Basic Introduction to Linux releases

This article is an article for friends who want to learn about Linux. Here we talk about the basic knowledge of linux and provide some help to friends who have just learned about linux. First, we should know the basic information about the computer. A computer is the sum of metal, semiconductor, and plastic products. If it is powered on, it can be started, but you cannot do anything, because the computer is just a bunch of hardware, if you are not selling scrap iron, it is heavy and dazzling (if your computer is a pile of white shells ). But why is the computer so attractive to us? Because of the operating system and application software.

An operating system is a special piece of software that allows computer hardware and software to work together, and to handle the keyboard and move the mouse. Common operating systems include Windows, which have many versions; mac OS, which is used on Apple computers; UNIX, which uses stable UNIX for many mainframes; Linux, which is the main character of today, A powerful open source code operating system with stable operation and excellent performance.

However, the world without Windows is equally amazing. If the computer is a land, Windows is the dark clouds over the sky. We can see the beautiful sun only when the dark clouds are removed. The tool we used to remove this dark cloud is Linux.
So what is Linux?

A long time ago, in 1970s, Windows had not yet appeared. UNIX was the most widely used operating system. But UNIX also has a high price. So there was a cool man (I couldn't remember the specific spelling of his name, so I had to replace it with a cool man. After all, it would be worse if someone else's name was wrong than a cool name ), this cool-man wants to build an open system, which is huge and huge. Including the Operating System (there can be more than one, in fact there are more than one, but we only discuss Linux), software, various documents, materials of various media and many other things. Most of these things use a protocol, that is, the GPL or LGPL we often call. (In simple terms, this Protocol discloses all source code, which can be obtained by anyone for free or added, deleted, or modified, you can even sell the money, as long as you make sure that the software you have modified and the software you sell also use the GPL protocol ). Niu Ren gave this huge open system a loud name (loud?): GNU-GUN is Not Unix.

Linux is the best operating system developed in the GNU system. However, Linux is just a core, a noble operating system core, and a pure operating system core. The core of this pure and noble operating system was first developed by Linus, another cool-man. At that time, the Finnish people were no larger than me, maybe even smaller than me, but Niu, really cool. Linux core, coupled with a lot of excellent GNU system application software, is what we have mentioned now Linux.
So what is Redhat Linux and what is Mandrake Linux?

It was very close before, in 1990s, Linux had gradually become a good choice. Since Linux is a GNU system, the GPL protocol used by this system ensures that the code is made public. As a result, so many companies flock to it and perform necessary modification and processing on the basis of the Linux kernel source code, develop some supporting software, and finally select some excellent software to publish them together to form your own release version of Linux. Redhat in the United States releases Redhat Linux, Mandrake in France releases Mandrake Linux, and SUSE in Germany releases SUSE Linux, many Chinese companies have also released their so-called Chinese Linux, but so far, Chinese Linux has been hard to crack down. The Linux company is like a bull's hair, and the Linux release is also like a bull's hair. Here we cannot help but mention Debian GNU/Linux.

Debian GNU/Linux is a very special Linux release. Unlike other Linux releases, Debian GNU/Linux is developed and released by commercial companies, the name of this ox man starts with Ian, and the lady Niu's name starts with three letters Deb, so with the power of love, he initiated the Debian GNU/Linux organization, we are committed to developing a non-commercial Linux release. Love is really great, he did it. More than 800 engineers around the world are dedicated to providing their spare time for Debian GNU/Linux. And this number is growing. Debian GNU/Linux is an excellent version in the Linux release. I will introduce it in detail later. I will discuss Debian GNU/Linux later. I will use Debian instead.
Story about the kernel version and release version

Since Linux is only a kernel, and the Linux release version is a collection of Linux kernels and various application software, there are two versions in Linux. One is the kernel version and the other is the release version. The Linux kernel version number is in the format of x. y. zz-www. Different numbers represent different development versions, which are stable and tested. The Linux release number is determined by various release companies or organizations. Redhat Linux has 6.0, 6.2, 7.0, 7.2, 7.3, and so on. Generally, the kernel version number is an even number, indicating a stable version, the odd number is an unstable test version. In fact, Windows is the same, but we don't often hear about it. For example, the internal version of Windows2000 is 2195, And the release version is 2000. I don't know which Linux release version will use version 2003.
Some conventions and URLs

Later, we will use Linux to refer to the Linux release and Kernel to refer to the Linux Kernel. Debian refers to Debian GNU/Linux, and Redhat refers to Redhat Linux.

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