Application of Web applications to high availability through heartbeat

I. Introduction to the Environment

Description: All cases are completed on the virtual machine (VMware)

Operating system: CentOS 6.5 64bit

Highly available software: Heartbeat 3.0.4

Web application server: Apache httpd 2.2.15

Second, Heartbeat service Host resource planning

Host Name	Interface	Ip	Use
Heartbeat-master	Eth0	172.18.10.227	External network management IP for WAN data forwarding
	Eth1	172.18.0.227	Heartbeat line for inter-server heartbeat connection (direct Connect)
		172.18.10.200	Virtual IP (VIP) that provides app service a
Heartbeat-slave	Eth0	172.18.10.228	External network management IP for WAN data forwarding
	Eth1	172.18.0.228	Heartbeat line for inter-server heartbeat connection (direct Connect)
		172.18.10.201	Provides virtual IP (VIP) for app service B

III. installation configuration (same configuration as master and slave server configuration)

1 Configuring the Host name and Hosts file

1.1 Replace host name with Heartbeat-master

[Email protected] ~]# sed-i ' s#hostname=base#hostname=heartbeat-master#g '/etc/sysconfig/network[[email protected] ~ ]# hostname Heartbeat-master

Exit Login System (CTRL+D)

[Email protected] ~]#

1.2 Configuring the Hosts file

[[email protected] ~]# cat >>/etc/hosts<<eof> 172.18.0.227 heartbeat-master # BIND host name to heart jumper > 172.18.0.228 Heartbeat-slave # BIND host name to heart jumper > Eof[[email protected] ~]# tail-2/etc/hosts172.18.0.227 heartbeat-master172.18.0.228 Heartbeat-slave

1.3 Check that the configuration is correct

[[email protected] ~]# tail-2/etc/hosts172.18.0.227 heartbeat-master172.18.0.228 heartbeat-slave[[email protected] ~] # ping Heartbeat-master[[email protected] ~]# ping Heartbeat-slave

2 Increasing host routing

2.1 Configure the following on the Heartbeat-master host:

[[Email protected] ~]# route add -host 172.18.0.228 dev eth1[[email  protected] ~]# echo  "/sbin/route add -host 172.18.0.228 dev eth1 " >> /etc/rc.local[[email protected] ~]# tail -1 /etc/rc.local/sbin/ Route add -host 172.18.0.228 dev eth1[[email protected] ~]# route  -nKernel IP routing tableDestination     Gateway          genmask         flags  Metric Ref    Use Iface172.18.0.228    0.0.0.0          255.255.255.255 UH    0       0        0 eth1172.18.0.0       0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   u      0      0        0  eth1172.18.10.0     0.0.0.0          255.255.255.0   u     0      0         0 eth0 ... Omitted

The

  2.2 is configured on the Heartbeat-slave host as follows:

[[Email protected] ~]# route add -host 172.18.0.227 dev eth1[[email  protected] ~]# echo  "/sbin/route add -host 172.18.0.227 dev eth1 " >> /etc/rc.local [[email protected] ~]# tail -1 /etc/rc.local  /sbin/route add -host 172.18.0.227 dev eth1[[email protected] ~]#  route -n  #检查路由是否配置正确Kernel  IP routing tableDestination      Gateway         Genmask          Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface172.18.0.227     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH     0      0        0  Eth1172.18.0.0      0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0    U     0      0         0 eth1172.18.10.0     0.0.0.0          255.255.255.0   U     0       0        0 eth0 ... Omitted

Iv. Installation of Heartbeat software

Need to explain, The CentOS5.8 system comes with heartbeat software that can be installed directly via Yum, but the CentOS6 version will no longer support the installation of Heartbeat via Yum, which requires the installation of Epel packages and Epel software installed through the heartbeat package.

1 Creating a Software storage directory (good Habits)

[Email protected] ~]# mkdir-p/home/oldcat/tools[[email protected] ~]# cd/home/oldcat/tools/

2 download and install the Epel package

[[email protected] tools]# wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/epel/6/x86_64/ epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm--2016-01-08 00:16:00--  http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/epel/6/ X86_64/EPEL-RELEASE-6-8.NOARCH.RPM is parsing host  mirrors.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, 2001:da8:d800 : 95::110 is connected  mirrors.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:80...  connected. Issued  HTTP  request, waiting for response ...  200 ok ... Omit [[email protected] tools]# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm warning:  epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm: header v3 rsa/sha256 signature, key id  0608b895: nokeypreparing...                 ########################################### [100%]   1:epel-release            ###########################################  [100%][[email&nbSp;protected] tools]# rpm -qa|grep epelepel-release-6-8.noarch 

3 yum install heartbeat

[[email protected] tools]# yum install heartbeat -yloaded plugins:  fastestmirror, securitybase                                                                      |  3.7 kB     00:00     base/primary_db                                                           |  4.6 mb     00:00     epel/metalink                                                             | 4.5  kb     00:00     epel ... Omitted

V. Installation of Apache HTTPD software

1 Yum Installation httpd

[email protected] ~]# Yum install httpd-y

Vi. Configuring high-availability Services

1 Configuring Heartbeat

1.1 Heartbeat The default profile directory is/etc/ha.d/after installation via Yum, but the default does not include the configuration file, you need to

HA.CF, Authkeys, and Haresources copied to the/etc/ha.d/directory in the/usr/share/doc/heartbeat-3.0.4/directory

[[email protected] heartbeat-3.0.4]# cp authkeys ha.cf haresources /etc/ ha.d/[[email protected] heartbeat-3.0.4]# cd /etc/ha.d/[[email protected] ha.d]#  ll Total dosage  44-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   645 1 month    8  01:03 authkeys-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 10502 1 Month    8  01:03 ha.cf-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   745 12 Month   3 2013  harc-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  5905 1 Month    8 01:03  Haresourcesdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 1 Month    8 00:30  Rc.d-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   692 12 Month   3 2013  Readme.configdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 1 Month    8 00:30  resource.d-rw-r--r--.  1 rOot root  2082 11 Month  10 19:00 shellfuncs 

  1.2 Edit Authkeys file

[[email protected] ha.d]# cat authkeys auth 11 sha1  49234s43k345lkj3lk239sljdf23478cxj90s8lwe5rll #  key string is custom, as long as possible to configure the description: SHA1 encryption, optional encryption and CRC and MD5, However, the use of CRC is not recommended by the authorities. ##       authentication file.  must be mode  600###       must have exactly one auth directive  at the front.#       auth    send  Authentication using this method-id##       then, list  the method and key that go with that method-id##        AVAILABLE METHODS: CRC SHA1, MD5.  CRC DOESN ' t need/want a key.##       you normally only  Have one authentIcation method-id listed in this file##       put  more than one to make a smooth transition when changing  auth#       methods and/or keys.###        sha1 is believed to be the  "Best", md5 next  Best.##       crc adds no security, except from  packet corruption.#                use only on physically secure networks. [[The Email protected] ha.d]# chmod 600 authkeys  # authkeys file must have the permissions of 600!! [[email protected] ha.d]# ll total dosage  40-rw-------.  1 root root     60 1 Month    8 01:09 authkeYs-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 10502 1 Month    8 01:03 ha.cf-rwxr-xr-x .  1 root root   745 12 month   3 2013 harc-rw-r--r--.  1  root root    99 1 Month    8 01:13  Haresourcesdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 1 Month    8 00:30  Rc.d-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   692 12 Month   3 2013  Readme.configdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 1 Month    8 00:30  resource.d-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  2082 11 Month  10 19:00  Shellfuncs

1.3 Edit Haresources File

[email protected] ha.d]# cat >> haresources <<eof> heartbeat-master ipaddr::172.18.10.200/24/eth0 httpd > Heartbeat-slave ipaddr::172.18.10.201/24/eth0> eof[[email protected] ha.d]# cat haresources Heartbeat-master Ipaddr::172.18.10.200/24/eth0 Httpdheartbeat-slave Ipaddr::172.18.10.201/24/eth0

Configuration Description:
A.172.18.10.200 is initially bound to the VIP on the Heartbeat-master host, the same 172.18.10.201 as the initial binding
The VIP on the Heartbeat-slave host.
B. Although both master and slave VIPs are configured, the initial binding binds only the VIP that belongs to the native, only within the configured time
Receiving no heartbeat data from the peer server will take over the VIP and all resources of the peer host.
The C.HTTPD parameter is responsible for delegating the start stop operation of the httpd service to heartbeat.

1.4 Edit HA.CF File

[email protected] ha.d]# cat ha.cfdebugfile/var/log/ha-debug.loglogfile/var/log/ha.loglogfacility local1keepalive 2deadtime 30warntime 10initdead 90mcast eth1 225.0.0.100 694 1 0auto_failback onnode heartbeat-masternode heartbeat-slave CRM No

To be Continued ...

Application of Web applications to high availability through heartbeat