1.4-linux file systems and file types

File systems for Linux

Root file System (ROOTFS)

Root filesystem

LSB:Linux Standards Specification (Linux standard Base) defines file system hierarchy Standards (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard)

/boot: Boot file directory: Kernel file (vmlinuz), boot loader (bootloader,grub) is stored in this directory

/bin: Basic command for all users: cannot be associated to a separate partition, the program that is used by OS startup

/sbin: The basic command of the management class: cannot be associated to a separate partition, the program that is used by OS startup

/lib: Basic shared library files, and kernel module files (/lib/modules)

/LIB64: storage location for secondary shared library files dedicated to x86_64 systems

/etc: Configuration file directory (plain text file)

/home/username: Normal User home directory

/root: Admin Home Directory

/media: Portable mobile device mount point

/media/cdrom

/media/usb

/MNT: Temporary file system mount point

/dev: Device files and special files (/dev/null,/dev/random) storage location

B:block device (Random access)

C:character device (linear access)

/OPT: Installation location for early third-party applications (similar to Windows system attachments)

/SRV: Data used by services running on the system

/tmp: Temporary file storage location

/usr:universal shared,read-only Data

Bin: An application that ensures that the system has full functionality

Sbin

Lib:

LIB64:

Include:c header file for the program (header files)

Share: structured independent data, such as Doc,man

Local: The location of the third-party application is now installed

Bin,sbin,lib,lib64,etc,share

/var:variable Data files

Cache: The application caches the data directory

LIB: Application state information data

Local: Dedicated to storing mutable data for applications under/usr/local

Lock: Lock file

LOG: Logs directory and files

OPT: Dedicated to storing variable data for applications under/OPT

Run: Running process-related data, typically used to hold the PID file of the process

Spool: Application Data Pool

TMP: Save temporary data generated between system two reboots

/proc: A virtual file system for outputting kernel-related process information

/sys: Virtual file system for outputting information about hardware devices on the current system

/selinux:security Enhanced Linux:selinux The storage location of information such as the relevant security policy

Components of an application on Linux:

Binary program:/bin,/sbin,/usr/bin,/usr/sbin,/usr/local/bin,/usr/local/sbin

Library files:/lib,lib64,/usr/lib,/usr/lib64,/usr/local/lib,/usr/local/lib64

Configuration file:/etc,/etc/directory,/usr/local/etc

Help file:/usr/share/man,/usr/share/doc,/usr/local/share/man,/usr/local/share/doc

System Management Class Commands:

Shutdown:

Halt,poweroff,shutdown,init 0

Restart:

Reboot,shutdown,init 6

Associated with User login:

Who,whoami,w

Shutdown or restart:

Halt,power

Reboot

-F: Force, do not call shutdown

-P: Power off

Shutdown

shutdown [OPTION] ... Time [MESSAGE]

-r:reboot

-h:halt

-c:cancel

Time:

Now: Immediately

+m: Relative time notation, from how long after the command is submitted: for example, +3

HH:MM: Absolute time indication, specify time

User login Information View command:

WHOAMI: Displays the currently logged in active user

Who: All current logon sessions for the system

W: All current logon sessions and actions made by the system

1.4-linux file systems and file types