2. Introduction to the Origins and development of UNIX and Linux

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First,what is an operating system

Software for human-computer interaction

PC -Side

Windows:xp,7,8,server:2003,2008/2008 R2 ,2012/2012 R2

Linux:redhat,centeros, Hongqi, Unicorn

MAC:OSX

Mobile side

Android

Ios

Second,What is Liunx

Linux is a set of open source, free-to-propagate Unix-like operating system software

intel x86 system ' computer

multiuser, multitasking, multi-threading and multi - CPU support based on POSIX ( Chinese portable OS Interface ) and Unix the operating system

Linux is mainly used in server domain, embedded open domain, personal PC Desktop field

Features of the Linux operating system:

1. Open Source Code Program

2. Excellent UNIX features, good compatibility

3. Free to spread without any copyright restrictions

4. Computers for the Intel X86 CPU Architecture

Third,The origins of Linux

History of Unix

1969 Birth at T Bell Laboratory Ken Thompson (Ken Thompson)

1977 BSD Sun's Solares IBM's AIX HP UNIX

At the end of 70, the company recovered copyright and closed source; Unix and built-in software developed by various commercial companies

1984 Richard Stallman (Richard Stallman) initiated the development of the free software movement and established the Free Software Foundation (FSF) and the GNU Project Free Software Foundation for the development and management of the GNU Project

The GNU project's Purpose: To develop a UNIX-like system or free software, called the GNU operating system, but the GNU system is not popular

We are now using Linux, some of the above components that are contributed by the GNU Project

In the middle of the 80 's, about 84 years; Tan Bonning (Andy Tanenbaum) development minux based on X86 platform, compatible with UNIX

Five Features of Unix

5. Mature Technology

6. High reliability: Stable, no need to restart the system

7. Very strong scalability (CPU):

8. INTEL/AMD, Hp-pad, MIPS, PowerPC, UltraSPARC, Alpha and other RISC chips

9. Powerful Network features:

Supports TCP/IP, NFS, DCE, ipx/spx, SLIP, PPP, etc.

10. Strong database Support Capabilities

Oracle, DB2, Sybase, Infoemix, pistgers

11. Powerful development Features

12. Prompted the birth of C language

Four,Linux Birth

Student Linas Tovaz of the University of Helsinki, Finland (Linus Torvalds)

Five,Free Software

Purpose:

1. No copyright restrictions, open source code, free to propagate

2. Freedom Key is right issue, not price issue, free software does not represent free

3. red hat free  Centeros  free and free

5. free Software Foundation FSF, for the GNU Project, the GNU Project is designed to create a freely available and portable Unix-like operating system

6. Linux now in use, the kernel is Linus Torvalds developed, the above component is the GNU project, the GNU Project is the responsibility of the Free Software Foundation, Richard stallman launched the free Software movement, set up the Free Software Foundation

Six,Features of Linux

1, efficient, flexible, on the PC computer to achieve all UNIX features

2, multi-tasking, multi-user

3. Safety and stability

5. Perfect network server, Http, FTP, SMTP, POP, SAMBA, SNMP, DNS, DHCP, SSH, Telnet

6, GNU Open System, a large number of third-party free applications

7, many manufacturers support, IBM, Oracle, DB2, Sybase, Mysql

8. Perfect graphical user interface: Gnome, KDE

9. The perfect development platform: C + +, Java, PHP

10. Java EE Application Server platform provided by many vendors

2. Introduction to the Origins and development of UNIX and Linux