: Do not have variable substitution function, the output is WYSIWYG
"	Double quotes: variable substitution function, output after parsing variables, no quotation marks equivalent to double quotes, common double quotes
`	Anti-quotation mark (tab top button): Two "in the middle of the command, will be executed first, equivalent to $ ()
{}	The middle is the command block combination or the content sequence
!	"Non" (not) in logical operation
&&	and (and): When the execution of the current instruction succeeds, the following instruction is executed
||	or (OR): When the execution of the current instruction fails, the following command is executed
..	Top level Directory
.	Current directory

Ii. Some examples of the use of wildcard characters

1, * No.

[Email protected] ~]# mkdir test

[[Email protected] ~]# CD test

[email protected] test]# Touch test.sh zhangyujia.sh zhangyj.sh

[[email protected] test]# ls

test.sh zhangyj.sh zhangyujia.sh

[[email protected] test]# ls *.sh all files ending with #在当前文件夹查询以. Sh

test.sh zhangyj.sh zhangyujia.sh

[email protected] test]# Touch zhangyujia.txt

[[email protected] test]# LS * #列出当前文件夹的所有文件

test.sh zhangyj.sh zhangyujia.sh Zhangyujia.txt

2,? No.

[email protected] test]# ls????. SH #代表四个字符

test.sh

[email protected] test]# Touch a.sh

[email protected] test]# ls?. SH #代表一个字符

a.sh

Attention:? Matches only one character.

3,; The delimiter between two commands

[Email protected] test]# Ls;ls

a.sh test.sh zhangyj.sh zhangyujia.sh zhangyujia.txt

a.sh test.sh zhangyj.sh zhangyujia.sh zhangyujia.txt

4. {} Content Sequence example

#按需生成你想要的东西

[[email protected] test]# echo zhangyujia{1,2,3}

Zhangyujia1 zhangyujia2 Zhangyujia3

[[email protected] test]# echo zhangyujia{1..5}

Zhangyujia1 zhangyujia2 zhangyujia3 zhangyujia4 zhangyujia5

[Email protected] test]# echo zhangyujia{a. Z

ZHANGYUJIAA Zhangyujiab zhangyujiac zhangyujiad zhangyujiae zhangyujiaf zhangyujiag Zhangyujiah zhangyujiai zhangyujiaj Zhangyujiak zhangyujial zhangyujiam Zhangyujian zhangyujiao zhangyujiap zhangyujiaq zhangyujiar zhangyujias zhangyujiat Zhangyujiau zhangyujiav Zhangyujiaw Zhangyujiax zhangyujiay Zhangyujiaz

#备份文件

[[email protected] test]# CP A.txt{,.bak}

[[email protected] test]# LS A *

a.sh a.txt A.txt.bak

#创建文件夹

[Email protected] test]# mkdir/data/{1,2}/data-p

[Email protected] test]# tree/data/

/data/

├──1

│└──data

└──2

└──data

4 directories, 0 files

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11-linux Basic Primer (ix)-linux wildcard